107 files changed, 2960 insertions, 543 deletions

diff --git a/src/audio_core/CMakeLists.txt b/src/audio_core/CMakeLists.txt
index 8e3a8f5a8..75416c53a 100644
--- a/src/audio_core/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/audio_core/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -226,6 +226,10 @@ if(ENABLE_CUBEB)
     target_compile_definitions(audio_core PRIVATE -DHAVE_CUBEB=1)
 endif()
 if(ENABLE_SDL2)
-    target_link_libraries(audio_core PRIVATE SDL2)
+    if (YUZU_USE_EXTERNAL_SDL2)
+        target_link_libraries(audio_core PRIVATE SDL2-static)
+    else()
+        target_link_libraries(audio_core PRIVATE SDL2)
+    endif()
     target_compile_definitions(audio_core PRIVATE HAVE_SDL2)
 endif()
diff --git a/src/audio_core/renderer/command/command_buffer.cpp b/src/audio_core/renderer/command/command_buffer.cpp
index 2ef879ee1..8c6fe97e7 100644
--- a/src/audio_core/renderer/command/command_buffer.cpp
+++ b/src/audio_core/renderer/command/command_buffer.cpp
@@ -460,21 +460,23 @@ void CommandBuffer::GenerateDeviceSinkCommand(const s32 node_id, const s16 buffe
 
     cmd.session_id = session_id;
 
+    cmd.input_count = parameter.input_count;
+    s16 max_input{0};
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < parameter.input_count; i++) {
+        cmd.inputs[i] = buffer_offset + parameter.inputs[i];
+        max_input = std::max(max_input, cmd.inputs[i]);
+    }
+
     if (state.upsampler_info != nullptr) {
         const auto size_{state.upsampler_info->sample_count * parameter.input_count};
         const auto size_bytes{size_ * sizeof(s32)};
         const auto addr{memory_pool->Translate(state.upsampler_info->samples_pos, size_bytes)};
         cmd.sample_buffer = {reinterpret_cast<s32*>(addr),
-                             parameter.input_count * state.upsampler_info->sample_count};
+                             (max_input + 1) * state.upsampler_info->sample_count};
     } else {
         cmd.sample_buffer = samples_buffer;
     }
 
-    cmd.input_count = parameter.input_count;
-    for (u32 i = 0; i < parameter.input_count; i++) {
-        cmd.inputs[i] = buffer_offset + parameter.inputs[i];
-    }
-
     GenerateEnd<DeviceSinkCommand>(cmd);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/audio_core/sink/sink_stream.cpp b/src/audio_core/sink/sink_stream.cpp
index 849f862b0..67e194e3c 100644
--- a/src/audio_core/sink/sink_stream.cpp
+++ b/src/audio_core/sink/sink_stream.cpp
@@ -266,19 +266,20 @@ void SinkStream::ProcessAudioOutAndRender(std::span<s16> output_buffer, std::siz
 }
 
 void SinkStream::Stall() {
-    if (stalled) {
+    std::scoped_lock lk{stall_guard};
+    if (stalled_lock) {
         return;
     }
-    stalled = true;
-    system.StallProcesses();
+    stalled_lock = system.StallProcesses();
 }
 
 void SinkStream::Unstall() {
-    if (!stalled) {
+    std::scoped_lock lk{stall_guard};
+    if (!stalled_lock) {
         return;
     }
     system.UnstallProcesses();
-    stalled = false;
+    stalled_lock.unlock();
 }
 
 } // namespace AudioCore::Sink
diff --git a/src/audio_core/sink/sink_stream.h b/src/audio_core/sink/sink_stream.h
index 38a4b2f51..5fea72ab7 100644
--- a/src/audio_core/sink/sink_stream.h
+++ b/src/audio_core/sink/sink_stream.h
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <array>
 #include <atomic>
 #include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
 #include <span>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -240,8 +241,8 @@ private:
     f32 system_volume{1.0f};
     /// Set via IAudioDevice service calls
     f32 device_volume{1.0f};
-    /// True if coretiming has been stalled
-    bool stalled{false};
+    std::mutex stall_guard;
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> stalled_lock;
 };
 
 using SinkStreamPtr = std::unique_ptr<SinkStream>;
diff --git a/src/common/cache_management.cpp b/src/common/cache_management.cpp
index 57810b76a..ed353828a 100644
--- a/src/common/cache_management.cpp
+++ b/src/common/cache_management.cpp
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <cstring>
 
-#include "alignment.h"
-#include "cache_management.h"
-#include "common_types.h"
+#include "common/cache_management.h"
 
 namespace Common {
 
diff --git a/src/common/cache_management.h b/src/common/cache_management.h
index e467b87e4..038323e95 100644
--- a/src/common/cache_management.h
+++ b/src/common/cache_management.h
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include "stdlib.h"
+#include <cstddef>
 
 namespace Common {
 
diff --git a/src/common/input.h b/src/common/input.h
index cb30b7254..449e0193f 100644
--- a/src/common/input.h
+++ b/src/common/input.h
@@ -383,6 +383,16 @@ void RegisterFactory(const std::string& name, std::shared_ptr<Factory<InputDevic
     }
 }
 
+inline void RegisterInputFactory(const std::string& name,
+                                 std::shared_ptr<Factory<InputDevice>> factory) {
+    RegisterFactory<InputDevice>(name, std::move(factory));
+}
+
+inline void RegisterOutputFactory(const std::string& name,
+                                  std::shared_ptr<Factory<OutputDevice>> factory) {
+    RegisterFactory<OutputDevice>(name, std::move(factory));
+}
+
 /**
  * Unregisters an input device factory.
  * @tparam InputDeviceType the type of input devices the factory can create
@@ -395,6 +405,14 @@ void UnregisterFactory(const std::string& name) {
     }
 }
 
+inline void UnregisterInputFactory(const std::string& name) {
+    UnregisterFactory<InputDevice>(name);
+}
+
+inline void UnregisterOutputFactory(const std::string& name) {
+    UnregisterFactory<OutputDevice>(name);
+}
+
 /**
  * Create an input device from given paramters.
  * @tparam InputDeviceType the type of input devices to create
@@ -416,13 +434,21 @@ std::unique_ptr<InputDeviceType> CreateDeviceFromString(const std::string& param
     return pair->second->Create(package);
 }
 
+inline std::unique_ptr<InputDevice> CreateInputDeviceFromString(const std::string& params) {
+    return CreateDeviceFromString<InputDevice>(params);
+}
+
+inline std::unique_ptr<OutputDevice> CreateOutputDeviceFromString(const std::string& params) {
+    return CreateDeviceFromString<OutputDevice>(params);
+}
+
 /**
- * Create an input device from given paramters.
+ * Create an input device from given parameters.
  * @tparam InputDeviceType the type of input devices to create
- * @param A ParamPackage that contains all parameters for creating the device
+ * @param package A ParamPackage that contains all parameters for creating the device
  */
 template <typename InputDeviceType>
-std::unique_ptr<InputDeviceType> CreateDevice(const Common::ParamPackage package) {
+std::unique_ptr<InputDeviceType> CreateDevice(const ParamPackage& package) {
     const std::string engine = package.Get("engine", "null");
     const auto& factory_list = Impl::FactoryList<InputDeviceType>::list;
     const auto pair = factory_list.find(engine);
@@ -435,4 +461,12 @@ std::unique_ptr<InputDeviceType> CreateDevice(const Common::ParamPackage package
     return pair->second->Create(package);
 }
 
+inline std::unique_ptr<InputDevice> CreateInputDevice(const ParamPackage& package) {
+    return CreateDevice<InputDevice>(package);
+}
+
+inline std::unique_ptr<OutputDevice> CreateOutputDevice(const ParamPackage& package) {
+    return CreateDevice<OutputDevice>(package);
+}
+
 } // namespace Common::Input
diff --git a/src/common/settings.cpp b/src/common/settings.cpp
index 8173462cb..d8ffe34c3 100644
--- a/src/common/settings.cpp
+++ b/src/common/settings.cpp
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ void LogSettings() {
     log_setting("CPU_Accuracy", values.cpu_accuracy.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_UseResolutionScaling", values.resolution_setup.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_ScalingFilter", values.scaling_filter.GetValue());
+    log_setting("Renderer_FSRSlider", values.fsr_sharpening_slider.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_AntiAliasing", values.anti_aliasing.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_UseSpeedLimit", values.use_speed_limit.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_SpeedLimit", values.speed_limit.GetValue());
@@ -181,6 +182,7 @@ void RestoreGlobalState(bool is_powered_on) {
     values.cpuopt_unsafe_ignore_global_monitor.SetGlobal(true);
 
     // Renderer
+    values.fsr_sharpening_slider.SetGlobal(true);
     values.renderer_backend.SetGlobal(true);
     values.vulkan_device.SetGlobal(true);
     values.aspect_ratio.SetGlobal(true);
diff --git a/src/common/settings.h b/src/common/settings.h
index 0eb98939c..00e4421f7 100644
--- a/src/common/settings.h
+++ b/src/common/settings.h
@@ -421,6 +421,7 @@ struct Values {
     ResolutionScalingInfo resolution_info{};
     SwitchableSetting<ResolutionSetup> resolution_setup{ResolutionSetup::Res1X, "resolution_setup"};
     SwitchableSetting<ScalingFilter> scaling_filter{ScalingFilter::Bilinear, "scaling_filter"};
+    SwitchableSetting<int, true> fsr_sharpening_slider{25, 0, 200, "fsr_sharpening_slider"};
     SwitchableSetting<AntiAliasing> anti_aliasing{AntiAliasing::None, "anti_aliasing"};
     // *nix platforms may have issues with the borderless windowed fullscreen mode.
     // Default to exclusive fullscreen on these platforms for now.
@@ -442,7 +443,7 @@ struct Values {
     SwitchableSetting<NvdecEmulation> nvdec_emulation{NvdecEmulation::GPU, "nvdec_emulation"};
     SwitchableSetting<bool> accelerate_astc{true, "accelerate_astc"};
     SwitchableSetting<bool> use_vsync{true, "use_vsync"};
-    SwitchableSetting<ShaderBackend, true> shader_backend{ShaderBackend::GLASM, ShaderBackend::GLSL,
+    SwitchableSetting<ShaderBackend, true> shader_backend{ShaderBackend::GLSL, ShaderBackend::GLSL,
                                                           ShaderBackend::SPIRV, "shader_backend"};
     SwitchableSetting<bool> use_asynchronous_shaders{false, "use_asynchronous_shaders"};
     SwitchableSetting<bool> use_fast_gpu_time{true, "use_fast_gpu_time"};
diff --git a/src/core/core.cpp b/src/core/core.cpp
index d8934be52..94d4e2212 100644
--- a/src/core/core.cpp
+++ b/src/core/core.cpp
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ struct System::Impl {
 
         kernel.Suspend(false);
         core_timing.SyncPause(false);
-        is_paused = false;
+        is_paused.store(false, std::memory_order_relaxed);
 
         return status;
     }
@@ -200,14 +200,13 @@ struct System::Impl {
 
         core_timing.SyncPause(true);
         kernel.Suspend(true);
-        is_paused = true;
+        is_paused.store(true, std::memory_order_relaxed);
 
         return status;
     }
 
     bool IsPaused() const {
-        std::unique_lock lk(suspend_guard);
-        return is_paused;
+        return is_paused.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
     }
 
     std::unique_lock<std::mutex> StallProcesses() {
@@ -218,7 +217,7 @@ struct System::Impl {
     }
 
     void UnstallProcesses() {
-        if (!is_paused) {
+        if (!IsPaused()) {
             core_timing.SyncPause(false);
             kernel.Suspend(false);
         }
@@ -465,7 +464,7 @@ struct System::Impl {
     }
 
     mutable std::mutex suspend_guard;
-    bool is_paused{};
+    std::atomic_bool is_paused{};
     std::atomic<bool> is_shutting_down{};
 
     Timing::CoreTiming core_timing;
diff --git a/src/core/crypto/key_manager.cpp b/src/core/crypto/key_manager.cpp
index 443323390..65a9fe802 100644
--- a/src/core/crypto/key_manager.cpp
+++ b/src/core/crypto/key_manager.cpp
@@ -578,18 +578,18 @@ KeyManager::KeyManager() {
 
     if (Settings::values.use_dev_keys) {
         dev_mode = true;
-        LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "dev.keys", false);
         LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "dev.keys_autogenerated", false);
+        LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "dev.keys", false);
     } else {
         dev_mode = false;
-        LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "prod.keys", false);
         LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "prod.keys_autogenerated", false);
+        LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "prod.keys", false);
     }
 
-    LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "title.keys", true);
     LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "title.keys_autogenerated", true);
-    LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "console.keys", false);
+    LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "title.keys", true);
     LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "console.keys_autogenerated", false);
+    LoadFromFile(yuzu_keys_dir / "console.keys", false);
 }
 
 static bool ValidCryptoRevisionString(std::string_view base, size_t begin, size_t length) {
diff --git a/src/core/hid/emulated_console.cpp b/src/core/hid/emulated_console.cpp
index fb7e5802a..b6c8cc58d 100644
--- a/src/core/hid/emulated_console.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hid/emulated_console.cpp
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ void EmulatedConsole::ReloadInput() {
     // If you load any device here add the equivalent to the UnloadInput() function
     SetTouchParams();
 
-    motion_devices = Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>(motion_params);
+    motion_devices = Common::Input::CreateInputDevice(motion_params);
     if (motion_devices) {
         motion_devices->SetCallback({
             .on_change =
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ void EmulatedConsole::ReloadInput() {
     // Unique index for identifying touch device source
     std::size_t index = 0;
     for (auto& touch_device : touch_devices) {
-        touch_device = Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>(touch_params[index]);
+        touch_device = Common::Input::CreateInputDevice(touch_params[index]);
         if (!touch_device) {
             continue;
         }
diff --git a/src/core/hid/emulated_controller.cpp b/src/core/hid/emulated_controller.cpp
index ec1364452..c96d9eef3 100644
--- a/src/core/hid/emulated_controller.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hid/emulated_controller.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
+#include <algorithm>
+
 #include "common/thread.h"
 #include "core/hid/emulated_controller.h"
 #include "core/hid/input_converter.h"
@@ -144,29 +146,23 @@ void EmulatedController::LoadDevices() {
 
     LoadTASParams();
 
-    std::transform(button_params.begin() + Settings::NativeButton::BUTTON_HID_BEGIN,
-                   button_params.begin() + Settings::NativeButton::BUTTON_NS_END,
-                   button_devices.begin(), Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>);
-    std::transform(stick_params.begin() + Settings::NativeAnalog::STICK_HID_BEGIN,
-                   stick_params.begin() + Settings::NativeAnalog::STICK_HID_END,
-                   stick_devices.begin(), Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>);
-    std::transform(motion_params.begin() + Settings::NativeMotion::MOTION_HID_BEGIN,
-                   motion_params.begin() + Settings::NativeMotion::MOTION_HID_END,
-                   motion_devices.begin(), Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>);
-    std::transform(trigger_params.begin(), trigger_params.end(), trigger_devices.begin(),
-                   Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>);
-    std::transform(battery_params.begin(), battery_params.end(), battery_devices.begin(),
-                   Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>);
-    camera_devices = Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>(camera_params);
-    nfc_devices = Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>(nfc_params);
-    std::transform(output_params.begin(), output_params.end(), output_devices.begin(),
-                   Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::OutputDevice>);
+    std::ranges::transform(button_params, button_devices.begin(), Common::Input::CreateInputDevice);
+    std::ranges::transform(stick_params, stick_devices.begin(), Common::Input::CreateInputDevice);
+    std::ranges::transform(motion_params, motion_devices.begin(), Common::Input::CreateInputDevice);
+    std::ranges::transform(trigger_params, trigger_devices.begin(),
+                           Common::Input::CreateInputDevice);
+    std::ranges::transform(battery_params, battery_devices.begin(),
+                           Common::Input::CreateInputDevice);
+    camera_devices = Common::Input::CreateInputDevice(camera_params);
+    nfc_devices = Common::Input::CreateInputDevice(nfc_params);
+    std::ranges::transform(output_params, output_devices.begin(),
+                           Common::Input::CreateOutputDevice);
 
     // Initialize TAS devices
-    std::transform(tas_button_params.begin(), tas_button_params.end(), tas_button_devices.begin(),
-                   Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>);
-    std::transform(tas_stick_params.begin(), tas_stick_params.end(), tas_stick_devices.begin(),
-                   Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>);
+    std::ranges::transform(tas_button_params, tas_button_devices.begin(),
+                           Common::Input::CreateInputDevice);
+    std::ranges::transform(tas_stick_params, tas_stick_devices.begin(),
+                           Common::Input::CreateInputDevice);
 }
 
 void EmulatedController::LoadTASParams() {
diff --git a/src/core/hid/emulated_devices.cpp b/src/core/hid/emulated_devices.cpp
index 8d367b546..e421828d2 100644
--- a/src/core/hid/emulated_devices.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hid/emulated_devices.cpp
@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@ void EmulatedDevices::ReloadInput() {
         Common::ParamPackage mouse_params;
         mouse_params.Set("engine", "mouse");
         mouse_params.Set("button", static_cast<int>(key_index));
-        mouse_device = Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>(mouse_params);
+        mouse_device = Common::Input::CreateInputDevice(mouse_params);
         key_index++;
     }
 
-    mouse_stick_device = Common::Input::CreateDeviceFromString<Common::Input::InputDevice>(
-        "engine:mouse,axis_x:0,axis_y:1");
+    mouse_stick_device =
+        Common::Input::CreateInputDeviceFromString("engine:mouse,axis_x:0,axis_y:1");
 
     // First two axis are reserved for mouse position
     key_index = 2;
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ void EmulatedDevices::ReloadInput() {
         Common::ParamPackage mouse_params;
         mouse_params.Set("engine", "mouse");
         mouse_params.Set("axis", static_cast<int>(key_index));
-        mouse_device = Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>(mouse_params);
+        mouse_device = Common::Input::CreateInputDevice(mouse_params);
         key_index++;
     }
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ void EmulatedDevices::ReloadInput() {
         keyboard_params.Set("button", static_cast<int>(key_index));
         keyboard_params.Set("port", 1);
         keyboard_params.Set("pad", 0);
-        keyboard_device = Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>(keyboard_params);
+        keyboard_device = Common::Input::CreateInputDevice(keyboard_params);
         key_index++;
     }
 
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ void EmulatedDevices::ReloadInput() {
         keyboard_params.Set("button", static_cast<int>(key_index));
         keyboard_params.Set("port", 1);
         keyboard_params.Set("pad", 1);
-        keyboard_device = Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>(keyboard_params);
+        keyboard_device = Common::Input::CreateInputDevice(keyboard_params);
         key_index++;
     }
 
-    ring_analog_device = Common::Input::CreateDevice<Common::Input::InputDevice>(ring_params);
+    ring_analog_device = Common::Input::CreateInputDevice(ring_params);
 
     for (std::size_t index = 0; index < mouse_button_devices.size(); ++index) {
         if (!mouse_button_devices[index]) {
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ void EmulatedDevices::UnloadInput() {
     for (auto& button : keyboard_modifier_devices) {
         button.reset();
     }
+    ring_analog_device.reset();
 }
 
 void EmulatedDevices::EnableConfiguration() {
diff --git a/src/core/hle/kernel/hle_ipc.h b/src/core/hle/kernel/hle_ipc.h
index d87be72d6..e252b5f4b 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/kernel/hle_ipc.h
+++ b/src/core/hle/kernel/hle_ipc.h
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ public:
     ~HLERequestContext();
 
     /// Returns a pointer to the IPC command buffer for this request.
-    u32* CommandBuffer() {
+    [[nodiscard]] u32* CommandBuffer() {
         return cmd_buf.data();
     }
 
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ public:
      * Returns the session through which this request was made. This can be used as a map key to
      * access per-client data on services.
      */
-    Kernel::KServerSession* Session() {
+    [[nodiscard]] Kernel::KServerSession* Session() {
         return server_session;
     }
 
@@ -217,61 +217,61 @@ public:
     /// Writes data from this context back to the requesting process/thread.
     Result WriteToOutgoingCommandBuffer(KThread& requesting_thread);
 
-    u32_le GetHipcCommand() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] u32_le GetHipcCommand() const {
         return command;
     }
 
-    u32_le GetTipcCommand() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] u32_le GetTipcCommand() const {
         return static_cast<u32_le>(command_header->type.Value()) -
                static_cast<u32_le>(IPC::CommandType::TIPC_CommandRegion);
     }
 
-    u32_le GetCommand() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] u32_le GetCommand() const {
         return command_header->IsTipc() ? GetTipcCommand() : GetHipcCommand();
     }
 
-    bool IsTipc() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsTipc() const {
         return command_header->IsTipc();
     }
 
-    IPC::CommandType GetCommandType() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] IPC::CommandType GetCommandType() const {
         return command_header->type;
     }
 
-    u64 GetPID() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] u64 GetPID() const {
         return pid;
     }
 
-    u32 GetDataPayloadOffset() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] u32 GetDataPayloadOffset() const {
         return data_payload_offset;
     }
 
-    const std::vector<IPC::BufferDescriptorX>& BufferDescriptorX() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<IPC::BufferDescriptorX>& BufferDescriptorX() const {
         return buffer_x_desciptors;
     }
 
-    const std::vector<IPC::BufferDescriptorABW>& BufferDescriptorA() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<IPC::BufferDescriptorABW>& BufferDescriptorA() const {
         return buffer_a_desciptors;
     }
 
-    const std::vector<IPC::BufferDescriptorABW>& BufferDescriptorB() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<IPC::BufferDescriptorABW>& BufferDescriptorB() const {
         return buffer_b_desciptors;
     }
 
-    const std::vector<IPC::BufferDescriptorC>& BufferDescriptorC() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<IPC::BufferDescriptorC>& BufferDescriptorC() const {
         return buffer_c_desciptors;
     }
 
-    const IPC::DomainMessageHeader& GetDomainMessageHeader() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const IPC::DomainMessageHeader& GetDomainMessageHeader() const {
         return domain_message_header.value();
     }
 
-    bool HasDomainMessageHeader() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool HasDomainMessageHeader() const {
         return domain_message_header.has_value();
     }
 
     /// Helper function to read a buffer using the appropriate buffer descriptor
-    std::vector<u8> ReadBuffer(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8> ReadBuffer(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const;
 
     /// Helper function to write a buffer using the appropriate buffer descriptor
     std::size_t WriteBuffer(const void* buffer, std::size_t size,
@@ -308,22 +308,34 @@ public:
     }
 
     /// Helper function to get the size of the input buffer
-    std::size_t GetReadBufferSize(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t GetReadBufferSize(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const;
 
     /// Helper function to get the size of the output buffer
-    std::size_t GetWriteBufferSize(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t GetWriteBufferSize(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const;
+
+    /// Helper function to derive the number of elements able to be contained in the read buffer
+    template <typename T>
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t GetReadBufferNumElements(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const {
+        return GetReadBufferSize(buffer_index) / sizeof(T);
+    }
+
+    /// Helper function to derive the number of elements able to be contained in the write buffer
+    template <typename T>
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t GetWriteBufferNumElements(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const {
+        return GetWriteBufferSize(buffer_index) / sizeof(T);
+    }
 
     /// Helper function to test whether the input buffer at buffer_index can be read
-    bool CanReadBuffer(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] bool CanReadBuffer(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const;
 
     /// Helper function to test whether the output buffer at buffer_index can be written
-    bool CanWriteBuffer(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] bool CanWriteBuffer(std::size_t buffer_index = 0) const;
 
-    Handle GetCopyHandle(std::size_t index) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] Handle GetCopyHandle(std::size_t index) const {
         return incoming_copy_handles.at(index);
     }
 
-    Handle GetMoveHandle(std::size_t index) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] Handle GetMoveHandle(std::size_t index) const {
         return incoming_move_handles.at(index);
     }
 
@@ -348,13 +360,13 @@ public:
         manager = manager_;
     }
 
-    std::string Description() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string Description() const;
 
-    KThread& GetThread() {
+    [[nodiscard]] KThread& GetThread() {
         return *thread;
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<SessionRequestManager> GetManager() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] std::shared_ptr<SessionRequestManager> GetManager() const {
         return manager.lock();
     }
 
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/audio/audin_u.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/audio/audin_u.cpp
index 608925dfc..053e8f9dd 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/audio/audin_u.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/audio/audin_u.cpp
@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ private:
     }
 
     void GetReleasedAudioInBuffer(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-        auto write_buffer_size = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(u64);
-        std::vector<u64> released_buffers(write_buffer_size, 0);
+        const auto write_buffer_size = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<u64>();
+        std::vector<u64> released_buffers(write_buffer_size);
 
-        auto count = impl->GetReleasedBuffers(released_buffers);
+        const auto count = impl->GetReleasedBuffers(released_buffers);
 
         [[maybe_unused]] std::string tags{};
         for (u32 i = 0; i < count; i++) {
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ void AudInU::ListAudioIns(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_Audio, "called");
 
     const auto write_count =
-        static_cast<u32>(ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName));
+        static_cast<u32>(ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName>());
     std::vector<AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName> device_names{};
 
     u32 out_count{0};
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ void AudInU::ListAudioInsAutoFiltered(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_Audio, "called");
 
     const auto write_count =
-        static_cast<u32>(ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName));
+        static_cast<u32>(ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName>());
     std::vector<AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName> device_names{};
 
     u32 out_count{0};
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/audio/audout_u.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/audio/audout_u.cpp
index 122290c6a..29751f075 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/audio/audout_u.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/audio/audout_u.cpp
@@ -129,16 +129,16 @@ private:
     }
 
     void GetReleasedAudioOutBuffers(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-        auto write_buffer_size = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(u64);
-        std::vector<u64> released_buffers(write_buffer_size, 0);
+        const auto write_buffer_size = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<u64>();
+        std::vector<u64> released_buffers(write_buffer_size);
 
-        auto count = impl->GetReleasedBuffers(released_buffers);
+        const auto count = impl->GetReleasedBuffers(released_buffers);
 
         [[maybe_unused]] std::string tags{};
         for (u32 i = 0; i < count; i++) {
             tags += fmt::format("{:08X}, ", released_buffers[i]);
         }
-        [[maybe_unused]] auto sessionid{impl->GetSystem().GetSessionId()};
+        [[maybe_unused]] const auto sessionid{impl->GetSystem().GetSessionId()};
         LOG_TRACE(Service_Audio, "called. Session {} released {} buffers: {}", sessionid, count,
                   tags);
 
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ void AudOutU::ListAudioOuts(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     std::scoped_lock l{impl->mutex};
 
     const auto write_count =
-        static_cast<u32>(ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName));
+        static_cast<u32>(ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName>());
     std::vector<AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName> device_names{};
     if (write_count > 0) {
         device_names.emplace_back("DeviceOut");
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/audio/audren_u.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/audio/audren_u.cpp
index 13423dca6..034ee273f 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/audio/audren_u.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/audio/audren_u.cpp
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ public:
 
 private:
     void ListAudioDeviceName(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-        const size_t in_count = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName);
+        const size_t in_count = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName>();
 
         std::vector<AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName> out_names{};
 
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ private:
     }
 
     void GetActiveAudioDeviceName(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-        const auto write_size = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(char);
+        const auto write_size = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize();
         std::string out_name{"AudioTvOutput"};
 
         LOG_DEBUG(Service_Audio, "(STUBBED) called. Name={}", out_name);
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ private:
     }
 
     void ListAudioOutputDeviceName(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-        const size_t in_count = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName);
+        const size_t in_count = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName>();
 
         std::vector<AudioDevice::AudioDeviceName> out_names{};
 
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/audio/hwopus.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/audio/hwopus.cpp
index 8bafc3a98..825fb8bcc 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/audio/hwopus.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/audio/hwopus.cpp
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ private:
                                  ExtraBehavior extra_behavior) {
         u32 consumed = 0;
         u32 sample_count = 0;
-        std::vector<opus_int16> samples(ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(opus_int16));
+        std::vector<opus_int16> samples(ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<opus_int16>());
 
         if (extra_behavior == ExtraBehavior::ResetContext) {
             ResetDecoderContext();
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/bcat/bcat_module.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/bcat/bcat_module.cpp
index bc08ac487..cbe690a5d 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/bcat/bcat_module.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/bcat/bcat_module.cpp
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ private:
     }
 
     void Read(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-        auto write_size = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(DeliveryCacheDirectoryEntry);
+        auto write_size = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<DeliveryCacheDirectoryEntry>();
 
         LOG_DEBUG(Service_BCAT, "called, write_size={:016X}", write_size);
 
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ private:
     }
 
     void EnumerateDeliveryCacheDirectory(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-        auto size = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(DirectoryName);
+        auto size = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<DirectoryName>();
 
         LOG_DEBUG(Service_BCAT, "called, size={:016X}", size);
 
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/es/es.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/es/es.cpp
index ff9b0427c..d183e5829 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/es/es.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/es/es.cpp
@@ -192,12 +192,10 @@ private:
     }
 
     void ListCommonTicketRightsIds(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-        u32 out_entries;
-        if (keys.GetCommonTickets().empty())
-            out_entries = 0;
-        else
-            out_entries = static_cast<u32>(ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(u128));
-
+        size_t out_entries = 0;
+        if (!keys.GetCommonTickets().empty()) {
+            out_entries = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<u128>();
+        }
         LOG_DEBUG(Service_ETicket, "called, entries={:016X}", out_entries);
 
         keys.PopulateTickets();
@@ -206,20 +204,19 @@ private:
         std::transform(tickets.begin(), tickets.end(), std::back_inserter(ids),
                        [](const auto& pair) { return pair.first; });
 
-        out_entries = static_cast<u32>(std::min<std::size_t>(ids.size(), out_entries));
+        out_entries = std::min(ids.size(), out_entries);
         ctx.WriteBuffer(ids.data(), out_entries * sizeof(u128));
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
         rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        rb.Push<u32>(out_entries);
+        rb.Push<u32>(static_cast<u32>(out_entries));
     }
 
     void ListPersonalizedTicketRightsIds(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-        u32 out_entries;
-        if (keys.GetPersonalizedTickets().empty())
-            out_entries = 0;
-        else
-            out_entries = static_cast<u32>(ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(u128));
+        size_t out_entries = 0;
+        if (!keys.GetPersonalizedTickets().empty()) {
+            out_entries = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<u128>();
+        }
 
         LOG_DEBUG(Service_ETicket, "called, entries={:016X}", out_entries);
 
@@ -229,12 +226,12 @@ private:
         std::transform(tickets.begin(), tickets.end(), std::back_inserter(ids),
                        [](const auto& pair) { return pair.first; });
 
-        out_entries = static_cast<u32>(std::min<std::size_t>(ids.size(), out_entries));
+        out_entries = std::min(ids.size(), out_entries);
         ctx.WriteBuffer(ids.data(), out_entries * sizeof(u128));
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
         rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        rb.Push<u32>(out_entries);
+        rb.Push<u32>(static_cast<u32>(out_entries));
     }
 
     void GetCommonTicketSize(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/filesystem/fsp_srv.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/filesystem/fsp_srv.cpp
index c08274ef9..fbb16a7da 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/filesystem/fsp_srv.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/filesystem/fsp_srv.cpp
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ private:
         LOG_DEBUG(Service_FS, "called.");
 
         // Calculate how many entries we can fit in the output buffer
-        const u64 count_entries = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(FileSys::Entry);
+        const u64 count_entries = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<FileSys::Entry>();
 
         // Cap at total number of entries.
         const u64 actual_entries = std::min(count_entries, entries.size() - next_entry_index);
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ public:
         LOG_DEBUG(Service_FS, "called");
 
         // Calculate how many entries we can fit in the output buffer
-        const u64 count_entries = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(SaveDataInfo);
+        const u64 count_entries = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<SaveDataInfo>();
 
         // Cap at total number of entries.
         const u64 actual_entries = std::min(count_entries, info.size() - next_entry_index);
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/ldn/ldn.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/ldn/ldn.cpp
index 6df563136..c49c61cff 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/ldn/ldn.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/ldn/ldn.cpp
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ public:
 
     void GetNetworkInfoLatestUpdate(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
         const std::size_t network_buffer_size = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize(0);
-        const std::size_t node_buffer_count = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize(1) / sizeof(NodeLatestUpdate);
+        const std::size_t node_buffer_count = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<NodeLatestUpdate>(1);
 
         if (node_buffer_count == 0 || network_buffer_size != sizeof(NetworkInfo)) {
             LOG_ERROR(Service_LDN, "Invalid buffer, size = {}, count = {}", network_buffer_size,
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ public:
         const auto channel{rp.PopEnum<WifiChannel>()};
         const auto scan_filter{rp.PopRaw<ScanFilter>()};
 
-        const std::size_t network_info_size = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(NetworkInfo);
+        const std::size_t network_info_size = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<NetworkInfo>();
 
         if (network_info_size == 0) {
             LOG_ERROR(Service_LDN, "Invalid buffer size {}", network_info_size);
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nfc/nfc_user.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/nfc/nfc_user.cpp
index 0753333bf..ced2d560b 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nfc/nfc_user.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nfc/nfc_user.cpp
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ void IUser::ListDevices(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     }
 
     std::vector<u64> nfp_devices;
-    const std::size_t max_allowed_devices = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(u64);
+    const std::size_t max_allowed_devices = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<u64>();
 
     for (auto& device : devices) {
         if (nfp_devices.size() >= max_allowed_devices) {
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nfp/nfp_user.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/nfp/nfp_user.cpp
index 2fe3c0ea0..49816b4c7 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nfp/nfp_user.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nfp/nfp_user.cpp
@@ -104,9 +104,9 @@ void IUser::ListDevices(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     }
 
     std::vector<u64> nfp_devices;
-    const std::size_t max_allowed_devices = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(u64);
+    const std::size_t max_allowed_devices = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<u64>();
 
-    for (auto& device : devices) {
+    for (const auto& device : devices) {
         if (nfp_devices.size() >= max_allowed_devices) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ void IUser::ListDevices(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
         }
     }
 
-    if (nfp_devices.size() == 0) {
+    if (nfp_devices.empty()) {
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
         rb.Push(DeviceNotFound);
         return;
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nifm/nifm.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/nifm/nifm.cpp
index e3ef06481..4fa9f51a6 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nifm/nifm.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nifm/nifm.cpp
@@ -129,6 +129,9 @@ static_assert(sizeof(NifmNetworkProfileData) == 0x18E,
               "NifmNetworkProfileData has incorrect size.");
 #pragma pack(pop)
 
+constexpr Result ResultPendingConnection{ErrorModule::NIFM, 111};
+constexpr Result ResultNetworkCommunicationDisabled{ErrorModule::NIFM, 1111};
+
 class IScanRequest final : public ServiceFramework<IScanRequest> {
 public:
     explicit IScanRequest(Core::System& system_) : ServiceFramework{system_, "IScanRequest"} {
@@ -192,6 +195,10 @@ private:
     void Submit(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
         LOG_WARNING(Service_NIFM, "(STUBBED) called");
 
+        if (state == RequestState::NotSubmitted) {
+            UpdateState(RequestState::Pending);
+        }
+
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
         rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
     }
@@ -201,19 +208,32 @@ private:
 
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
         rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-
-        if (Network::GetHostIPv4Address().has_value()) {
-            rb.PushEnum(RequestState::Connected);
-        } else {
-            rb.PushEnum(RequestState::NotSubmitted);
-        }
+        rb.PushEnum(state);
     }
 
     void GetResult(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
         LOG_WARNING(Service_NIFM, "(STUBBED) called");
 
+        const auto result = [this] {
+            const auto has_connection = Network::GetHostIPv4Address().has_value();
+            switch (state) {
+            case RequestState::NotSubmitted:
+                return has_connection ? ResultSuccess : ResultNetworkCommunicationDisabled;
+            case RequestState::Pending:
+                if (has_connection) {
+                    UpdateState(RequestState::Connected);
+                } else {
+                    UpdateState(RequestState::Error);
+                }
+                return ResultPendingConnection;
+            case RequestState::Connected:
+            default:
+                return ResultSuccess;
+            }
+        }();
+
         IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
+        rb.Push(result);
     }
 
     void GetSystemEventReadableHandles(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -252,8 +272,15 @@ private:
         rb.Push<u32>(0);
     }
 
+    void UpdateState(RequestState new_state) {
+        state = new_state;
+        event1->Signal();
+    }
+
     KernelHelpers::ServiceContext service_context;
 
+    RequestState state;
+
     Kernel::KEvent* event1;
     Kernel::KEvent* event2;
 };
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/ns/iplatform_service_manager.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/ns/iplatform_service_manager.cpp
index fd047ff26..1fab2f0dd 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/ns/iplatform_service_manager.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/ns/iplatform_service_manager.cpp
@@ -279,13 +279,10 @@ void IPlatformServiceManager::GetSharedFontInOrderOfPriority(Kernel::HLERequestC
         font_sizes.push_back(region.size);
     }
 
-    // Resize buffers if game requests smaller size output.
-    font_codes.resize(
-        std::min<std::size_t>(font_codes.size(), ctx.GetWriteBufferSize(0) / sizeof(u32)));
-    font_offsets.resize(
-        std::min<std::size_t>(font_offsets.size(), ctx.GetWriteBufferSize(1) / sizeof(u32)));
-    font_sizes.resize(
-        std::min<std::size_t>(font_sizes.size(), ctx.GetWriteBufferSize(2) / sizeof(u32)));
+    // Resize buffers if game requests smaller size output
+    font_codes.resize(std::min(font_codes.size(), ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<u32>(0)));
+    font_offsets.resize(std::min(font_offsets.size(), ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<u32>(1)));
+    font_sizes.resize(std::min(font_sizes.size(), ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<u32>(2)));
 
     ctx.WriteBuffer(font_codes, 0);
     ctx.WriteBuffer(font_offsets, 1);
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/syncpoint_manager.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/syncpoint_manager.cpp
index eda2041a0..aba51d280 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/syncpoint_manager.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/syncpoint_manager.cpp
@@ -28,13 +28,15 @@ SyncpointManager::SyncpointManager(Tegra::Host1x::Host1x& host1x_) : host1x{host
 SyncpointManager::~SyncpointManager() = default;
 
 u32 SyncpointManager::ReserveSyncpoint(u32 id, bool client_managed) {
-    if (syncpoints.at(id).reserved) {
+    auto& syncpoint = syncpoints.at(id);
+
+    if (syncpoint.reserved) {
         ASSERT_MSG(false, "Requested syncpoint is in use");
         return 0;
     }
 
-    syncpoints.at(id).reserved = true;
-    syncpoints.at(id).interface_managed = client_managed;
+    syncpoint.reserved = true;
+    syncpoint.interface_managed = client_managed;
 
     return id;
 }
@@ -56,11 +58,12 @@ u32 SyncpointManager::AllocateSyncpoint(bool client_managed) {
 
 void SyncpointManager::FreeSyncpoint(u32 id) {
     std::lock_guard lock(reservation_lock);
-    ASSERT(syncpoints.at(id).reserved);
-    syncpoints.at(id).reserved = false;
+    auto& syncpoint = syncpoints.at(id);
+    ASSERT(syncpoint.reserved);
+    syncpoint.reserved = false;
 }
 
-bool SyncpointManager::IsSyncpointAllocated(u32 id) {
+bool SyncpointManager::IsSyncpointAllocated(u32 id) const {
     return (id <= SyncpointCount) && syncpoints[id].reserved;
 }
 
@@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ bool SyncpointManager::HasSyncpointExpired(u32 id, u32 threshold) const {
 
     if (!syncpoint.reserved) {
         ASSERT(false);
-        return 0;
+        return false;
     }
 
     // If the interface manages counters then we don't keep track of the maximum value as it handles
@@ -82,40 +85,51 @@ bool SyncpointManager::HasSyncpointExpired(u32 id, u32 threshold) const {
 }
 
 u32 SyncpointManager::IncrementSyncpointMaxExt(u32 id, u32 amount) {
-    if (!syncpoints.at(id).reserved) {
+    auto& syncpoint = syncpoints.at(id);
+
+    if (!syncpoint.reserved) {
         ASSERT(false);
         return 0;
     }
 
-    return syncpoints.at(id).counter_max += amount;
+    return syncpoint.counter_max += amount;
 }
 
 u32 SyncpointManager::ReadSyncpointMinValue(u32 id) {
-    if (!syncpoints.at(id).reserved) {
+    auto& syncpoint = syncpoints.at(id);
+
+    if (!syncpoint.reserved) {
         ASSERT(false);
         return 0;
     }
 
-    return syncpoints.at(id).counter_min;
+    return syncpoint.counter_min;
 }
 
 u32 SyncpointManager::UpdateMin(u32 id) {
-    if (!syncpoints.at(id).reserved) {
+    auto& syncpoint = syncpoints.at(id);
+
+    if (!syncpoint.reserved) {
         ASSERT(false);
         return 0;
     }
 
-    syncpoints.at(id).counter_min = host1x.GetSyncpointManager().GetHostSyncpointValue(id);
-    return syncpoints.at(id).counter_min;
+    syncpoint.counter_min = host1x.GetSyncpointManager().GetHostSyncpointValue(id);
+    return syncpoint.counter_min;
 }
 
 NvFence SyncpointManager::GetSyncpointFence(u32 id) {
-    if (!syncpoints.at(id).reserved) {
+    auto& syncpoint = syncpoints.at(id);
+
+    if (!syncpoint.reserved) {
         ASSERT(false);
         return NvFence{};
     }
 
-    return {.id = static_cast<s32>(id), .value = syncpoints.at(id).counter_max};
+    return {
+        .id = static_cast<s32>(id),
+        .value = syncpoint.counter_max,
+    };
 }
 
 } // namespace Service::Nvidia::NvCore
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/syncpoint_manager.h b/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/syncpoint_manager.h
index b76ef9032..4f2cefae5 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/syncpoint_manager.h
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/syncpoint_manager.h
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public:
     /**
      * @brief Checks if the given syncpoint is both allocated and below the number of HW syncpoints
      */
-    bool IsSyncpointAllocated(u32 id);
+    bool IsSyncpointAllocated(u32 id) const;
 
     /**
      * @brief Finds a free syncpoint and reserves it
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.cpp
index 9f4c7c99a..6fc8565c0 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/nvdrv.cpp
@@ -55,48 +55,40 @@ void InstallInterfaces(SM::ServiceManager& service_manager, NVFlinger::NVFlinger
 Module::Module(Core::System& system)
     : container{system.Host1x()}, service_context{system, "nvdrv"}, events_interface{*this} {
     builders["/dev/nvhost-as-gpu"] = [this, &system](DeviceFD fd) {
-        std::shared_ptr<Devices::nvdevice> device =
-            std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_as_gpu>(system, *this, container);
-        return open_files.emplace(fd, device).first;
+        auto device = std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_as_gpu>(system, *this, container);
+        return open_files.emplace(fd, std::move(device)).first;
     };
     builders["/dev/nvhost-gpu"] = [this, &system](DeviceFD fd) {
-        std::shared_ptr<Devices::nvdevice> device =
-            std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_gpu>(system, events_interface, container);
-        return open_files.emplace(fd, device).first;
+        auto device = std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_gpu>(system, events_interface, container);
+        return open_files.emplace(fd, std::move(device)).first;
     };
     builders["/dev/nvhost-ctrl-gpu"] = [this, &system](DeviceFD fd) {
-        std::shared_ptr<Devices::nvdevice> device =
-            std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_ctrl_gpu>(system, events_interface);
-        return open_files.emplace(fd, device).first;
+        auto device = std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_ctrl_gpu>(system, events_interface);
+        return open_files.emplace(fd, std::move(device)).first;
     };
     builders["/dev/nvmap"] = [this, &system](DeviceFD fd) {
-        std::shared_ptr<Devices::nvdevice> device =
-            std::make_shared<Devices::nvmap>(system, container);
-        return open_files.emplace(fd, device).first;
+        auto device = std::make_shared<Devices::nvmap>(system, container);
+        return open_files.emplace(fd, std::move(device)).first;
     };
     builders["/dev/nvdisp_disp0"] = [this, &system](DeviceFD fd) {
-        std::shared_ptr<Devices::nvdevice> device =
-            std::make_shared<Devices::nvdisp_disp0>(system, container);
-        return open_files.emplace(fd, device).first;
+        auto device = std::make_shared<Devices::nvdisp_disp0>(system, container);
+        return open_files.emplace(fd, std::move(device)).first;
     };
     builders["/dev/nvhost-ctrl"] = [this, &system](DeviceFD fd) {
-        std::shared_ptr<Devices::nvdevice> device =
-            std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_ctrl>(system, events_interface, container);
-        return open_files.emplace(fd, device).first;
+        auto device = std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_ctrl>(system, events_interface, container);
+        return open_files.emplace(fd, std::move(device)).first;
     };
     builders["/dev/nvhost-nvdec"] = [this, &system](DeviceFD fd) {
-        std::shared_ptr<Devices::nvdevice> device =
-            std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_nvdec>(system, container);
-        return open_files.emplace(fd, device).first;
+        auto device = std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_nvdec>(system, container);
+        return open_files.emplace(fd, std::move(device)).first;
     };
     builders["/dev/nvhost-nvjpg"] = [this, &system](DeviceFD fd) {
-        std::shared_ptr<Devices::nvdevice> device = std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_nvjpg>(system);
-        return open_files.emplace(fd, device).first;
+        auto device = std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_nvjpg>(system);
+        return open_files.emplace(fd, std::move(device)).first;
     };
     builders["/dev/nvhost-vic"] = [this, &system](DeviceFD fd) {
-        std::shared_ptr<Devices::nvdevice> device =
-            std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_vic>(system, container);
-        return open_files.emplace(fd, device).first;
+        auto device = std::make_shared<Devices::nvhost_vic>(system, container);
+        return open_files.emplace(fd, std::move(device)).first;
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_item_consumer.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_item_consumer.cpp
index 6d2c92a2c..152bb5bdf 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_item_consumer.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_item_consumer.cpp
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Status BufferItemConsumer::AcquireBuffer(BufferItem* item, std::chrono::nanoseco
     return Status::NoError;
 }
 
-Status BufferItemConsumer::ReleaseBuffer(const BufferItem& item, Fence& release_fence) {
+Status BufferItemConsumer::ReleaseBuffer(const BufferItem& item, const Fence& release_fence) {
     std::scoped_lock lock{mutex};
 
     if (const auto status = AddReleaseFenceLocked(item.buf, item.graphic_buffer, release_fence);
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_item_consumer.h b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_item_consumer.h
index 69046233d..a5c655d9e 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_item_consumer.h
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_item_consumer.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public:
     explicit BufferItemConsumer(std::unique_ptr<BufferQueueConsumer> consumer);
     Status AcquireBuffer(BufferItem* item, std::chrono::nanoseconds present_when,
                          bool wait_for_fence = true);
-    Status ReleaseBuffer(const BufferItem& item, Fence& release_fence);
+    Status ReleaseBuffer(const BufferItem& item, const Fence& release_fence);
 };
 
 } // namespace Service::android
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_queue_consumer.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_queue_consumer.cpp
index 1ce67c771..0767e548d 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_queue_consumer.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_queue_consumer.cpp
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ Status BufferQueueConsumer::Connect(std::shared_ptr<IConsumerListener> consumer_
         return Status::NoInit;
     }
 
-    core->consumer_listener = consumer_listener;
+    core->consumer_listener = std::move(consumer_listener);
     core->consumer_controlled_by_app = controlled_by_app;
 
     return Status::NoError;
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/consumer_base.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/consumer_base.cpp
index 5b9995854..982531e2d 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/consumer_base.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/consumer_base.cpp
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Status ConsumerBase::AcquireBufferLocked(BufferItem* item, std::chrono::nanoseco
 }
 
 Status ConsumerBase::AddReleaseFenceLocked(s32 slot,
-                                           const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer> graphic_buffer,
+                                           const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer>& graphic_buffer,
                                            const Fence& fence) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVFlinger, "slot={}", slot);
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ Status ConsumerBase::AddReleaseFenceLocked(s32 slot,
 }
 
 Status ConsumerBase::ReleaseBufferLocked(s32 slot,
-                                         const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer> graphic_buffer) {
+                                         const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer>& graphic_buffer) {
     // If consumer no longer tracks this graphic_buffer (we received a new
     // buffer on the same slot), the buffer producer is definitely no longer
     // tracking it.
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ Status ConsumerBase::ReleaseBufferLocked(s32 slot,
 }
 
 bool ConsumerBase::StillTracking(s32 slot,
-                                 const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer> graphic_buffer) const {
+                                 const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer>& graphic_buffer) const {
     if (slot < 0 || slot >= BufferQueueDefs::NUM_BUFFER_SLOTS) {
         return false;
     }
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/consumer_base.h b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/consumer_base.h
index 90ba07f45..9a8a5f6bb 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/consumer_base.h
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/consumer_base.h
@@ -27,18 +27,18 @@ public:
 
 protected:
     explicit ConsumerBase(std::unique_ptr<BufferQueueConsumer> consumer_);
-    virtual ~ConsumerBase();
+    ~ConsumerBase() override;
 
-    virtual void OnFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& item) override;
-    virtual void OnFrameReplaced(const BufferItem& item) override;
-    virtual void OnBuffersReleased() override;
-    virtual void OnSidebandStreamChanged() override;
+    void OnFrameAvailable(const BufferItem& item) override;
+    void OnFrameReplaced(const BufferItem& item) override;
+    void OnBuffersReleased() override;
+    void OnSidebandStreamChanged() override;
 
     void FreeBufferLocked(s32 slot_index);
     Status AcquireBufferLocked(BufferItem* item, std::chrono::nanoseconds present_when);
-    Status ReleaseBufferLocked(s32 slot, const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer> graphic_buffer);
-    bool StillTracking(s32 slot, const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer> graphic_buffer) const;
-    Status AddReleaseFenceLocked(s32 slot, const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer> graphic_buffer,
+    Status ReleaseBufferLocked(s32 slot, const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer>& graphic_buffer);
+    bool StillTracking(s32 slot, const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer>& graphic_buffer) const;
+    Status AddReleaseFenceLocked(s32 slot, const std::shared_ptr<GraphicBuffer>& graphic_buffer,
                                  const Fence& fence);
 
     struct Slot final {
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/nvflinger.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/nvflinger.cpp
index c3af12c90..d1cbadde4 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/nvflinger.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/nvflinger.cpp
@@ -307,8 +307,7 @@ void NVFlinger::Compose() {
 
         swap_interval = buffer.swap_interval;
 
-        auto fence = android::Fence::NoFence();
-        layer.GetConsumer().ReleaseBuffer(buffer, fence);
+        layer.GetConsumer().ReleaseBuffer(buffer, android::Fence::NoFence());
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/producer_listener.h b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/producer_listener.h
index 1c4d5db0e..6bf8aaf1e 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/producer_listener.h
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/producer_listener.h
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ namespace Service::android {
 
 class IProducerListener {
 public:
+    virtual ~IProducerListener() = default;
     virtual void OnBufferReleased() = 0;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/set/set.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/set/set.cpp
index f761c2da4..4f1a8d6b7 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/set/set.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/set/set.cpp
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ void PushResponseLanguageCode(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx, std::size_t num_la
 }
 
 void GetAvailableLanguageCodesImpl(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx, std::size_t max_entries) {
-    const std::size_t requested_amount = ctx.GetWriteBufferSize() / sizeof(LanguageCode);
+    const std::size_t requested_amount = ctx.GetWriteBufferNumElements<LanguageCode>();
     const std::size_t max_amount = std::min(requested_amount, max_entries);
     const std::size_t copy_amount = std::min(available_language_codes.size(), max_amount);
     const std::size_t copy_size = copy_amount * sizeof(LanguageCode);
diff --git a/src/input_common/CMakeLists.txt b/src/input_common/CMakeLists.txt
index cc6f0ffc0..193127d0a 100644
--- a/src/input_common/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/input_common/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -55,7 +55,11 @@ if (ENABLE_SDL2)
         drivers/sdl_driver.cpp
         drivers/sdl_driver.h
     )
-    target_link_libraries(input_common PRIVATE SDL2)
+    if (YUZU_USE_EXTERNAL_SDL2)
+        target_link_libraries(input_common PRIVATE SDL2-static)
+    else()
+        target_link_libraries(input_common PRIVATE SDL2)
+    endif()
     target_compile_definitions(input_common PRIVATE HAVE_SDL2)
 endif()
 
diff --git a/src/input_common/drivers/sdl_driver.cpp b/src/input_common/drivers/sdl_driver.cpp
index 45ce588f0..8de86b61e 100644
--- a/src/input_common/drivers/sdl_driver.cpp
+++ b/src/input_common/drivers/sdl_driver.cpp
@@ -361,6 +361,12 @@ void SDLDriver::CloseJoystick(SDL_Joystick* sdl_joystick) {
     }
 }
 
+void SDLDriver::PumpEvents() const {
+    if (initialized) {
+        SDL_PumpEvents();
+    }
+}
+
 void SDLDriver::HandleGameControllerEvent(const SDL_Event& event) {
     switch (event.type) {
     case SDL_JOYBUTTONUP: {
@@ -451,14 +457,6 @@ SDLDriver::SDLDriver(std::string input_engine_) : InputEngine(std::move(input_en
 
     initialized = true;
     if (start_thread) {
-        poll_thread = std::thread([this] {
-            Common::SetCurrentThreadName("SDL_MainLoop");
-            using namespace std::chrono_literals;
-            while (initialized) {
-                SDL_PumpEvents();
-                std::this_thread::sleep_for(1ms);
-            }
-        });
         vibration_thread = std::thread([this] {
             Common::SetCurrentThreadName("SDL_Vibration");
             using namespace std::chrono_literals;
@@ -481,7 +479,6 @@ SDLDriver::~SDLDriver() {
 
     initialized = false;
     if (start_thread) {
-        poll_thread.join();
         vibration_thread.join();
         SDL_QuitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK | SDL_INIT_GAMECONTROLLER);
     }
diff --git a/src/input_common/drivers/sdl_driver.h b/src/input_common/drivers/sdl_driver.h
index d1b4471cf..366bcc496 100644
--- a/src/input_common/drivers/sdl_driver.h
+++ b/src/input_common/drivers/sdl_driver.h
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ public:
     /// Unregisters SDL device factories and shut them down.
     ~SDLDriver() override;
 
+    void PumpEvents() const;
+
     /// Handle SDL_Events for joysticks from SDL_PollEvent
     void HandleGameControllerEvent(const SDL_Event& event);
 
@@ -128,7 +130,6 @@ private:
     bool start_thread = false;
     std::atomic<bool> initialized = false;
 
-    std::thread poll_thread;
     std::thread vibration_thread;
 };
 } // namespace InputCommon
diff --git a/src/input_common/helpers/stick_from_buttons.cpp b/src/input_common/helpers/stick_from_buttons.cpp
index 536d413a5..82aa6ac2f 100644
--- a/src/input_common/helpers/stick_from_buttons.cpp
+++ b/src/input_common/helpers/stick_from_buttons.cpp
@@ -294,6 +294,15 @@ public:
     }
 
 private:
+    static constexpr Common::Input::AnalogProperties properties{
+        .deadzone = 0.0f,
+        .range = 1.0f,
+        .threshold = 0.5f,
+        .offset = 0.0f,
+        .inverted = false,
+        .toggle = false,
+    };
+
     Button up;
     Button down;
     Button left;
@@ -311,23 +320,17 @@ private:
     float last_x_axis_value{};
     float last_y_axis_value{};
     Common::Input::ButtonStatus modifier_status{};
-    const Common::Input::AnalogProperties properties{0.0f, 1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, false};
     std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> last_update;
 };
 
 std::unique_ptr<Common::Input::InputDevice> StickFromButton::Create(
     const Common::ParamPackage& params) {
     const std::string null_engine = Common::ParamPackage{{"engine", "null"}}.Serialize();
-    auto up = Common::Input::CreateDeviceFromString<Common::Input::InputDevice>(
-        params.Get("up", null_engine));
-    auto down = Common::Input::CreateDeviceFromString<Common::Input::InputDevice>(
-        params.Get("down", null_engine));
-    auto left = Common::Input::CreateDeviceFromString<Common::Input::InputDevice>(
-        params.Get("left", null_engine));
-    auto right = Common::Input::CreateDeviceFromString<Common::Input::InputDevice>(
-        params.Get("right", null_engine));
-    auto modifier = Common::Input::CreateDeviceFromString<Common::Input::InputDevice>(
-        params.Get("modifier", null_engine));
+    auto up = Common::Input::CreateInputDeviceFromString(params.Get("up", null_engine));
+    auto down = Common::Input::CreateInputDeviceFromString(params.Get("down", null_engine));
+    auto left = Common::Input::CreateInputDeviceFromString(params.Get("left", null_engine));
+    auto right = Common::Input::CreateInputDeviceFromString(params.Get("right", null_engine));
+    auto modifier = Common::Input::CreateInputDeviceFromString(params.Get("modifier", null_engine));
     auto modifier_scale = params.Get("modifier_scale", 0.5f);
     auto modifier_angle = params.Get("modifier_angle", 5.5f);
     return std::make_unique<Stick>(std::move(up), std::move(down), std::move(left),
diff --git a/src/input_common/helpers/touch_from_buttons.cpp b/src/input_common/helpers/touch_from_buttons.cpp
index 003a38da5..e064b13d9 100644
--- a/src/input_common/helpers/touch_from_buttons.cpp
+++ b/src/input_common/helpers/touch_from_buttons.cpp
@@ -59,18 +59,25 @@ public:
     }
 
 private:
+    static constexpr Common::Input::AnalogProperties properties{
+        .deadzone = 0.0f,
+        .range = 1.0f,
+        .threshold = 0.5f,
+        .offset = 0.0f,
+        .inverted = false,
+        .toggle = false,
+    };
+
     Button button;
     bool last_button_value;
     const float x;
     const float y;
-    const Common::Input::AnalogProperties properties{0.0f, 1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, false};
 };
 
 std::unique_ptr<Common::Input::InputDevice> TouchFromButton::Create(
     const Common::ParamPackage& params) {
     const std::string null_engine = Common::ParamPackage{{"engine", "null"}}.Serialize();
-    auto button = Common::Input::CreateDeviceFromString<Common::Input::InputDevice>(
-        params.Get("button", null_engine));
+    auto button = Common::Input::CreateInputDeviceFromString(params.Get("button", null_engine));
     const float x = params.Get("x", 0.0f) / 1280.0f;
     const float y = params.Get("y", 0.0f) / 720.0f;
     return std::make_unique<TouchFromButtonDevice>(std::move(button), x, y);
diff --git a/src/input_common/main.cpp b/src/input_common/main.cpp
index b2064ef95..942a13535 100644
--- a/src/input_common/main.cpp
+++ b/src/input_common/main.cpp
@@ -33,119 +33,113 @@ struct InputSubsystem::Impl {
         keyboard->SetMappingCallback(mapping_callback);
         keyboard_factory = std::make_shared<InputFactory>(keyboard);
         keyboard_output_factory = std::make_shared<OutputFactory>(keyboard);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(keyboard->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                   keyboard_factory);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(keyboard->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                    keyboard_output_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterInputFactory(keyboard->GetEngineName(), keyboard_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterOutputFactory(keyboard->GetEngineName(), keyboard_output_factory);
 
         mouse = std::make_shared<Mouse>("mouse");
         mouse->SetMappingCallback(mapping_callback);
         mouse_factory = std::make_shared<InputFactory>(mouse);
         mouse_output_factory = std::make_shared<OutputFactory>(mouse);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(mouse->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                   mouse_factory);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(mouse->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                    mouse_output_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterInputFactory(mouse->GetEngineName(), mouse_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterOutputFactory(mouse->GetEngineName(), mouse_output_factory);
 
         touch_screen = std::make_shared<TouchScreen>("touch");
         touch_screen_factory = std::make_shared<InputFactory>(touch_screen);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(touch_screen->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                   touch_screen_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterInputFactory(touch_screen->GetEngineName(), touch_screen_factory);
 
         gcadapter = std::make_shared<GCAdapter>("gcpad");
         gcadapter->SetMappingCallback(mapping_callback);
         gcadapter_input_factory = std::make_shared<InputFactory>(gcadapter);
         gcadapter_output_factory = std::make_shared<OutputFactory>(gcadapter);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(gcadapter->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                   gcadapter_input_factory);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(gcadapter->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                    gcadapter_output_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterInputFactory(gcadapter->GetEngineName(), gcadapter_input_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterOutputFactory(gcadapter->GetEngineName(), gcadapter_output_factory);
 
         udp_client = std::make_shared<CemuhookUDP::UDPClient>("cemuhookudp");
         udp_client->SetMappingCallback(mapping_callback);
         udp_client_input_factory = std::make_shared<InputFactory>(udp_client);
         udp_client_output_factory = std::make_shared<OutputFactory>(udp_client);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(udp_client->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                   udp_client_input_factory);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(udp_client->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                    udp_client_output_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterInputFactory(udp_client->GetEngineName(), udp_client_input_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterOutputFactory(udp_client->GetEngineName(),
+                                             udp_client_output_factory);
 
         tas_input = std::make_shared<TasInput::Tas>("tas");
         tas_input->SetMappingCallback(mapping_callback);
         tas_input_factory = std::make_shared<InputFactory>(tas_input);
         tas_output_factory = std::make_shared<OutputFactory>(tas_input);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(tas_input->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                   tas_input_factory);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(tas_input->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                    tas_output_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterInputFactory(tas_input->GetEngineName(), tas_input_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterOutputFactory(tas_input->GetEngineName(), tas_output_factory);
 
         camera = std::make_shared<Camera>("camera");
         camera->SetMappingCallback(mapping_callback);
         camera_input_factory = std::make_shared<InputFactory>(camera);
         camera_output_factory = std::make_shared<OutputFactory>(camera);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(camera->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                   camera_input_factory);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(camera->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                    camera_output_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterInputFactory(camera->GetEngineName(), camera_input_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterOutputFactory(camera->GetEngineName(), camera_output_factory);
 
         virtual_amiibo = std::make_shared<VirtualAmiibo>("virtual_amiibo");
         virtual_amiibo->SetMappingCallback(mapping_callback);
         virtual_amiibo_input_factory = std::make_shared<InputFactory>(virtual_amiibo);
         virtual_amiibo_output_factory = std::make_shared<OutputFactory>(virtual_amiibo);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(virtual_amiibo->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                   virtual_amiibo_input_factory);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(virtual_amiibo->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                    virtual_amiibo_output_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterInputFactory(virtual_amiibo->GetEngineName(),
+                                            virtual_amiibo_input_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterOutputFactory(virtual_amiibo->GetEngineName(),
+                                             virtual_amiibo_output_factory);
 
 #ifdef HAVE_SDL2
         sdl = std::make_shared<SDLDriver>("sdl");
         sdl->SetMappingCallback(mapping_callback);
         sdl_input_factory = std::make_shared<InputFactory>(sdl);
         sdl_output_factory = std::make_shared<OutputFactory>(sdl);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(sdl->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                   sdl_input_factory);
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(sdl->GetEngineName(),
-                                                                    sdl_output_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterInputFactory(sdl->GetEngineName(), sdl_input_factory);
+        Common::Input::RegisterOutputFactory(sdl->GetEngineName(), sdl_output_factory);
 #endif
 
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(
-            "touch_from_button", std::make_shared<TouchFromButton>());
-        Common::Input::RegisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(
-            "analog_from_button", std::make_shared<StickFromButton>());
+        Common::Input::RegisterInputFactory("touch_from_button",
+                                            std::make_shared<TouchFromButton>());
+        Common::Input::RegisterInputFactory("analog_from_button",
+                                            std::make_shared<StickFromButton>());
     }
 
     void Shutdown() {
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(keyboard->GetEngineName());
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(keyboard->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterInputFactory(keyboard->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterOutputFactory(keyboard->GetEngineName());
         keyboard.reset();
 
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(mouse->GetEngineName());
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(mouse->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterInputFactory(mouse->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterOutputFactory(mouse->GetEngineName());
         mouse.reset();
 
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(touch_screen->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterInputFactory(touch_screen->GetEngineName());
         touch_screen.reset();
 
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(gcadapter->GetEngineName());
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(gcadapter->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterInputFactory(gcadapter->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterOutputFactory(gcadapter->GetEngineName());
         gcadapter.reset();
 
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(udp_client->GetEngineName());
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(udp_client->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterInputFactory(udp_client->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterOutputFactory(udp_client->GetEngineName());
         udp_client.reset();
 
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(tas_input->GetEngineName());
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(tas_input->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterInputFactory(tas_input->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterOutputFactory(tas_input->GetEngineName());
         tas_input.reset();
 
+        Common::Input::UnregisterInputFactory(camera->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterOutputFactory(camera->GetEngineName());
+        camera.reset();
+
+        Common::Input::UnregisterInputFactory(virtual_amiibo->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterOutputFactory(virtual_amiibo->GetEngineName());
+        virtual_amiibo.reset();
+
 #ifdef HAVE_SDL2
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>(sdl->GetEngineName());
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::OutputDevice>(sdl->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterInputFactory(sdl->GetEngineName());
+        Common::Input::UnregisterOutputFactory(sdl->GetEngineName());
         sdl.reset();
 #endif
 
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>("touch_from_button");
-        Common::Input::UnregisterFactory<Common::Input::InputDevice>("analog_from_button");
+        Common::Input::UnregisterInputFactory("touch_from_button");
+        Common::Input::UnregisterInputFactory("analog_from_button");
     }
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::vector<Common::ParamPackage> GetInputDevices() const {
@@ -324,6 +318,12 @@ struct InputSubsystem::Impl {
 #endif
     }
 
+    void PumpEvents() const {
+#ifdef HAVE_SDL2
+        sdl->PumpEvents();
+#endif
+    }
+
     void RegisterInput(const MappingData& data) {
         mapping_factory->RegisterInput(data);
     }
@@ -472,6 +472,10 @@ void InputSubsystem::StopMapping() const {
     impl->mapping_factory->StopMapping();
 }
 
+void InputSubsystem::PumpEvents() const {
+    impl->PumpEvents();
+}
+
 std::string GenerateKeyboardParam(int key_code) {
     Common::ParamPackage param;
     param.Set("engine", "keyboard");
diff --git a/src/input_common/main.h b/src/input_common/main.h
index ced252383..6218c37f6 100644
--- a/src/input_common/main.h
+++ b/src/input_common/main.h
@@ -147,6 +147,9 @@ public:
     /// Stop polling from all backends.
     void StopMapping() const;
 
+    /// Signals SDL driver for new input events
+    void PumpEvents() const;
+
 private:
     struct Impl;
     std::unique_ptr<Impl> impl;
diff --git a/src/shader_recompiler/CMakeLists.txt b/src/shader_recompiler/CMakeLists.txt
index 545d69c7e..8cd584154 100644
--- a/src/shader_recompiler/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/shader_recompiler/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -221,6 +221,7 @@ add_library(shader_recompiler STATIC
     ir_opt/dual_vertex_pass.cpp
     ir_opt/global_memory_to_storage_buffer_pass.cpp
     ir_opt/identity_removal_pass.cpp
+    ir_opt/layer_pass.cpp
     ir_opt/lower_fp16_to_fp32.cpp
     ir_opt/lower_int64_to_int32.cpp
     ir_opt/passes.h
diff --git a/src/shader_recompiler/frontend/maxwell/translate_program.cpp b/src/shader_recompiler/frontend/maxwell/translate_program.cpp
index 376aae0ea..3adbd2b16 100644
--- a/src/shader_recompiler/frontend/maxwell/translate_program.cpp
+++ b/src/shader_recompiler/frontend/maxwell/translate_program.cpp
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "shader_recompiler/exception.h"
 #include "shader_recompiler/frontend/ir/basic_block.h"
+#include "shader_recompiler/frontend/ir/ir_emitter.h"
 #include "shader_recompiler/frontend/ir/post_order.h"
 #include "shader_recompiler/frontend/maxwell/structured_control_flow.h"
 #include "shader_recompiler/frontend/maxwell/translate/translate.h"
@@ -233,6 +234,8 @@ IR::Program TranslateProgram(ObjectPool<IR::Inst>& inst_pool, ObjectPool<IR::Blo
         Optimization::VerificationPass(program);
     }
     Optimization::CollectShaderInfoPass(env, program);
+    Optimization::LayerPass(program, host_info);
+
     CollectInterpolationInfo(env, program);
     AddNVNStorageBuffers(program);
     return program;
@@ -331,4 +334,82 @@ void ConvertLegacyToGeneric(IR::Program& program, const Shader::RuntimeInfo& run
     }
 }
 
+IR::Program GenerateGeometryPassthrough(ObjectPool<IR::Inst>& inst_pool,
+                                        ObjectPool<IR::Block>& block_pool,
+                                        const HostTranslateInfo& host_info,
+                                        IR::Program& source_program,
+                                        Shader::OutputTopology output_topology) {
+    IR::Program program;
+    program.stage = Stage::Geometry;
+    program.output_topology = output_topology;
+    switch (output_topology) {
+    case OutputTopology::PointList:
+        program.output_vertices = 1;
+        break;
+    case OutputTopology::LineStrip:
+        program.output_vertices = 2;
+        break;
+    default:
+        program.output_vertices = 3;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    program.is_geometry_passthrough = false;
+    program.info.loads.mask = source_program.info.stores.mask;
+    program.info.stores.mask = source_program.info.stores.mask;
+    program.info.stores.Set(IR::Attribute::Layer, true);
+    program.info.stores.Set(source_program.info.emulated_layer, false);
+
+    IR::Block* current_block = block_pool.Create(inst_pool);
+    auto& node{program.syntax_list.emplace_back()};
+    node.type = IR::AbstractSyntaxNode::Type::Block;
+    node.data.block = current_block;
+
+    IR::IREmitter ir{*current_block};
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < program.output_vertices; i++) {
+        // Assign generics from input
+        for (u32 j = 0; j < 32; j++) {
+            if (!program.info.stores.Generic(j)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            const IR::Attribute attr = IR::Attribute::Generic0X + (j * 4);
+            ir.SetAttribute(attr + 0, ir.GetAttribute(attr + 0, ir.Imm32(i)), ir.Imm32(0));
+            ir.SetAttribute(attr + 1, ir.GetAttribute(attr + 1, ir.Imm32(i)), ir.Imm32(0));
+            ir.SetAttribute(attr + 2, ir.GetAttribute(attr + 2, ir.Imm32(i)), ir.Imm32(0));
+            ir.SetAttribute(attr + 3, ir.GetAttribute(attr + 3, ir.Imm32(i)), ir.Imm32(0));
+        }
+
+        // Assign position from input
+        const IR::Attribute attr = IR::Attribute::PositionX;
+        ir.SetAttribute(attr + 0, ir.GetAttribute(attr + 0, ir.Imm32(i)), ir.Imm32(0));
+        ir.SetAttribute(attr + 1, ir.GetAttribute(attr + 1, ir.Imm32(i)), ir.Imm32(0));
+        ir.SetAttribute(attr + 2, ir.GetAttribute(attr + 2, ir.Imm32(i)), ir.Imm32(0));
+        ir.SetAttribute(attr + 3, ir.GetAttribute(attr + 3, ir.Imm32(i)), ir.Imm32(0));
+
+        // Assign layer
+        ir.SetAttribute(IR::Attribute::Layer, ir.GetAttribute(source_program.info.emulated_layer),
+                        ir.Imm32(0));
+
+        // Emit vertex
+        ir.EmitVertex(ir.Imm32(0));
+    }
+    ir.EndPrimitive(ir.Imm32(0));
+
+    IR::Block* return_block{block_pool.Create(inst_pool)};
+    IR::IREmitter{*return_block}.Epilogue();
+    current_block->AddBranch(return_block);
+
+    auto& merge{program.syntax_list.emplace_back()};
+    merge.type = IR::AbstractSyntaxNode::Type::Block;
+    merge.data.block = return_block;
+    program.syntax_list.emplace_back().type = IR::AbstractSyntaxNode::Type::Return;
+
+    program.blocks = GenerateBlocks(program.syntax_list);
+    program.post_order_blocks = PostOrder(program.syntax_list.front());
+    Optimization::SsaRewritePass(program);
+
+    return program;
+}
+
 } // namespace Shader::Maxwell
diff --git a/src/shader_recompiler/frontend/maxwell/translate_program.h b/src/shader_recompiler/frontend/maxwell/translate_program.h
index 02ede8c9c..497afe7cb 100644
--- a/src/shader_recompiler/frontend/maxwell/translate_program.h
+++ b/src/shader_recompiler/frontend/maxwell/translate_program.h
@@ -25,4 +25,13 @@ namespace Shader::Maxwell {
 
 void ConvertLegacyToGeneric(IR::Program& program, const RuntimeInfo& runtime_info);
 
+// Maxwell v1 and older Nvidia cards don't support setting gl_Layer from non-geometry stages.
+// This creates a workaround by setting the layer as a generic output and creating a
+// passthrough geometry shader that reads the generic and sets the layer.
+[[nodiscard]] IR::Program GenerateGeometryPassthrough(ObjectPool<IR::Inst>& inst_pool,
+                                                      ObjectPool<IR::Block>& block_pool,
+                                                      const HostTranslateInfo& host_info,
+                                                      IR::Program& source_program,
+                                                      Shader::OutputTopology output_topology);
+
 } // namespace Shader::Maxwell
diff --git a/src/shader_recompiler/host_translate_info.h b/src/shader_recompiler/host_translate_info.h
index cc1500690..d5d279554 100644
--- a/src/shader_recompiler/host_translate_info.h
+++ b/src/shader_recompiler/host_translate_info.h
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ struct HostTranslateInfo {
     bool support_float16{};      ///< True when the device supports 16-bit floats
     bool support_int64{};        ///< True when the device supports 64-bit integers
     bool needs_demote_reorder{}; ///< True when the device needs DemoteToHelperInvocation reordered
-    bool support_snorm_render_buffer{}; ///< True when the device supports SNORM render buffers
+    bool support_snorm_render_buffer{};  ///< True when the device supports SNORM render buffers
+    bool support_viewport_index_layer{}; ///< True when the device supports gl_Layer in VS
 };
 
 } // namespace Shader
diff --git a/src/shader_recompiler/ir_opt/layer_pass.cpp b/src/shader_recompiler/ir_opt/layer_pass.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4574f7cf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/shader_recompiler/ir_opt/layer_pass.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <bit>
+#include <optional>
+
+#include <boost/container/small_vector.hpp>
+
+#include "shader_recompiler/environment.h"
+#include "shader_recompiler/frontend/ir/basic_block.h"
+#include "shader_recompiler/frontend/ir/breadth_first_search.h"
+#include "shader_recompiler/frontend/ir/ir_emitter.h"
+#include "shader_recompiler/host_translate_info.h"
+#include "shader_recompiler/ir_opt/passes.h"
+#include "shader_recompiler/shader_info.h"
+
+namespace Shader::Optimization {
+
+static IR::Attribute EmulatedLayerAttribute(VaryingState& stores) {
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+        if (!stores.Generic(i)) {
+            return IR::Attribute::Generic0X + (i * 4);
+        }
+    }
+    return IR::Attribute::Layer;
+}
+
+static bool PermittedProgramStage(Stage stage) {
+    switch (stage) {
+    case Stage::VertexA:
+    case Stage::VertexB:
+    case Stage::TessellationControl:
+    case Stage::TessellationEval:
+        return true;
+    default:
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+void LayerPass(IR::Program& program, const HostTranslateInfo& host_info) {
+    if (host_info.support_viewport_index_layer || !PermittedProgramStage(program.stage)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const auto end{program.post_order_blocks.end()};
+    const auto layer_attribute = EmulatedLayerAttribute(program.info.stores);
+    bool requires_layer_emulation = false;
+
+    for (auto block = program.post_order_blocks.begin(); block != end; ++block) {
+        for (IR::Inst& inst : (*block)->Instructions()) {
+            if (inst.GetOpcode() == IR::Opcode::SetAttribute &&
+                inst.Arg(0).Attribute() == IR::Attribute::Layer) {
+                requires_layer_emulation = true;
+                inst.SetArg(0, IR::Value{layer_attribute});
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (requires_layer_emulation) {
+        program.info.requires_layer_emulation = true;
+        program.info.emulated_layer = layer_attribute;
+        program.info.stores.Set(IR::Attribute::Layer, false);
+        program.info.stores.Set(layer_attribute, true);
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace Shader::Optimization
diff --git a/src/shader_recompiler/ir_opt/passes.h b/src/shader_recompiler/ir_opt/passes.h
index 586a0668f..11bfe801a 100644
--- a/src/shader_recompiler/ir_opt/passes.h
+++ b/src/shader_recompiler/ir_opt/passes.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ void RescalingPass(IR::Program& program);
 void SsaRewritePass(IR::Program& program);
 void PositionPass(Environment& env, IR::Program& program);
 void TexturePass(Environment& env, IR::Program& program, const HostTranslateInfo& host_info);
+void LayerPass(IR::Program& program, const HostTranslateInfo& host_info);
 void VerificationPass(const IR::Program& program);
 
 // Dual Vertex
diff --git a/src/shader_recompiler/shader_info.h b/src/shader_recompiler/shader_info.h
index ee6252bb5..d9c6e92db 100644
--- a/src/shader_recompiler/shader_info.h
+++ b/src/shader_recompiler/shader_info.h
@@ -204,6 +204,9 @@ struct Info {
     u32 nvn_buffer_base{};
     std::bitset<16> nvn_buffer_used{};
 
+    bool requires_layer_emulation{};
+    IR::Attribute emulated_layer{};
+
     boost::container::static_vector<ConstantBufferDescriptor, MAX_CBUFS>
         constant_buffer_descriptors;
     boost::container::static_vector<StorageBufferDescriptor, MAX_SSBOS> storage_buffers_descriptors;
diff --git a/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt b/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
index d7f7d336c..b03a30992 100644
--- a/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     dirty_flags.h
     dma_pusher.cpp
     dma_pusher.h
+    engines/sw_blitter/blitter.cpp
+    engines/sw_blitter/blitter.h
+    engines/sw_blitter/converter.cpp
+    engines/sw_blitter/converter.h
     engines/const_buffer_info.h
     engines/engine_interface.h
     engines/engine_upload.cpp
diff --git a/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h b/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h
index 599551013..5d3a8293b 100644
--- a/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h
@@ -1742,12 +1742,12 @@ bool BufferCache<P>::InlineMemory(VAddr dest_address, size_t copy_size,
     SynchronizeBuffer(buffer, dest_address, static_cast<u32>(copy_size));
 
     if constexpr (USE_MEMORY_MAPS) {
+        auto upload_staging = runtime.UploadStagingBuffer(copy_size);
         std::array copies{BufferCopy{
-            .src_offset = 0,
+            .src_offset = upload_staging.offset,
             .dst_offset = buffer.Offset(dest_address),
             .size = copy_size,
         }};
-        auto upload_staging = runtime.UploadStagingBuffer(copy_size);
         u8* const src_pointer = upload_staging.mapped_span.data();
         std::memcpy(src_pointer, inlined_buffer.data(), copy_size);
         runtime.CopyBuffer(buffer, upload_staging.buffer, copies);
diff --git a/src/video_core/control/channel_state.cpp b/src/video_core/control/channel_state.cpp
index cdecc3a91..832025d75 100644
--- a/src/video_core/control/channel_state.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/control/channel_state.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ void ChannelState::Init(Core::System& system, GPU& gpu) {
     ASSERT(memory_manager);
     dma_pusher = std::make_unique<Tegra::DmaPusher>(system, gpu, *memory_manager, *this);
     maxwell_3d = std::make_unique<Engines::Maxwell3D>(system, *memory_manager);
-    fermi_2d = std::make_unique<Engines::Fermi2D>();
+    fermi_2d = std::make_unique<Engines::Fermi2D>(*memory_manager);
     kepler_compute = std::make_unique<Engines::KeplerCompute>(system, *memory_manager);
     maxwell_dma = std::make_unique<Engines::MaxwellDMA>(system, *memory_manager);
     kepler_memory = std::make_unique<Engines::KeplerMemory>(system, *memory_manager);
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/engine_upload.cpp b/src/video_core/engines/engine_upload.cpp
index a34819234..e4f8331ab 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/engine_upload.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/engine_upload.cpp
@@ -49,13 +49,12 @@ void State::ProcessData(std::span<const u8> read_buffer) {
         if (regs.line_count == 1) {
             rasterizer->AccelerateInlineToMemory(address, copy_size, read_buffer);
         } else {
-            for (u32 line = 0; line < regs.line_count; ++line) {
-                const GPUVAddr dest_line = address + static_cast<size_t>(line) * regs.dest.pitch;
-                memory_manager.WriteBlockUnsafe(
-                    dest_line, read_buffer.data() + static_cast<size_t>(line) * regs.line_length_in,
-                    regs.line_length_in);
+            for (size_t line = 0; line < regs.line_count; ++line) {
+                const GPUVAddr dest_line = address + line * regs.dest.pitch;
+                std::span<const u8> buffer(read_buffer.data() + line * regs.line_length_in,
+                                           regs.line_length_in);
+                rasterizer->AccelerateInlineToMemory(dest_line, regs.line_length_in, buffer);
             }
-            memory_manager.InvalidateRegion(address, regs.dest.pitch * regs.line_count);
         }
     } else {
         u32 width = regs.dest.width;
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/engine_upload.h b/src/video_core/engines/engine_upload.h
index f08f6e36a..94fafd9dc 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/engine_upload.h
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/engine_upload.h
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ struct Registers {
         u32 y;
 
         GPUVAddr Address() const {
-            return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) | address_low);
+            return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
         }
 
         u32 BlockWidth() const {
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/fermi_2d.cpp b/src/video_core/engines/fermi_2d.cpp
index 453e0fb01..c6478ae85 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/fermi_2d.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/fermi_2d.cpp
@@ -3,17 +3,25 @@
 
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
+#include "common/microprofile.h"
 #include "video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h"
-#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/sw_blitter/blitter.h"
 #include "video_core/rasterizer_interface.h"
 #include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/decoders.h"
+
+MICROPROFILE_DECLARE(GPU_BlitEngine);
+MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(GPU_BlitEngine, "GPU", "Blit Engine", MP_RGB(224, 224, 128));
 
 using VideoCore::Surface::BytesPerBlock;
 using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat;
 
 namespace Tegra::Engines {
 
-Fermi2D::Fermi2D() {
+using namespace Texture;
+
+Fermi2D::Fermi2D(MemoryManager& memory_manager_) {
+    sw_blitter = std::make_unique<Blitter::SoftwareBlitEngine>(memory_manager_);
     // Nvidia's OpenGL driver seems to assume these values
     regs.src.depth = 1;
     regs.dst.depth = 1;
@@ -42,6 +50,7 @@ void Fermi2D::CallMultiMethod(u32 method, const u32* base_start, u32 amount, u32
 }
 
 void Fermi2D::Blit() {
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(GPU_BlitEngine);
     LOG_DEBUG(HW_GPU, "called. source address=0x{:x}, destination address=0x{:x}",
               regs.src.Address(), regs.dst.Address());
 
@@ -52,9 +61,16 @@ void Fermi2D::Blit() {
     UNIMPLEMENTED_IF_MSG(regs.clip_enable != 0, "Clipped blit enabled");
 
     const auto& args = regs.pixels_from_memory;
+    constexpr s64 null_derivate = 1ULL << 32;
+    Surface src = regs.src;
+    const auto bytes_per_pixel = BytesPerBlock(PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(src.format));
+    const bool delegate_to_gpu = src.width > 512 && src.height > 512 && bytes_per_pixel <= 8 &&
+                                 src.format != regs.dst.format;
     Config config{
         .operation = regs.operation,
         .filter = args.sample_mode.filter,
+        .must_accelerate =
+            args.du_dx != null_derivate || args.dv_dy != null_derivate || delegate_to_gpu,
         .dst_x0 = args.dst_x0,
         .dst_y0 = args.dst_y0,
         .dst_x1 = args.dst_x0 + args.dst_width,
@@ -64,8 +80,7 @@ void Fermi2D::Blit() {
         .src_x1 = static_cast<s32>((args.du_dx * args.dst_width + args.src_x0) >> 32),
         .src_y1 = static_cast<s32>((args.dv_dy * args.dst_height + args.src_y0) >> 32),
     };
-    Surface src = regs.src;
-    const auto bytes_per_pixel = BytesPerBlock(PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(src.format));
+
     const auto need_align_to_pitch =
         src.linear == Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::MemoryLayout::Pitch &&
         static_cast<s32>(src.width) == config.src_x1 &&
@@ -78,8 +93,9 @@ void Fermi2D::Blit() {
         config.src_x1 -= config.src_x0;
         config.src_x0 = 0;
     }
+
     if (!rasterizer->AccelerateSurfaceCopy(src, regs.dst, config)) {
-        UNIMPLEMENTED();
+        sw_blitter->Blit(src, regs.dst, config);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h b/src/video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h
index 1229aa35b..100b21bac 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 #include <array>
 #include <cstddef>
+#include <memory>
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
@@ -21,6 +22,10 @@ class RasterizerInterface;
 
 namespace Tegra::Engines {
 
+namespace Blitter {
+class SoftwareBlitEngine;
+}
+
 /**
  * This Engine is known as G80_2D. Documentation can be found in:
  * https://github.com/envytools/envytools/blob/master/rnndb/graph/g80_2d.xml
@@ -32,7 +37,7 @@ namespace Tegra::Engines {
 
 class Fermi2D final : public EngineInterface {
 public:
-    explicit Fermi2D();
+    explicit Fermi2D(MemoryManager& memory_manager_);
     ~Fermi2D() override;
 
     /// Binds a rasterizer to this engine.
@@ -92,7 +97,7 @@ public:
         u32 addr_lower;
 
         [[nodiscard]] constexpr GPUVAddr Address() const noexcept {
-            return (static_cast<GPUVAddr>(addr_upper) << 32) | static_cast<GPUVAddr>(addr_lower);
+            return (GPUVAddr{addr_upper} << 32) | GPUVAddr{addr_lower};
         }
     };
     static_assert(sizeof(Surface) == 0x28, "Surface has incorrect size");
@@ -286,6 +291,7 @@ public:
     struct Config {
         Operation operation;
         Filter filter;
+        bool must_accelerate;
         s32 dst_x0;
         s32 dst_y0;
         s32 dst_x1;
@@ -298,6 +304,7 @@ public:
 
 private:
     VideoCore::RasterizerInterface* rasterizer = nullptr;
+    std::unique_ptr<Blitter::SoftwareBlitEngine> sw_blitter;
 
     /// Performs the copy from the source surface to the destination surface as configured in the
     /// registers.
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/kepler_compute.cpp b/src/video_core/engines/kepler_compute.cpp
index 7c50bdbe0..e5c622155 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/kepler_compute.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/kepler_compute.cpp
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ void KeplerCompute::CallMultiMethod(u32 method, const u32* base_start, u32 amoun
                                     u32 methods_pending) {
     switch (method) {
     case KEPLER_COMPUTE_REG_INDEX(data_upload):
-        upload_state.ProcessData(base_start, static_cast<size_t>(amount));
+        upload_state.ProcessData(base_start, amount);
         return;
     default:
-        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < amount; i++) {
-            CallMethod(method, base_start[i], methods_pending - static_cast<u32>(i) <= 1);
+        for (u32 i = 0; i < amount; i++) {
+            CallMethod(method, base_start[i], methods_pending - i <= 1);
         }
         break;
     }
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/kepler_compute.h b/src/video_core/engines/kepler_compute.h
index aab309ecc..e154e3f06 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/kepler_compute.h
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/kepler_compute.h
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ public:
                 struct {
                     u32 address;
                     GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                        return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address) << 8));
+                        return GPUVAddr{address} << 8;
                     }
                 } launch_desc_loc;
 
@@ -83,8 +83,7 @@ public:
                     u32 address_low;
                     u32 limit;
                     GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                        return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                                     address_low);
+                        return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
                     }
                 } tsc;
 
@@ -95,8 +94,7 @@ public:
                     u32 address_low;
                     u32 limit;
                     GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                        return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                                     address_low);
+                        return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
                     }
                 } tic;
 
@@ -106,8 +104,7 @@ public:
                     u32 address_high;
                     u32 address_low;
                     GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                        return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                                     address_low);
+                        return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
                     }
                 } code_loc;
 
@@ -162,8 +159,7 @@ public:
                 BitField<15, 17, u32> size;
             };
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high.Value()) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high.Value()} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
         std::array<ConstBufferConfig, NumConstBuffers> const_buffer_config;
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/kepler_memory.cpp b/src/video_core/engines/kepler_memory.cpp
index a3fbab1e5..08045d1cf 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/kepler_memory.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/kepler_memory.cpp
@@ -42,11 +42,11 @@ void KeplerMemory::CallMultiMethod(u32 method, const u32* base_start, u32 amount
                                    u32 methods_pending) {
     switch (method) {
     case KEPLERMEMORY_REG_INDEX(data):
-        upload_state.ProcessData(base_start, static_cast<size_t>(amount));
+        upload_state.ProcessData(base_start, amount);
         return;
     default:
-        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < amount; i++) {
-            CallMethod(method, base_start[i], methods_pending - static_cast<u32>(i) <= 1);
+        for (u32 i = 0; i < amount; i++) {
+            CallMethod(method, base_start[i], methods_pending - i <= 1);
         }
         break;
     }
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.cpp b/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.cpp
index 5bb1427c1..55462752c 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.cpp
@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ void Maxwell3D::InitializeRegisterDefaults() {
     draw_command[MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(draw_inline_index)] = true;
     draw_command[MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(inline_index_2x16.even)] = true;
     draw_command[MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(inline_index_4x8.index0)] = true;
+    draw_command[MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(draw.instance_id)] = true;
 }
 
 void Maxwell3D::ProcessMacro(u32 method, const u32* base_start, u32 amount, bool is_last_call) {
@@ -249,9 +250,6 @@ void Maxwell3D::ProcessMethodCall(u32 method, u32 argument, u32 nonshadow_argume
         return;
     case MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(fragment_barrier):
         return rasterizer->FragmentBarrier();
-    case MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(invalidate_texture_data_cache):
-        rasterizer->InvalidateGPUCache();
-        return rasterizer->WaitForIdle();
     case MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(tiled_cache_barrier):
         return rasterizer->TiledCacheBarrier();
     }
@@ -288,31 +286,58 @@ void Maxwell3D::CallMethod(u32 method, u32 method_argument, bool is_last_call) {
     ASSERT_MSG(method < Regs::NUM_REGS,
                "Invalid Maxwell3D register, increase the size of the Regs structure");
 
+    const u32 argument = ProcessShadowRam(method, method_argument);
+    ProcessDirtyRegisters(method, argument);
+
     if (draw_command[method]) {
         regs.reg_array[method] = method_argument;
         deferred_draw_method.push_back(method);
-        auto u32_to_u8 = [&](const u32 argument) {
-            inline_index_draw_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u8>(argument & 0x000000ff));
-            inline_index_draw_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u8>((argument & 0x0000ff00) >> 8));
-            inline_index_draw_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u8>((argument & 0x00ff0000) >> 16));
-            inline_index_draw_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u8>((argument & 0xff000000) >> 24));
+        auto update_inline_index = [&](const u32 index) {
+            inline_index_draw_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u8>(index & 0x000000ff));
+            inline_index_draw_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u8>((index & 0x0000ff00) >> 8));
+            inline_index_draw_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u8>((index & 0x00ff0000) >> 16));
+            inline_index_draw_indexes.push_back(static_cast<u8>((index & 0xff000000) >> 24));
+            draw_mode = DrawMode::InlineIndex;
         };
-        if (MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(draw_inline_index) == method) {
-            u32_to_u8(method_argument);
-        } else if (MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(inline_index_2x16.even) == method) {
-            u32_to_u8(regs.inline_index_2x16.even);
-            u32_to_u8(regs.inline_index_2x16.odd);
-        } else if (MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(inline_index_4x8.index0) == method) {
-            u32_to_u8(regs.inline_index_4x8.index0);
-            u32_to_u8(regs.inline_index_4x8.index1);
-            u32_to_u8(regs.inline_index_4x8.index2);
-            u32_to_u8(regs.inline_index_4x8.index3);
+        switch (method) {
+        case MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(draw.end):
+            switch (draw_mode) {
+            case DrawMode::General:
+                ProcessDraw(1);
+                break;
+            case DrawMode::InlineIndex:
+                regs.index_buffer.count = static_cast<u32>(inline_index_draw_indexes.size() / 4);
+                regs.index_buffer.format = Regs::IndexFormat::UnsignedInt;
+                ProcessDraw(1);
+                inline_index_draw_indexes.clear();
+                break;
+            case DrawMode::Instance:
+                break;
+            }
+            break;
+        case MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(draw_inline_index):
+            update_inline_index(method_argument);
+            break;
+        case MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(inline_index_2x16.even):
+            update_inline_index(regs.inline_index_2x16.even);
+            update_inline_index(regs.inline_index_2x16.odd);
+            break;
+        case MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(inline_index_4x8.index0):
+            update_inline_index(regs.inline_index_4x8.index0);
+            update_inline_index(regs.inline_index_4x8.index1);
+            update_inline_index(regs.inline_index_4x8.index2);
+            update_inline_index(regs.inline_index_4x8.index3);
+            break;
+        case MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(draw.instance_id):
+            draw_mode =
+                (regs.draw.instance_id == Maxwell3D::Regs::Draw::InstanceId::Subsequent) ||
+                        (regs.draw.instance_id == Maxwell3D::Regs::Draw::InstanceId::Unchanged)
+                    ? DrawMode::Instance
+                    : DrawMode::General;
+            break;
         }
     } else {
         ProcessDeferredDraw();
-
-        const u32 argument = ProcessShadowRam(method, method_argument);
-        ProcessDirtyRegisters(method, argument);
         ProcessMethodCall(method, argument, method_argument, is_last_call);
     }
 }
@@ -345,11 +370,11 @@ void Maxwell3D::CallMultiMethod(u32 method, const u32* base_start, u32 amount,
         ProcessCBMultiData(base_start, amount);
         break;
     case MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(inline_data):
-        upload_state.ProcessData(base_start, static_cast<size_t>(amount));
+        upload_state.ProcessData(base_start, amount);
         return;
     default:
-        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < amount; i++) {
-            CallMethod(method, base_start[i], methods_pending - static_cast<u32>(i) <= 1);
+        for (u32 i = 0; i < amount; i++) {
+            CallMethod(method, base_start[i], methods_pending - i <= 1);
         }
         break;
     }
@@ -511,10 +536,7 @@ void Maxwell3D::ProcessCounterReset() {
 
 void Maxwell3D::ProcessSyncPoint() {
     const u32 sync_point = regs.sync_info.sync_point.Value();
-    const u32 cache_flush = regs.sync_info.clean_l2.Value();
-    if (cache_flush != 0) {
-        rasterizer->InvalidateGPUCache();
-    }
+    [[maybe_unused]] const u32 cache_flush = regs.sync_info.clean_l2.Value();
     rasterizer->SignalSyncPoint(sync_point);
 }
 
@@ -626,57 +648,27 @@ void Maxwell3D::ProcessDraw(u32 instance_count) {
 }
 
 void Maxwell3D::ProcessDeferredDraw() {
-    if (deferred_draw_method.empty()) {
+    if (draw_mode != DrawMode::Instance || deferred_draw_method.empty()) {
         return;
     }
 
-    enum class DrawMode {
-        Undefined,
-        General,
-        Instance,
-    };
-    DrawMode draw_mode{DrawMode::Undefined};
-    u32 method_count = static_cast<u32>(deferred_draw_method.size());
-    u32 method = deferred_draw_method[method_count - 1];
-    if (MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(draw.end) != method) {
-        return;
-    }
-    draw_mode = (regs.draw.instance_id == Maxwell3D::Regs::Draw::InstanceId::Subsequent) ||
-                        (regs.draw.instance_id == Maxwell3D::Regs::Draw::InstanceId::Unchanged)
-                    ? DrawMode::Instance
-                    : DrawMode::General;
-    u32 instance_count = 0;
-    if (draw_mode == DrawMode::Instance) {
-        u32 vertex_buffer_count = 0;
-        u32 index_buffer_count = 0;
-        for (u32 index = 0; index < method_count; ++index) {
-            method = deferred_draw_method[index];
-            if (method == MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(vertex_buffer.count)) {
-                instance_count = ++vertex_buffer_count;
-            } else if (method == MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(index_buffer.count)) {
-                instance_count = ++index_buffer_count;
-            }
-        }
-        ASSERT_MSG(!(vertex_buffer_count && index_buffer_count),
-                   "Instance both indexed and direct?");
-    } else {
-        instance_count = 1;
-        for (u32 index = 0; index < method_count; ++index) {
-            method = deferred_draw_method[index];
-            if (MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(draw_inline_index) == method ||
-                MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(inline_index_2x16.even) == method ||
-                MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(inline_index_4x8.index0) == method) {
-                regs.index_buffer.count = static_cast<u32>(inline_index_draw_indexes.size() / 4);
-                regs.index_buffer.format = Regs::IndexFormat::UnsignedInt;
-                break;
-            }
+    const auto method_count = deferred_draw_method.size();
+    u32 instance_count = 1;
+    u32 vertex_buffer_count = 0;
+    u32 index_buffer_count = 0;
+    for (size_t index = 0; index < method_count; ++index) {
+        const u32 method = deferred_draw_method[index];
+        if (method == MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(vertex_buffer.count)) {
+            instance_count = ++vertex_buffer_count;
+        } else if (method == MAXWELL3D_REG_INDEX(index_buffer.count)) {
+            instance_count = ++index_buffer_count;
         }
     }
+    ASSERT_MSG(!(vertex_buffer_count && index_buffer_count), "Instance both indexed and direct?");
 
     ProcessDraw(instance_count);
 
     deferred_draw_method.clear();
-    inline_index_draw_indexes.clear();
 }
 
 } // namespace Tegra::Engines
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h b/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h
index c3099f9a6..deba292a5 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h
@@ -96,8 +96,7 @@ public:
             u32 type;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -106,8 +105,7 @@ public:
             u32 address_low;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -124,8 +122,7 @@ public:
             Mode mode;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(offset_high) << 32) |
-                                             offset_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{offset_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{offset_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -187,7 +184,7 @@ public:
                 default:
                     // Thresholds begin at 0x10 (1 << 4)
                     // Threshold is in the range 0x1 to 0x13
-                    return 1 << (4 + threshold.Value() - 1);
+                    return 1U << (4 + threshold.Value() - 1);
                 }
             }
         };
@@ -468,8 +465,7 @@ public:
                 INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(0xC);
 
                 GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                    return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                                 address_low);
+                    return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
                 }
             };
             static_assert(sizeof(Buffer) == 0x20);
@@ -511,12 +507,11 @@ public:
             u32 default_size_per_warp;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
 
             u64 Size() const {
-                return (static_cast<u64>(size_high) << 32) | size_low;
+                return (u64{size_high} << 32) | u64{size_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -538,13 +533,11 @@ public:
             u32 storage_limit_address_low;
 
             GPUVAddr StorageAddress() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(storage_address_high) << 32) |
-                                             storage_address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{storage_address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{storage_address_low};
             }
             GPUVAddr StorageLimitAddress() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>(
-                    (static_cast<GPUVAddr>(storage_limit_address_high) << 32) |
-                    storage_limit_address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{storage_limit_address_high} << 32) |
+                       GPUVAddr{storage_limit_address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -829,11 +822,11 @@ public:
         struct CompressionThresholdSamples {
             u32 samples;
 
-            u32 Samples() {
+            u32 Samples() const {
                 if (samples == 0) {
                     return 0;
                 }
-                return 1 << (samples - 1);
+                return 1U << (samples - 1);
             }
         };
 
@@ -1138,8 +1131,7 @@ public:
             INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(0x18);
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
         static_assert(sizeof(RenderTargetConfig) == 0x40);
@@ -1482,8 +1474,7 @@ public:
             u32 address_low;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -1533,8 +1524,7 @@ public:
             u32 address_low;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -1561,8 +1551,7 @@ public:
             u32 array_pitch;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -1910,8 +1899,7 @@ public:
             Mode mode;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -1921,8 +1909,7 @@ public:
             u32 limit;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -1932,8 +1919,7 @@ public:
             u32 limit;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -1981,8 +1967,7 @@ public:
             u32 address_low;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -2027,8 +2012,7 @@ public:
             u32 address_low;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -2224,19 +2208,16 @@ public:
             }
 
             GPUVAddr StartAddress() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(start_addr_high) << 32) |
-                                             start_addr_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{start_addr_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{start_addr_low};
             }
 
             GPUVAddr EndAddress() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(limit_addr_high) << 32) |
-                                             limit_addr_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{limit_addr_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{limit_addr_low};
             }
 
             /// Adjust the index buffer offset so it points to the first desired index.
             GPUVAddr IndexStart() const {
-                return StartAddress() +
-                       static_cast<size_t>(first) * static_cast<size_t>(FormatSizeInBytes());
+                return StartAddress() + size_t{first} * size_t{FormatSizeInBytes()};
             }
         };
 
@@ -2464,8 +2445,7 @@ public:
             } query;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -2479,8 +2459,7 @@ public:
             u32 frequency;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
 
             bool IsEnabled() const {
@@ -2494,8 +2473,7 @@ public:
             u32 address_low;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
         static_assert(sizeof(VertexStreamLimit) == 0x8);
@@ -2543,8 +2521,7 @@ public:
             std::array<u32, NumCBData> buffer;
 
             GPUVAddr Address() const {
-                return static_cast<GPUVAddr>((static_cast<GPUVAddr>(address_high) << 32) |
-                                             address_low);
+                return (GPUVAddr{address_high} << 32) | GPUVAddr{address_low};
             }
         };
 
@@ -3148,10 +3125,12 @@ private:
     /// Handles use of topology overrides (e.g., to avoid using a topology assigned from a macro)
     void ProcessTopologyOverride();
 
-    void ProcessDraw(u32 instance_count = 1);
-
+    /// Handles deferred draw(e.g., instance draw).
     void ProcessDeferredDraw();
 
+    /// Handles a draw.
+    void ProcessDraw(u32 instance_count = 1);
+
     /// Returns a query's value or an empty object if the value will be deferred through a cache.
     std::optional<u64> GetQueryResult();
 
@@ -3178,6 +3157,8 @@ private:
 
     std::array<bool, Regs::NUM_REGS> draw_command{};
     std::vector<u32> deferred_draw_method;
+    enum class DrawMode : u32 { General = 0, Instance, InlineIndex };
+    DrawMode draw_mode{DrawMode::General};
 };
 
 #define ASSERT_REG_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                  \
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_dma.cpp b/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_dma.cpp
index 1bf6ca2dd..a189e60ae 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_dma.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_dma.cpp
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ void MaxwellDMA::CallMethod(u32 method, u32 method_argument, bool is_last_call)
 
 void MaxwellDMA::CallMultiMethod(u32 method, const u32* base_start, u32 amount,
                                  u32 methods_pending) {
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < amount; ++i) {
-        CallMethod(method, base_start[i], methods_pending - static_cast<u32>(i) <= 1);
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < amount; ++i) {
+        CallMethod(method, base_start[i], methods_pending - i <= 1);
     }
 }
 
@@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ void MaxwellDMA::Launch() {
 
         if (!is_src_pitch && !is_dst_pitch) {
             // If both the source and the destination are in block layout, assert.
-            UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Tiled->Tiled DMA transfers are not yet implemented");
+            CopyBlockLinearToBlockLinear();
+            ReleaseSemaphore();
             return;
         }
 
@@ -93,14 +94,14 @@ void MaxwellDMA::Launch() {
                                             reinterpret_cast<u8*>(tmp_buffer.data()),
                                             regs.line_length_in * sizeof(u32));
         } else {
-            auto convert_linear_2_blocklinear_addr = [](u64 address) {
+            const auto convert_linear_2_blocklinear_addr = [](u64 address) {
                 return (address & ~0x1f0ULL) | ((address & 0x40) >> 2) | ((address & 0x10) << 1) |
                        ((address & 0x180) >> 1) | ((address & 0x20) << 3);
             };
-            auto src_kind = memory_manager.GetPageKind(regs.offset_in);
-            auto dst_kind = memory_manager.GetPageKind(regs.offset_out);
-            const bool is_src_pitch = IsPitchKind(static_cast<PTEKind>(src_kind));
-            const bool is_dst_pitch = IsPitchKind(static_cast<PTEKind>(dst_kind));
+            const auto src_kind = memory_manager.GetPageKind(regs.offset_in);
+            const auto dst_kind = memory_manager.GetPageKind(regs.offset_out);
+            const bool is_src_pitch = IsPitchKind(src_kind);
+            const bool is_dst_pitch = IsPitchKind(dst_kind);
             if (!is_src_pitch && is_dst_pitch) {
                 UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.line_length_in % 16 != 0);
                 UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.offset_in % 16 != 0);
@@ -291,6 +292,70 @@ void MaxwellDMA::FastCopyBlockLinearToPitch() {
     memory_manager.WriteBlock(regs.offset_out, write_buffer.data(), dst_size);
 }
 
+void MaxwellDMA::CopyBlockLinearToBlockLinear() {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.src_params.block_size.width != 0);
+
+    const bool is_remapping = regs.launch_dma.remap_enable != 0;
+
+    // Deswizzle the input and copy it over.
+    const Parameters& src = regs.src_params;
+    const Parameters& dst = regs.dst_params;
+
+    const u32 num_remap_components = regs.remap_const.num_dst_components_minus_one + 1;
+    const u32 remap_components_size = regs.remap_const.component_size_minus_one + 1;
+
+    const u32 base_bpp = !is_remapping ? 1U : num_remap_components * remap_components_size;
+
+    u32 src_width = src.width;
+    u32 dst_width = dst.width;
+    u32 x_elements = regs.line_length_in;
+    u32 src_x_offset = src.origin.x;
+    u32 dst_x_offset = dst.origin.x;
+    u32 bpp_shift = 0U;
+    if (!is_remapping) {
+        bpp_shift = Common::FoldRight(
+            4U, [](u32 x, u32 y) { return std::min(x, static_cast<u32>(std::countr_zero(y))); },
+            src_width, dst_width, x_elements, src_x_offset, dst_x_offset,
+            static_cast<u32>(regs.offset_in), static_cast<u32>(regs.offset_out));
+        src_width >>= bpp_shift;
+        dst_width >>= bpp_shift;
+        x_elements >>= bpp_shift;
+        src_x_offset >>= bpp_shift;
+        dst_x_offset >>= bpp_shift;
+    }
+
+    const u32 bytes_per_pixel = base_bpp << bpp_shift;
+    const size_t src_size = CalculateSize(true, bytes_per_pixel, src_width, src.height, src.depth,
+                                          src.block_size.height, src.block_size.depth);
+    const size_t dst_size = CalculateSize(true, bytes_per_pixel, dst_width, dst.height, dst.depth,
+                                          dst.block_size.height, dst.block_size.depth);
+
+    const u32 pitch = x_elements * bytes_per_pixel;
+    const size_t mid_buffer_size = pitch * regs.line_count;
+
+    if (read_buffer.size() < src_size) {
+        read_buffer.resize(src_size);
+    }
+    if (write_buffer.size() < dst_size) {
+        write_buffer.resize(dst_size);
+    }
+
+    intermediate_buffer.resize(mid_buffer_size);
+
+    memory_manager.ReadBlock(regs.offset_in, read_buffer.data(), src_size);
+    memory_manager.ReadBlock(regs.offset_out, write_buffer.data(), dst_size);
+
+    UnswizzleSubrect(intermediate_buffer, read_buffer, bytes_per_pixel, src_width, src.height,
+                     src.depth, src_x_offset, src.origin.y, x_elements, regs.line_count,
+                     src.block_size.height, src.block_size.depth, pitch);
+
+    SwizzleSubrect(write_buffer, intermediate_buffer, bytes_per_pixel, dst_width, dst.height,
+                   dst.depth, dst_x_offset, dst.origin.y, x_elements, regs.line_count,
+                   dst.block_size.height, dst.block_size.depth, pitch);
+
+    memory_manager.WriteBlock(regs.offset_out, write_buffer.data(), dst_size);
+}
+
 void MaxwellDMA::ReleaseSemaphore() {
     const auto type = regs.launch_dma.semaphore_type;
     const GPUVAddr address = regs.semaphore.address;
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_dma.h b/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_dma.h
index 953e34adc..d40d3d302 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_dma.h
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_dma.h
@@ -223,6 +223,8 @@ private:
 
     void CopyPitchToBlockLinear();
 
+    void CopyBlockLinearToBlockLinear();
+
     void FastCopyBlockLinearToPitch();
 
     void ReleaseSemaphore();
@@ -234,6 +236,7 @@ private:
 
     std::vector<u8> read_buffer;
     std::vector<u8> write_buffer;
+    std::vector<u8> intermediate_buffer;
 
     static constexpr std::size_t NUM_REGS = 0x800;
     struct Regs {
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/puller.cpp b/src/video_core/engines/puller.cpp
index 4d2278811..7718a09b3 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/puller.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/puller.cpp
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ void Puller::ProcessBindMethod(const MethodCall& method_call) {
     LOG_DEBUG(HW_GPU, "Binding subchannel {} to engine {}", method_call.subchannel,
               method_call.argument);
     const auto engine_id = static_cast<EngineID>(method_call.argument);
-    bound_engines[method_call.subchannel] = static_cast<EngineID>(engine_id);
+    bound_engines[method_call.subchannel] = engine_id;
     switch (engine_id) {
     case EngineID::FERMI_TWOD_A:
         dma_pusher.BindSubchannel(channel_state.fermi_2d.get(), method_call.subchannel);
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ void Puller::ProcessSemaphoreRelease() {
     std::function<void()> operation([this, sequence_address, payload] {
         memory_manager.Write<u32>(sequence_address, payload);
     });
-    rasterizer->SyncOperation(std::move(operation));
+    rasterizer->SignalFence(std::move(operation));
 }
 
 void Puller::ProcessSemaphoreAcquire() {
@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@ void Puller::CallPullerMethod(const MethodCall& method_call) {
     case BufferMethods::SemaphoreAddressLow:
     case BufferMethods::SemaphoreSequencePayload:
     case BufferMethods::SyncpointPayload:
-        break;
     case BufferMethods::WrcacheFlush:
+        break;
     case BufferMethods::RefCnt:
         rasterizer->SignalReference();
         break;
@@ -285,12 +285,12 @@ void Puller::CallMultiMethod(u32 method, u32 subchannel, const u32* base_start,
     if (ExecuteMethodOnEngine(method)) {
         CallEngineMultiMethod(method, subchannel, base_start, amount, methods_pending);
     } else {
-        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < amount; i++) {
+        for (u32 i = 0; i < amount; i++) {
             CallPullerMethod(MethodCall{
                 method,
                 base_start[i],
                 subchannel,
-                methods_pending - static_cast<u32>(i),
+                methods_pending - i,
             });
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/blitter.cpp b/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/blitter.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2f1ea4626
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/blitter.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "video_core/engines/sw_blitter/blitter.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/sw_blitter/converter.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/decoders.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+class MemoryManager;
+}
+
+using VideoCore::Surface::BytesPerBlock;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat;
+
+namespace Tegra::Engines::Blitter {
+
+using namespace Texture;
+
+namespace {
+
+constexpr size_t ir_components = 4;
+
+void NearestNeighbor(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<u8> output, u32 src_width, u32 src_height,
+                     u32 dst_width, u32 dst_height, size_t bpp) {
+    const size_t dx_du = std::llround((static_cast<f64>(src_width) / dst_width) * (1ULL << 32));
+    const size_t dy_dv = std::llround((static_cast<f64>(src_height) / dst_height) * (1ULL << 32));
+    size_t src_y = 0;
+    for (u32 y = 0; y < dst_height; y++) {
+        size_t src_x = 0;
+        for (u32 x = 0; x < dst_width; x++) {
+            const size_t read_from = ((src_y * src_width + src_x) >> 32) * bpp;
+            const size_t write_to = (y * dst_width + x) * bpp;
+
+            std::memcpy(&output[write_to], &input[read_from], bpp);
+            src_x += dx_du;
+        }
+        src_y += dy_dv;
+    }
+}
+
+void NearestNeighborFast(std::span<const f32> input, std::span<f32> output, u32 src_width,
+                         u32 src_height, u32 dst_width, u32 dst_height) {
+    const size_t dx_du = std::llround((static_cast<f64>(src_width) / dst_width) * (1ULL << 32));
+    const size_t dy_dv = std::llround((static_cast<f64>(src_height) / dst_height) * (1ULL << 32));
+    size_t src_y = 0;
+    for (u32 y = 0; y < dst_height; y++) {
+        size_t src_x = 0;
+        for (u32 x = 0; x < dst_width; x++) {
+            const size_t read_from = ((src_y * src_width + src_x) >> 32) * ir_components;
+            const size_t write_to = (y * dst_width + x) * ir_components;
+
+            std::memcpy(&output[write_to], &input[read_from], sizeof(f32) * ir_components);
+            src_x += dx_du;
+        }
+        src_y += dy_dv;
+    }
+}
+
+void Bilinear(std::span<const f32> input, std::span<f32> output, size_t src_width,
+              size_t src_height, size_t dst_width, size_t dst_height) {
+    const auto bilinear_sample = [](std::span<const f32> x0_y0, std::span<const f32> x1_y0,
+                                    std::span<const f32> x0_y1, std::span<const f32> x1_y1,
+                                    f32 weight_x, f32 weight_y) {
+        std::array<f32, ir_components> result{};
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < ir_components; i++) {
+            const f32 a = std::lerp(x0_y0[i], x1_y0[i], weight_x);
+            const f32 b = std::lerp(x0_y1[i], x1_y1[i], weight_x);
+            result[i] = std::lerp(a, b, weight_y);
+        }
+        return result;
+    };
+    const f32 dx_du =
+        dst_width > 1 ? static_cast<f32>(src_width - 1) / static_cast<f32>(dst_width - 1) : 0.f;
+    const f32 dy_dv =
+        dst_height > 1 ? static_cast<f32>(src_height - 1) / static_cast<f32>(dst_height - 1) : 0.f;
+    for (u32 y = 0; y < dst_height; y++) {
+        for (u32 x = 0; x < dst_width; x++) {
+            const f32 x_low = std::floor(static_cast<f32>(x) * dx_du);
+            const f32 y_low = std::floor(static_cast<f32>(y) * dy_dv);
+            const f32 x_high = std::ceil(static_cast<f32>(x) * dx_du);
+            const f32 y_high = std::ceil(static_cast<f32>(y) * dy_dv);
+            const f32 weight_x = (static_cast<f32>(x) * dx_du) - x_low;
+            const f32 weight_y = (static_cast<f32>(y) * dy_dv) - y_low;
+
+            const auto read_src = [&](f32 in_x, f32 in_y) {
+                const size_t read_from =
+                    ((static_cast<size_t>(in_x) * src_width + static_cast<size_t>(in_y)) >> 32) *
+                    ir_components;
+                return std::span<const f32>(&input[read_from], ir_components);
+            };
+
+            auto x0_y0 = read_src(x_low, y_low);
+            auto x1_y0 = read_src(x_high, y_low);
+            auto x0_y1 = read_src(x_low, y_high);
+            auto x1_y1 = read_src(x_high, y_high);
+
+            const auto result = bilinear_sample(x0_y0, x1_y0, x0_y1, x1_y1, weight_x, weight_y);
+
+            const size_t write_to = (y * dst_width + x) * ir_components;
+
+            std::memcpy(&output[write_to], &result, sizeof(f32) * ir_components);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+struct SoftwareBlitEngine::BlitEngineImpl {
+    std::vector<u8> tmp_buffer;
+    std::vector<u8> src_buffer;
+    std::vector<u8> dst_buffer;
+    std::vector<f32> intermediate_src;
+    std::vector<f32> intermediate_dst;
+    ConverterFactory converter_factory;
+};
+
+SoftwareBlitEngine::SoftwareBlitEngine(MemoryManager& memory_manager_)
+    : memory_manager{memory_manager_} {
+    impl = std::make_unique<BlitEngineImpl>();
+}
+
+SoftwareBlitEngine::~SoftwareBlitEngine() = default;
+
+bool SoftwareBlitEngine::Blit(Fermi2D::Surface& src, Fermi2D::Surface& dst,
+                              Fermi2D::Config& config) {
+    const auto get_surface_size = [](Fermi2D::Surface& surface, u32 bytes_per_pixel) {
+        if (surface.linear == Fermi2D::MemoryLayout::BlockLinear) {
+            return CalculateSize(true, bytes_per_pixel, surface.width, surface.height,
+                                 surface.depth, surface.block_height, surface.block_depth);
+        }
+        return static_cast<size_t>(surface.pitch * surface.height);
+    };
+    const auto process_pitch_linear = [](bool unpack, std::span<const u8> input,
+                                         std::span<u8> output, u32 extent_x, u32 extent_y,
+                                         u32 pitch, u32 x0, u32 y0, size_t bpp) {
+        const size_t base_offset = x0 * bpp;
+        const size_t copy_size = extent_x * bpp;
+        for (u32 y = y0; y < extent_y; y++) {
+            const size_t first_offset = y * pitch + base_offset;
+            const size_t second_offset = y * extent_x * bpp;
+            u8* write_to = unpack ? &output[first_offset] : &output[second_offset];
+            const u8* read_from = unpack ? &input[second_offset] : &input[first_offset];
+            std::memcpy(write_to, read_from, copy_size);
+        }
+    };
+
+    const u32 src_extent_x = config.src_x1 - config.src_x0;
+    const u32 src_extent_y = config.src_y1 - config.src_y0;
+
+    const u32 dst_extent_x = config.dst_x1 - config.dst_x0;
+    const u32 dst_extent_y = config.dst_y1 - config.dst_y0;
+    const auto src_bytes_per_pixel = BytesPerBlock(PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(src.format));
+    const auto dst_bytes_per_pixel = BytesPerBlock(PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(dst.format));
+    const size_t src_size = get_surface_size(src, src_bytes_per_pixel);
+    impl->tmp_buffer.resize(src_size);
+    memory_manager.ReadBlock(src.Address(), impl->tmp_buffer.data(), src_size);
+
+    const size_t src_copy_size = src_extent_x * src_extent_y * src_bytes_per_pixel;
+
+    const size_t dst_copy_size = dst_extent_x * dst_extent_y * dst_bytes_per_pixel;
+
+    impl->src_buffer.resize(src_copy_size);
+
+    const bool no_passthrough =
+        src.format != dst.format || src_extent_x != dst_extent_x || src_extent_y != dst_extent_y;
+
+    const auto convertion_phase_same_format = [&]() {
+        NearestNeighbor(impl->src_buffer, impl->dst_buffer, src_extent_x, src_extent_y,
+                        dst_extent_x, dst_extent_y, dst_bytes_per_pixel);
+    };
+
+    const auto convertion_phase_ir = [&]() {
+        auto* input_converter = impl->converter_factory.GetFormatConverter(src.format);
+        impl->intermediate_src.resize((src_copy_size / src_bytes_per_pixel) * ir_components);
+        impl->intermediate_dst.resize((dst_copy_size / dst_bytes_per_pixel) * ir_components);
+        input_converter->ConvertTo(impl->src_buffer, impl->intermediate_src);
+
+        if (config.filter != Fermi2D::Filter::Bilinear) {
+            NearestNeighborFast(impl->intermediate_src, impl->intermediate_dst, src_extent_x,
+                                src_extent_y, dst_extent_x, dst_extent_y);
+        } else {
+            Bilinear(impl->intermediate_src, impl->intermediate_dst, src_extent_x, src_extent_y,
+                     dst_extent_x, dst_extent_y);
+        }
+
+        auto* output_converter = impl->converter_factory.GetFormatConverter(dst.format);
+        output_converter->ConvertFrom(impl->intermediate_dst, impl->dst_buffer);
+    };
+
+    // Do actuall Blit
+
+    impl->dst_buffer.resize(dst_copy_size);
+    if (src.linear == Fermi2D::MemoryLayout::BlockLinear) {
+        UnswizzleSubrect(impl->src_buffer, impl->tmp_buffer, src_bytes_per_pixel, src.width,
+                         src.height, src.depth, config.src_x0, config.src_y0, src_extent_x,
+                         src_extent_y, src.block_height, src.block_depth,
+                         src_extent_x * src_bytes_per_pixel);
+    } else {
+        process_pitch_linear(false, impl->tmp_buffer, impl->src_buffer, src_extent_x, src_extent_y,
+                             src.pitch, config.src_x0, config.src_y0, src_bytes_per_pixel);
+    }
+
+    // Conversion Phase
+    if (no_passthrough) {
+        if (src.format != dst.format || config.filter == Fermi2D::Filter::Bilinear) {
+            convertion_phase_ir();
+        } else {
+            convertion_phase_same_format();
+        }
+    } else {
+        impl->dst_buffer.swap(impl->src_buffer);
+    }
+
+    const size_t dst_size = get_surface_size(dst, dst_bytes_per_pixel);
+    impl->tmp_buffer.resize(dst_size);
+    memory_manager.ReadBlock(dst.Address(), impl->tmp_buffer.data(), dst_size);
+
+    if (dst.linear == Fermi2D::MemoryLayout::BlockLinear) {
+        SwizzleSubrect(impl->tmp_buffer, impl->dst_buffer, dst_bytes_per_pixel, dst.width,
+                       dst.height, dst.depth, config.dst_x0, config.dst_y0, dst_extent_x,
+                       dst_extent_y, dst.block_height, dst.block_depth,
+                       dst_extent_x * dst_bytes_per_pixel);
+    } else {
+        process_pitch_linear(true, impl->dst_buffer, impl->tmp_buffer, dst_extent_x, dst_extent_y,
+                             dst.pitch, config.dst_x0, config.dst_y0,
+                             static_cast<size_t>(dst_bytes_per_pixel));
+    }
+    memory_manager.WriteBlock(dst.Address(), impl->tmp_buffer.data(), dst_size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Engines::Blitter
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/blitter.h b/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/blitter.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..85b55c836
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/blitter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+class MemoryManager;
+}
+
+namespace Tegra::Engines::Blitter {
+
+class SoftwareBlitEngine {
+public:
+    explicit SoftwareBlitEngine(MemoryManager& memory_manager_);
+    ~SoftwareBlitEngine();
+
+    bool Blit(Fermi2D::Surface& src, Fermi2D::Surface& dst, Fermi2D::Config& copy_config);
+
+private:
+    MemoryManager& memory_manager;
+    struct BlitEngineImpl;
+    std::unique_ptr<BlitEngineImpl> impl;
+};
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Engines::Blitter
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/converter.cpp b/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/converter.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cd46dfd4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/converter.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1234 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+#include <array>
+#include <bit>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <span>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/sw_blitter/converter.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/decoders.h"
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define FORCE_INLINE __forceinline
+#else
+#define FORCE_INLINE inline __attribute__((always_inline))
+#endif
+
+namespace Tegra::Engines::Blitter {
+
+enum class Swizzle : size_t {
+    R = 0,
+    G = 1,
+    B = 2,
+    A = 3,
+    None,
+};
+
+enum class ComponentType : u32 {
+    SNORM = 1,
+    UNORM = 2,
+    SINT = 3,
+    UINT = 4,
+    SNORM_FORCE_FP16 = 5,
+    UNORM_FORCE_FP16 = 6,
+    FLOAT = 7,
+    SRGB = 8,
+};
+
+namespace {
+
+/*
+ * Note: Use generate_converters.py to generate the structs and searches for new render target
+ * formats and copy paste them to this file in order to update. just call "python
+ * generate_converters.py" and get the code from the output. modify the file to add new formats.
+ */
+
+constexpr std::array<f32, 256> SRGB_TO_RGB_LUT = {
+    0.000000e+00f, 3.035270e-04f, 6.070540e-04f, 9.105810e-04f, 1.214108e-03f, 1.517635e-03f,
+    1.821162e-03f, 2.124689e-03f, 2.428216e-03f, 2.731743e-03f, 3.035270e-03f, 3.346536e-03f,
+    3.676507e-03f, 4.024717e-03f, 4.391442e-03f, 4.776953e-03f, 5.181517e-03f, 5.605392e-03f,
+    6.048833e-03f, 6.512091e-03f, 6.995410e-03f, 7.499032e-03f, 8.023193e-03f, 8.568126e-03f,
+    9.134059e-03f, 9.721218e-03f, 1.032982e-02f, 1.096009e-02f, 1.161224e-02f, 1.228649e-02f,
+    1.298303e-02f, 1.370208e-02f, 1.444384e-02f, 1.520851e-02f, 1.599629e-02f, 1.680738e-02f,
+    1.764195e-02f, 1.850022e-02f, 1.938236e-02f, 2.028856e-02f, 2.121901e-02f, 2.217389e-02f,
+    2.315337e-02f, 2.415763e-02f, 2.518686e-02f, 2.624122e-02f, 2.732089e-02f, 2.842604e-02f,
+    2.955684e-02f, 3.071344e-02f, 3.189603e-02f, 3.310477e-02f, 3.433981e-02f, 3.560131e-02f,
+    3.688945e-02f, 3.820437e-02f, 3.954624e-02f, 4.091520e-02f, 4.231141e-02f, 4.373503e-02f,
+    4.518620e-02f, 4.666509e-02f, 4.817183e-02f, 4.970657e-02f, 5.126946e-02f, 5.286065e-02f,
+    5.448028e-02f, 5.612849e-02f, 5.780543e-02f, 5.951124e-02f, 6.124605e-02f, 6.301001e-02f,
+    6.480327e-02f, 6.662594e-02f, 6.847817e-02f, 7.036009e-02f, 7.227185e-02f, 7.421357e-02f,
+    7.618538e-02f, 7.818742e-02f, 8.021982e-02f, 8.228271e-02f, 8.437621e-02f, 8.650046e-02f,
+    8.865558e-02f, 9.084171e-02f, 9.305897e-02f, 9.530747e-02f, 9.758735e-02f, 9.989873e-02f,
+    1.022417e-01f, 1.046165e-01f, 1.070231e-01f, 1.094617e-01f, 1.119324e-01f, 1.144354e-01f,
+    1.169707e-01f, 1.195384e-01f, 1.221388e-01f, 1.247718e-01f, 1.274377e-01f, 1.301365e-01f,
+    1.328683e-01f, 1.356333e-01f, 1.384316e-01f, 1.412633e-01f, 1.441285e-01f, 1.470273e-01f,
+    1.499598e-01f, 1.529261e-01f, 1.559265e-01f, 1.589608e-01f, 1.620294e-01f, 1.651322e-01f,
+    1.682694e-01f, 1.714411e-01f, 1.746474e-01f, 1.778884e-01f, 1.811642e-01f, 1.844750e-01f,
+    1.878208e-01f, 1.912017e-01f, 1.946178e-01f, 1.980693e-01f, 2.015563e-01f, 2.050787e-01f,
+    2.086369e-01f, 2.122308e-01f, 2.158605e-01f, 2.195262e-01f, 2.232280e-01f, 2.269659e-01f,
+    2.307401e-01f, 2.345506e-01f, 2.383976e-01f, 2.422811e-01f, 2.462013e-01f, 2.501583e-01f,
+    2.541521e-01f, 2.581829e-01f, 2.622507e-01f, 2.663556e-01f, 2.704978e-01f, 2.746773e-01f,
+    2.788943e-01f, 2.831487e-01f, 2.874408e-01f, 2.917706e-01f, 2.961383e-01f, 3.005438e-01f,
+    3.049873e-01f, 3.094689e-01f, 3.139887e-01f, 3.185468e-01f, 3.231432e-01f, 3.277781e-01f,
+    3.324515e-01f, 3.371636e-01f, 3.419144e-01f, 3.467041e-01f, 3.515326e-01f, 3.564001e-01f,
+    3.613068e-01f, 3.662526e-01f, 3.712377e-01f, 3.762621e-01f, 3.813260e-01f, 3.864294e-01f,
+    3.915725e-01f, 3.967552e-01f, 4.019778e-01f, 4.072402e-01f, 4.125426e-01f, 4.178851e-01f,
+    4.232677e-01f, 4.286905e-01f, 4.341536e-01f, 4.396572e-01f, 4.452012e-01f, 4.507858e-01f,
+    4.564110e-01f, 4.620770e-01f, 4.677838e-01f, 4.735315e-01f, 4.793202e-01f, 4.851499e-01f,
+    4.910209e-01f, 4.969330e-01f, 5.028865e-01f, 5.088813e-01f, 5.149177e-01f, 5.209956e-01f,
+    5.271151e-01f, 5.332764e-01f, 5.394795e-01f, 5.457245e-01f, 5.520114e-01f, 5.583404e-01f,
+    5.647115e-01f, 5.711249e-01f, 5.775805e-01f, 5.840784e-01f, 5.906188e-01f, 5.972018e-01f,
+    6.038274e-01f, 6.104956e-01f, 6.172066e-01f, 6.239604e-01f, 6.307572e-01f, 6.375968e-01f,
+    6.444797e-01f, 6.514056e-01f, 6.583748e-01f, 6.653873e-01f, 6.724432e-01f, 6.795425e-01f,
+    6.866853e-01f, 6.938717e-01f, 7.011019e-01f, 7.083758e-01f, 7.156935e-01f, 7.230551e-01f,
+    7.304608e-01f, 7.379104e-01f, 7.454042e-01f, 7.529422e-01f, 7.605245e-01f, 7.681512e-01f,
+    7.758222e-01f, 7.835378e-01f, 7.912979e-01f, 7.991027e-01f, 8.069522e-01f, 8.148466e-01f,
+    8.227857e-01f, 8.307699e-01f, 8.387990e-01f, 8.468732e-01f, 8.549926e-01f, 8.631572e-01f,
+    8.713671e-01f, 8.796224e-01f, 8.879231e-01f, 8.962694e-01f, 9.046612e-01f, 9.130986e-01f,
+    9.215819e-01f, 9.301109e-01f, 9.386857e-01f, 9.473065e-01f, 9.559733e-01f, 9.646863e-01f,
+    9.734453e-01f, 9.822506e-01f, 9.911021e-01f, 1.000000e+00f};
+
+constexpr std::array<f32, 256> RGB_TO_SRGB_LUT = {
+    0.000000e+00f, 4.984009e-02f, 8.494473e-02f, 1.107021e-01f, 1.318038e-01f, 1.500052e-01f,
+    1.661857e-01f, 1.808585e-01f, 1.943532e-01f, 2.068957e-01f, 2.186491e-01f, 2.297351e-01f,
+    2.402475e-01f, 2.502604e-01f, 2.598334e-01f, 2.690152e-01f, 2.778465e-01f, 2.863614e-01f,
+    2.945889e-01f, 3.025538e-01f, 3.102778e-01f, 3.177796e-01f, 3.250757e-01f, 3.321809e-01f,
+    3.391081e-01f, 3.458689e-01f, 3.524737e-01f, 3.589320e-01f, 3.652521e-01f, 3.714419e-01f,
+    3.775084e-01f, 3.834581e-01f, 3.892968e-01f, 3.950301e-01f, 4.006628e-01f, 4.061998e-01f,
+    4.116451e-01f, 4.170030e-01f, 4.222770e-01f, 4.274707e-01f, 4.325873e-01f, 4.376298e-01f,
+    4.426010e-01f, 4.475037e-01f, 4.523403e-01f, 4.571131e-01f, 4.618246e-01f, 4.664766e-01f,
+    4.710712e-01f, 4.756104e-01f, 4.800958e-01f, 4.845292e-01f, 4.889122e-01f, 4.932462e-01f,
+    4.975329e-01f, 5.017734e-01f, 5.059693e-01f, 5.101216e-01f, 5.142317e-01f, 5.183006e-01f,
+    5.223295e-01f, 5.263194e-01f, 5.302714e-01f, 5.341862e-01f, 5.380651e-01f, 5.419087e-01f,
+    5.457181e-01f, 5.494938e-01f, 5.532369e-01f, 5.569480e-01f, 5.606278e-01f, 5.642771e-01f,
+    5.678965e-01f, 5.714868e-01f, 5.750484e-01f, 5.785821e-01f, 5.820884e-01f, 5.855680e-01f,
+    5.890211e-01f, 5.924487e-01f, 5.958509e-01f, 5.992285e-01f, 6.025819e-01f, 6.059114e-01f,
+    6.092176e-01f, 6.125010e-01f, 6.157619e-01f, 6.190008e-01f, 6.222180e-01f, 6.254140e-01f,
+    6.285890e-01f, 6.317436e-01f, 6.348780e-01f, 6.379926e-01f, 6.410878e-01f, 6.441637e-01f,
+    6.472208e-01f, 6.502595e-01f, 6.532799e-01f, 6.562824e-01f, 6.592672e-01f, 6.622347e-01f,
+    6.651851e-01f, 6.681187e-01f, 6.710356e-01f, 6.739363e-01f, 6.768209e-01f, 6.796897e-01f,
+    6.825429e-01f, 6.853807e-01f, 6.882034e-01f, 6.910111e-01f, 6.938041e-01f, 6.965826e-01f,
+    6.993468e-01f, 7.020969e-01f, 7.048331e-01f, 7.075556e-01f, 7.102645e-01f, 7.129600e-01f,
+    7.156424e-01f, 7.183118e-01f, 7.209683e-01f, 7.236121e-01f, 7.262435e-01f, 7.288625e-01f,
+    7.314693e-01f, 7.340640e-01f, 7.366470e-01f, 7.392181e-01f, 7.417776e-01f, 7.443256e-01f,
+    7.468624e-01f, 7.493880e-01f, 7.519025e-01f, 7.544061e-01f, 7.568989e-01f, 7.593810e-01f,
+    7.618526e-01f, 7.643137e-01f, 7.667645e-01f, 7.692052e-01f, 7.716358e-01f, 7.740564e-01f,
+    7.764671e-01f, 7.788681e-01f, 7.812595e-01f, 7.836413e-01f, 7.860138e-01f, 7.883768e-01f,
+    7.907307e-01f, 7.930754e-01f, 7.954110e-01f, 7.977377e-01f, 8.000556e-01f, 8.023647e-01f,
+    8.046651e-01f, 8.069569e-01f, 8.092403e-01f, 8.115152e-01f, 8.137818e-01f, 8.160402e-01f,
+    8.182903e-01f, 8.205324e-01f, 8.227665e-01f, 8.249926e-01f, 8.272109e-01f, 8.294214e-01f,
+    8.316242e-01f, 8.338194e-01f, 8.360070e-01f, 8.381871e-01f, 8.403597e-01f, 8.425251e-01f,
+    8.446831e-01f, 8.468339e-01f, 8.489776e-01f, 8.511142e-01f, 8.532437e-01f, 8.553662e-01f,
+    8.574819e-01f, 8.595907e-01f, 8.616927e-01f, 8.637881e-01f, 8.658767e-01f, 8.679587e-01f,
+    8.700342e-01f, 8.721032e-01f, 8.741657e-01f, 8.762218e-01f, 8.782716e-01f, 8.803151e-01f,
+    8.823524e-01f, 8.843835e-01f, 8.864085e-01f, 8.884274e-01f, 8.904402e-01f, 8.924471e-01f,
+    8.944480e-01f, 8.964431e-01f, 8.984324e-01f, 9.004158e-01f, 9.023935e-01f, 9.043654e-01f,
+    9.063318e-01f, 9.082925e-01f, 9.102476e-01f, 9.121972e-01f, 9.141413e-01f, 9.160800e-01f,
+    9.180133e-01f, 9.199412e-01f, 9.218637e-01f, 9.237810e-01f, 9.256931e-01f, 9.276000e-01f,
+    9.295017e-01f, 9.313982e-01f, 9.332896e-01f, 9.351761e-01f, 9.370575e-01f, 9.389339e-01f,
+    9.408054e-01f, 9.426719e-01f, 9.445336e-01f, 9.463905e-01f, 9.482424e-01f, 9.500897e-01f,
+    9.519322e-01f, 9.537700e-01f, 9.556032e-01f, 9.574316e-01f, 9.592555e-01f, 9.610748e-01f,
+    9.628896e-01f, 9.646998e-01f, 9.665055e-01f, 9.683068e-01f, 9.701037e-01f, 9.718961e-01f,
+    9.736842e-01f, 9.754679e-01f, 9.772474e-01f, 9.790225e-01f, 9.807934e-01f, 9.825601e-01f,
+    9.843225e-01f, 9.860808e-01f, 9.878350e-01f, 9.895850e-01f, 9.913309e-01f, 9.930727e-01f,
+    9.948106e-01f, 9.965444e-01f, 9.982741e-01f, 1.000000e+00f};
+
+} // namespace
+
+struct R32G32B32A32_FLOATTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32, 32, 32, 32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::A};
+};
+
+struct R32G32B32A32_SINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32, 32, 32, 32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::A};
+};
+
+struct R32G32B32A32_UINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32, 32, 32, 32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::A};
+};
+
+struct R32G32B32X32_FLOATTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32, 32, 32, 32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::None};
+};
+
+struct R32G32B32X32_SINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32, 32, 32, 32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::None};
+};
+
+struct R32G32B32X32_UINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32, 32, 32, 32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::None};
+};
+
+struct R16G16B16A16_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16, 16, 16, 16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::A};
+};
+
+struct R16G16B16A16_SNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SNORM, ComponentType::SNORM, ComponentType::SNORM, ComponentType::SNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16, 16, 16, 16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::A};
+};
+
+struct R16G16B16A16_SINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16, 16, 16, 16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::A};
+};
+
+struct R16G16B16A16_UINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16, 16, 16, 16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::A};
+};
+
+struct R16G16B16A16_FLOATTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16, 16, 16, 16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::A};
+};
+
+struct R32G32_FLOATTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32, 32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct R32G32_SINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32, 32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct R32G32_UINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32, 32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct R16G16B16X16_FLOATTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16, 16, 16, 16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::None};
+};
+
+struct A8R8G8B8_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8, 8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::A, Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B};
+};
+
+struct A8R8G8B8_SRGBTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8, 8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::A, Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B};
+};
+
+struct A2B10G10R10_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {2, 10, 10, 10};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::A, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct A2B10G10R10_UINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {2, 10, 10, 10};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::A, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct A2R10G10B10_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {2, 10, 10, 10};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::A, Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B};
+};
+
+struct A8B8G8R8_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8, 8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::A, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct A8B8G8R8_SRGBTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8, 8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::A, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct A8B8G8R8_SNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SNORM, ComponentType::SNORM, ComponentType::SNORM, ComponentType::SNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8, 8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::A, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct A8B8G8R8_SINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8, 8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::A, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct A8B8G8R8_UINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8, 8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::A, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R16G16_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16, 16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct R16G16_SNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SNORM, ComponentType::SNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16, 16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct R16G16_SINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16, 16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct R16G16_UINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16, 16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct R16G16_FLOATTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16, 16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct B10G11R11_FLOATTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 3;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT, ComponentType::FLOAT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {10, 11, 11};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::B, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R32_SINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R32_UINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R32_FLOATTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::FLOAT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {32};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct X8R8G8B8_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8, 8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::None, Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B};
+};
+
+struct X8R8G8B8_SRGBTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8, 8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::None, Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B};
+};
+
+struct R5G6B5_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 3;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {5, 6, 5};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B};
+};
+
+struct A1R5G5B5_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {1, 5, 5, 5};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::A, Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B};
+};
+
+struct R8G8_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct R8G8_SNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SNORM, ComponentType::SNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct R8G8_SINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SINT, ComponentType::SINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct R8G8_UINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 2;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UINT, ComponentType::UINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R,
+                                                                              Swizzle::G};
+};
+
+struct R16_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R16_SNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R16_SINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R16_UINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R16_FLOATTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::FLOAT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {16};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R8_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R8_SNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R8_SINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct R8_UINTTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 1;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UINT};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct X1R5G5B5_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {1, 5, 5, 5};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::None, Swizzle::R, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::B};
+};
+
+struct X8B8G8R8_UNORMTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM, ComponentType::UNORM};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8, 8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::None, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+struct X8B8G8R8_SRGBTraits {
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = 4;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = {
+        ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB, ComponentType::SRGB};
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = {8, 8, 8, 8};
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = {
+        Swizzle::None, Swizzle::B, Swizzle::G, Swizzle::R};
+};
+
+template <class ConverterTraits>
+class ConverterImpl : public Converter {
+private:
+    static constexpr size_t num_components = ConverterTraits::num_components;
+    static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types =
+        ConverterTraits::component_types;
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes =
+        ConverterTraits::component_sizes;
+    static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle =
+        ConverterTraits::component_swizzle;
+
+    static constexpr size_t CalculateByteSize() {
+        size_t size = 0;
+        for (const size_t component_size : component_sizes) {
+            size += component_size;
+        }
+        const size_t power = (sizeof(size_t) * 8) - std::countl_zero(size) - 1ULL;
+        const size_t base_size = 1ULL << power;
+        const size_t mask = base_size - 1ULL;
+        return ((size & mask) != 0 ? base_size << 1ULL : base_size) / 8;
+    }
+
+    static constexpr size_t total_bytes_per_pixel = CalculateByteSize();
+    static constexpr size_t total_words_per_pixel =
+        (total_bytes_per_pixel + sizeof(u32) - 1U) / sizeof(u32);
+    static constexpr size_t components_per_ir_rep = 4;
+
+    template <bool get_offsets>
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> GetBoundWordsOffsets() {
+        std::array<size_t, num_components> result;
+        result.fill(0);
+        constexpr size_t total_bits_per_word = sizeof(u32) * 8;
+        size_t accumulated_size = 0;
+        size_t count = 0;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < num_components; i++) {
+            if constexpr (get_offsets) {
+                result[i] = accumulated_size;
+            } else {
+                result[i] = count;
+            }
+            accumulated_size += component_sizes[i];
+            if (accumulated_size > total_bits_per_word) {
+                if constexpr (get_offsets) {
+                    result[i] = 0;
+                } else {
+                    result[i]++;
+                }
+                count++;
+                accumulated_size = component_sizes[i];
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> bound_words = GetBoundWordsOffsets<false>();
+    static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> bound_offsets =
+        GetBoundWordsOffsets<true>();
+
+    static constexpr std::array<u32, num_components> GetComponentsMask() {
+        std::array<u32, num_components> result;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < num_components; i++) {
+            result[i] = (((u32)~0) >> (8 * sizeof(u32) - component_sizes[i])) << bound_offsets[i];
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    static constexpr std::array<u32, num_components> component_mask = GetComponentsMask();
+
+    // We are forcing inline so the compiler can SIMD the conversations, since it may do 4 function
+    // calls, it may fail to detect the benefit of inlining.
+    template <size_t which_component>
+    FORCE_INLINE void ConvertToComponent(u32 which_word, f32& out_component) {
+        const u32 value = (which_word >> bound_offsets[which_component]) &
+                          static_cast<u32>((1ULL << component_sizes[which_component]) - 1ULL);
+        const auto sign_extend = [](u32 base_value, size_t bits) {
+            const size_t shift_amount = sizeof(u32) * 8 - bits;
+            s32 shifted_value = static_cast<s32>(base_value << shift_amount);
+            return shifted_value >> shift_amount;
+        };
+        const auto force_to_fp16 = [](f32 base_value) {
+            u32 tmp = std::bit_cast<u32>(base_value);
+            constexpr size_t fp32_mantissa_bits = 23;
+            constexpr size_t fp16_mantissa_bits = 10;
+            constexpr size_t mantissa_mask =
+                ~((1ULL << (fp32_mantissa_bits - fp16_mantissa_bits)) - 1ULL);
+            tmp = tmp & static_cast<u32>(mantissa_mask);
+            // TODO: force the exponent within the range of half float. Not needed in UNORM / SNORM
+            return std::bit_cast<f32>(tmp);
+        };
+        const auto from_fp_n = [&sign_extend](u32 base_value, size_t bits, size_t mantissa) {
+            constexpr size_t fp32_mantissa_bits = 23;
+            size_t shift_towards = fp32_mantissa_bits - mantissa;
+            const u32 new_value =
+                static_cast<u32>(sign_extend(base_value, bits) << shift_towards) & (~(1U << 31));
+            return std::bit_cast<f32>(new_value);
+        };
+        const auto calculate_snorm = [&]() {
+            return static_cast<f32>(
+                static_cast<f32>(sign_extend(value, component_sizes[which_component])) /
+                static_cast<f32>((1ULL << (component_sizes[which_component] - 1ULL)) - 1ULL));
+        };
+        const auto calculate_unorm = [&]() {
+            return static_cast<f32>(
+                static_cast<f32>(value) /
+                static_cast<f32>((1ULL << (component_sizes[which_component])) - 1ULL));
+        };
+        if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::SNORM) {
+            out_component = calculate_snorm();
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::UNORM) {
+            out_component = calculate_unorm();
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::SINT) {
+            out_component = static_cast<f32>(
+                static_cast<s32>(sign_extend(value, component_sizes[which_component])));
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::UINT) {
+            out_component = static_cast<f32>(
+                static_cast<s32>(sign_extend(value, component_sizes[which_component])));
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::SNORM_FORCE_FP16) {
+            out_component = calculate_snorm();
+            out_component = force_to_fp16(out_component);
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::UNORM_FORCE_FP16) {
+            out_component = calculate_unorm();
+            out_component = force_to_fp16(out_component);
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::FLOAT) {
+            if constexpr (component_sizes[which_component] == 32) {
+                out_component = std::bit_cast<f32>(value);
+            } else if constexpr (component_sizes[which_component] == 16) {
+                static constexpr u32 sign_mask = 0x8000;
+                static constexpr u32 mantissa_mask = 0x8000;
+                out_component = std::bit_cast<f32>(((value & sign_mask) << 16) |
+                                                   (((value & 0x7c00) + 0x1C000) << 13) |
+                                                   ((value & mantissa_mask) << 13));
+            } else {
+                out_component = from_fp_n(value, component_sizes[which_component],
+                                          component_sizes[which_component] - 5);
+            }
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::SRGB) {
+            if constexpr (component_swizzle[which_component] == Swizzle::A) {
+                out_component = calculate_unorm();
+            } else if constexpr (component_sizes[which_component] == 8) {
+                out_component = SRGB_TO_RGB_LUT[value];
+            } else {
+                out_component = calculate_unorm();
+                UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("SRGB Conversion with component sizes of {} is unimplemented",
+                                  component_sizes[which_component]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // We are forcing inline so the compiler can SIMD the conversations, since it may do 4 function
+    // calls, it may fail to detect the benefit of inlining.
+    template <size_t which_component>
+    FORCE_INLINE void ConvertFromComponent(u32& which_word, f32 in_component) {
+        const auto insert_to_word = [&]<typename T>(T new_word) {
+            which_word |= (static_cast<u32>(new_word) << bound_offsets[which_component]) &
+                          component_mask[which_component];
+        };
+        const auto to_fp_n = [](f32 base_value, size_t bits, size_t mantissa) {
+            constexpr size_t fp32_mantissa_bits = 23;
+            u32 tmp_value = std::bit_cast<u32>(std::max(base_value, 0.0f));
+            size_t shift_towards = fp32_mantissa_bits - mantissa;
+            return tmp_value >> shift_towards;
+        };
+        const auto calculate_unorm = [&]() {
+            return static_cast<u32>(
+                static_cast<f32>(in_component) *
+                static_cast<f32>((1ULL << (component_sizes[which_component])) - 1ULL));
+        };
+        if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::SNORM ||
+                      component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::SNORM_FORCE_FP16) {
+            s32 tmp_word = static_cast<s32>(
+                static_cast<f32>(in_component) *
+                static_cast<f32>((1ULL << (component_sizes[which_component] - 1ULL)) - 1ULL));
+            insert_to_word(tmp_word);
+
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::UNORM ||
+                             component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::UNORM_FORCE_FP16) {
+            u32 tmp_word = calculate_unorm();
+            insert_to_word(tmp_word);
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::SINT) {
+            s32 tmp_word = static_cast<s32>(in_component);
+            insert_to_word(tmp_word);
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::UINT) {
+            u32 tmp_word = static_cast<u32>(in_component);
+            insert_to_word(tmp_word);
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::FLOAT) {
+            if constexpr (component_sizes[which_component] == 32) {
+                u32 tmp_word = std::bit_cast<u32>(in_component);
+                insert_to_word(tmp_word);
+            } else if constexpr (component_sizes[which_component] == 16) {
+                static constexpr u32 sign_mask = 0x8000;
+                static constexpr u32 mantissa_mask = 0x03ff;
+                static constexpr u32 exponent_mask = 0x7c00;
+                const u32 tmp_word = std::bit_cast<u32>(in_component);
+                const u32 half = ((tmp_word >> 16) & sign_mask) |
+                                 ((((tmp_word & 0x7f800000) - 0x38000000) >> 13) & exponent_mask) |
+                                 ((tmp_word >> 13) & mantissa_mask);
+                insert_to_word(half);
+            } else {
+                insert_to_word(to_fp_n(in_component, component_sizes[which_component],
+                                       component_sizes[which_component] - 5));
+            }
+        } else if constexpr (component_types[which_component] == ComponentType::SRGB) {
+            if constexpr (component_swizzle[which_component] != Swizzle::A) {
+                if constexpr (component_sizes[which_component] == 8) {
+                    const u32 index = calculate_unorm();
+                    in_component = RGB_TO_SRGB_LUT[index];
+                } else {
+                    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("SRGB Conversion with component sizes of {} is unimplemented",
+                                      component_sizes[which_component]);
+                }
+            }
+            const u32 tmp_word = calculate_unorm();
+            insert_to_word(tmp_word);
+        }
+    }
+
+public:
+    void ConvertTo(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<f32> output) override {
+        const size_t num_pixels = output.size() / components_per_ir_rep;
+        for (size_t pixel = 0; pixel < num_pixels; pixel++) {
+            std::array<u32, total_words_per_pixel> words{};
+
+            std::memcpy(words.data(), &input[pixel * total_bytes_per_pixel], total_bytes_per_pixel);
+            std::span<f32> new_components(&output[pixel * components_per_ir_rep],
+                                          components_per_ir_rep);
+            if constexpr (component_swizzle[0] != Swizzle::None) {
+                ConvertToComponent<0>(words[bound_words[0]],
+                                      new_components[static_cast<size_t>(component_swizzle[0])]);
+            } else {
+                new_components[0] = 0.0f;
+            }
+            if constexpr (num_components >= 2) {
+                if constexpr (component_swizzle[1] != Swizzle::None) {
+                    ConvertToComponent<1>(
+                        words[bound_words[1]],
+                        new_components[static_cast<size_t>(component_swizzle[1])]);
+                } else {
+                    new_components[1] = 0.0f;
+                }
+            } else {
+                new_components[1] = 0.0f;
+            }
+            if constexpr (num_components >= 3) {
+                if constexpr (component_swizzle[2] != Swizzle::None) {
+                    ConvertToComponent<2>(
+                        words[bound_words[2]],
+                        new_components[static_cast<size_t>(component_swizzle[2])]);
+                } else {
+                    new_components[2] = 0.0f;
+                }
+            } else {
+                new_components[2] = 0.0f;
+            }
+            if constexpr (num_components >= 4) {
+                if constexpr (component_swizzle[3] != Swizzle::None) {
+                    ConvertToComponent<3>(
+                        words[bound_words[3]],
+                        new_components[static_cast<size_t>(component_swizzle[3])]);
+                } else {
+                    new_components[3] = 0.0f;
+                }
+            } else {
+                new_components[3] = 0.0f;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void ConvertFrom(std::span<const f32> input, std::span<u8> output) override {
+        const size_t num_pixels = output.size() / total_bytes_per_pixel;
+        for (size_t pixel = 0; pixel < num_pixels; pixel++) {
+            std::span<const f32> old_components(&input[pixel * components_per_ir_rep],
+                                                components_per_ir_rep);
+            std::array<u32, total_words_per_pixel> words{};
+            if constexpr (component_swizzle[0] != Swizzle::None) {
+                ConvertFromComponent<0>(words[bound_words[0]],
+                                        old_components[static_cast<size_t>(component_swizzle[0])]);
+            }
+            if constexpr (num_components >= 2) {
+                if constexpr (component_swizzle[1] != Swizzle::None) {
+                    ConvertFromComponent<1>(
+                        words[bound_words[1]],
+                        old_components[static_cast<size_t>(component_swizzle[1])]);
+                }
+            }
+            if constexpr (num_components >= 3) {
+                if constexpr (component_swizzle[2] != Swizzle::None) {
+                    ConvertFromComponent<2>(
+                        words[bound_words[2]],
+                        old_components[static_cast<size_t>(component_swizzle[2])]);
+                }
+            }
+            if constexpr (num_components >= 4) {
+                if constexpr (component_swizzle[3] != Swizzle::None) {
+                    ConvertFromComponent<3>(
+                        words[bound_words[3]],
+                        old_components[static_cast<size_t>(component_swizzle[3])]);
+                }
+            }
+            std::memcpy(&output[pixel * total_bytes_per_pixel], words.data(),
+                        total_bytes_per_pixel);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ConverterImpl() = default;
+    ~ConverterImpl() override = default;
+};
+
+struct ConverterFactory::ConverterFactoryImpl {
+    std::unordered_map<RenderTargetFormat, std::unique_ptr<Converter>> converters_cache;
+};
+
+ConverterFactory::ConverterFactory() {
+    impl = std::make_unique<ConverterFactoryImpl>();
+}
+
+ConverterFactory::~ConverterFactory() = default;
+
+Converter* ConverterFactory::GetFormatConverter(RenderTargetFormat format) {
+    auto it = impl->converters_cache.find(format);
+    if (it == impl->converters_cache.end()) [[unlikely]] {
+        return BuildConverter(format);
+    }
+    return it->second.get();
+}
+
+class NullConverter : public Converter {
+public:
+    void ConvertTo([[maybe_unused]] std::span<const u8> input, std::span<f32> output) override {
+        std::fill(output.begin(), output.end(), 0.0f);
+    }
+    void ConvertFrom([[maybe_unused]] std::span<const f32> input, std::span<u8> output) override {
+        const u8 fill_value = 0U;
+        std::fill(output.begin(), output.end(), fill_value);
+    }
+    NullConverter() = default;
+    ~NullConverter() = default;
+};
+
+Converter* ConverterFactory::BuildConverter(RenderTargetFormat format) {
+    switch (format) {
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32A32_FLOAT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32G32B32A32_FLOATTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32A32_SINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32G32B32A32_SINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32A32_UINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32G32B32A32_UINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32X32_FLOAT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32G32B32X32_FLOATTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32X32_SINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32G32B32X32_SINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32X32_UINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32G32B32X32_UINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16G16B16A16_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16G16B16A16_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16G16B16A16_SNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16G16B16A16_SNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16G16B16A16_SINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16G16B16A16_SINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16G16B16A16_UINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16G16B16A16_UINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16G16B16A16_FLOAT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16G16B16A16_FLOATTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32G32_FLOAT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32G32_FLOATTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32G32_SINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32G32_SINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32G32_UINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32G32_UINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16G16B16X16_FLOAT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16G16B16X16_FLOATTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::A8R8G8B8_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<A8R8G8B8_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::A8R8G8B8_SRGB:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<A8R8G8B8_SRGBTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::A2B10G10R10_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<A2B10G10R10_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::A2B10G10R10_UINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<A2B10G10R10_UINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::A2R10G10B10_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<A2R10G10B10_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::A8B8G8R8_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<A8B8G8R8_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::A8B8G8R8_SRGB:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<A8B8G8R8_SRGBTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::A8B8G8R8_SNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<A8B8G8R8_SNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::A8B8G8R8_SINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<A8B8G8R8_SINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::A8B8G8R8_UINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<A8B8G8R8_UINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16G16_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16G16_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16G16_SNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16G16_SNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16G16_SINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16G16_SINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16G16_UINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16G16_UINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16G16_FLOAT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16G16_FLOATTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::B10G11R11_FLOAT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<B10G11R11_FLOATTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32_SINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32_SINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32_UINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32_UINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R32_FLOAT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R32_FLOATTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::X8R8G8B8_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<X8R8G8B8_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::X8R8G8B8_SRGB:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<X8R8G8B8_SRGBTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R5G6B5_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R5G6B5_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::A1R5G5B5_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<A1R5G5B5_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R8G8_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R8G8_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R8G8_SNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R8G8_SNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R8G8_SINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R8G8_SINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R8G8_UINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R8G8_UINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16_SNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16_SNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16_SINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16_SINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16_UINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16_UINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R16_FLOAT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R16_FLOATTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R8_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R8_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R8_SNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R8_SNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R8_SINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R8_SINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::R8_UINT:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<R8_UINTTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::X1R5G5B5_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<X1R5G5B5_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::X8B8G8R8_UNORM:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<X8B8G8R8_UNORMTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    case RenderTargetFormat::X8B8G8R8_SRGB:
+        return impl->converters_cache
+            .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<X8B8G8R8_SRGBTraits>>())
+            .first->second.get();
+        break;
+    default: {
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("This format {} converter is not implemented", format);
+        return impl->converters_cache.emplace(format, std::make_unique<NullConverter>())
+            .first->second.get();
+    }
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Engines::Blitter
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/converter.h b/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/converter.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f9bdc516e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/converter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <span>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+
+namespace Tegra::Engines::Blitter {
+
+class Converter {
+public:
+    virtual void ConvertTo(std::span<const u8> input, std::span<f32> output) = 0;
+    virtual void ConvertFrom(std::span<const f32> input, std::span<u8> output) = 0;
+    virtual ~Converter() = default;
+};
+
+class ConverterFactory {
+public:
+    ConverterFactory();
+    ~ConverterFactory();
+
+    Converter* GetFormatConverter(RenderTargetFormat format);
+
+private:
+    Converter* BuildConverter(RenderTargetFormat format);
+
+    struct ConverterFactoryImpl;
+    std::unique_ptr<ConverterFactoryImpl> impl;
+};
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Engines::Blitter
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/generate_converters.py b/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/generate_converters.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f641564f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/sw_blitter/generate_converters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+
+import re
+
+class Format:
+    def __init__(self, string_value):
+        self.name = string_value
+        tmp = string_value.split('_')
+        self.component_type = tmp[1]
+        component_data = re.findall(r"\w\d+", tmp[0])
+        self.num_components = len(component_data)
+        sizes = []
+        swizzle = []
+        for data in component_data:
+            swizzle.append(data[0])
+            sizes.append(int(data[1:]))
+        self.sizes = sizes
+        self.swizzle = swizzle
+
+    def build_component_type_array(self):
+        result = "{ "
+        b = False
+        for i in range(0, self.num_components):
+            if b:
+                result += ", "
+            b = True
+            result += "ComponentType::" + self.component_type
+        result += " }"
+        return result
+
+    def build_component_sizes_array(self):
+        result = "{ "
+        b = False
+        for i in range(0, self.num_components):
+            if b:
+                result += ", "
+            b = True
+            result += str(self.sizes[i])
+        result += " }"
+        return result
+
+    def build_component_swizzle_array(self):
+        result = "{ "
+        b = False
+        for i in range(0, self.num_components):
+            if b:
+                result += ", "
+            b = True
+            swizzle = self.swizzle[i]
+            if swizzle == "X":
+                swizzle = "None"
+            result += "Swizzle::" + swizzle
+        result += " }"
+        return result
+
+    def print_declaration(self):
+        print("struct " + self.name + "Traits {")
+        print("  static constexpr size_t num_components = " + str(self.num_components) + ";")
+        print("  static constexpr std::array<ComponentType, num_components> component_types = " + self.build_component_type_array() + ";")
+        print("  static constexpr std::array<size_t, num_components> component_sizes = " + self.build_component_sizes_array() + ";")
+        print("  static constexpr std::array<Swizzle, num_components> component_swizzle = " + self.build_component_swizzle_array() + ";")
+        print("};\n")
+
+    def print_case(self):
+        print("case RenderTargetFormat::" + self.name + ":")
+        print("  return impl->converters_cache")
+        print("    .emplace(format, std::make_unique<ConverterImpl<" + self.name + "Traits>>())")
+        print("    .first->second.get();")
+        print("  break;")
+
+txt = """
+R32G32B32A32_FLOAT
+R32G32B32A32_SINT
+R32G32B32A32_UINT
+R32G32B32X32_FLOAT
+R32G32B32X32_SINT
+R32G32B32X32_UINT
+R16G16B16A16_UNORM
+R16G16B16A16_SNORM
+R16G16B16A16_SINT
+R16G16B16A16_UINT
+R16G16B16A16_FLOAT
+R32G32_FLOAT
+R32G32_SINT
+R32G32_UINT
+R16G16B16X16_FLOAT
+A8R8G8B8_UNORM
+A8R8G8B8_SRGB
+A2B10G10R10_UNORM
+A2B10G10R10_UINT
+A2R10G10B10_UNORM
+A8B8G8R8_UNORM
+A8B8G8R8_SRGB
+A8B8G8R8_SNORM
+A8B8G8R8_SINT
+A8B8G8R8_UINT
+R16G16_UNORM
+R16G16_SNORM
+R16G16_SINT
+R16G16_UINT
+R16G16_FLOAT
+B10G11R11_FLOAT
+R32_SINT
+R32_UINT
+R32_FLOAT
+X8R8G8B8_UNORM
+X8R8G8B8_SRGB
+R5G6B5_UNORM
+A1R5G5B5_UNORM
+R8G8_UNORM
+R8G8_SNORM
+R8G8_SINT
+R8G8_UINT
+R16_UNORM
+R16_SNORM
+R16_SINT
+R16_UINT
+R16_FLOAT
+R8_UNORM
+R8_SNORM
+R8_SINT
+R8_UINT
+X1R5G5B5_UNORM
+X8B8G8R8_UNORM
+X8B8G8R8_SRGB
+"""
+
+x = txt.split()
+y = list(map(lambda a: Format(a), x))
+formats = list(y)
+for format in formats:
+  format.print_declaration()
+
+for format in formats:
+  format.print_case()
diff --git a/src/video_core/gpu.h b/src/video_core/gpu.h
index d0709dc69..8a871593a 100644
--- a/src/video_core/gpu.h
+++ b/src/video_core/gpu.h
@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@ struct CommandList;
 // TODO: Implement the commented ones
 enum class RenderTargetFormat : u32 {
     NONE = 0x0,
-    R32B32G32A32_FLOAT = 0xC0,
+    R32G32B32A32_FLOAT = 0xC0,
     R32G32B32A32_SINT = 0xC1,
     R32G32B32A32_UINT = 0xC2,
-    // R32G32B32X32_FLOAT = 0xC3,
-    // R32G32B32X32_SINT = 0xC4,
-    // R32G32B32X32_UINT = 0xC5,
+    R32G32B32X32_FLOAT = 0xC3,
+    R32G32B32X32_SINT = 0xC4,
+    R32G32B32X32_UINT = 0xC5,
     R16G16B16A16_UNORM = 0xC6,
     R16G16B16A16_SNORM = 0xC7,
     R16G16B16A16_SINT = 0xC8,
@@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ enum class RenderTargetFormat : u32 {
     R16G16_SINT = 0xDC,
     R16G16_UINT = 0xDD,
     R16G16_FLOAT = 0xDE,
-    // A2R10G10B10_UNORM = 0xDF,
+    A2R10G10B10_UNORM = 0xDF,
     B10G11R11_FLOAT = 0xE0,
     R32_SINT = 0xE3,
     R32_UINT = 0xE4,
     R32_FLOAT = 0xE5,
-    // X8R8G8B8_UNORM = 0xE6,
-    // X8R8G8B8_SRGB = 0xE7,
+    X8R8G8B8_UNORM = 0xE6,
+    X8R8G8B8_SRGB = 0xE7,
     R5G6B5_UNORM = 0xE8,
     A1R5G5B5_UNORM = 0xE9,
     R8G8_UNORM = 0xEA,
@@ -79,11 +79,11 @@ enum class RenderTargetFormat : u32 {
     R8_SINT = 0xF5,
     R8_UINT = 0xF6,
 
-    /*
-    A8_UNORM = 0xF7,
+    // A8_UNORM = 0xF7,
     X1R5G5B5_UNORM = 0xF8,
     X8B8G8R8_UNORM = 0xF9,
     X8B8G8R8_SRGB = 0xFA,
+    /*
     Z1R5G5B5_UNORM = 0xFB,
     O1R5G5B5_UNORM = 0xFC,
     Z8R8G8B8_UNORM = 0xFD,
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.cpp b/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.cpp
index a44fc83d3..8f23ce527 100644
--- a/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.cpp
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ SyncpointManager::ActionHandle SyncpointManager::RegisterAction(
 }
 
 void SyncpointManager::DeregisterAction(std::list<RegisteredAction>& action_storage,
-                                        ActionHandle& handle) {
+                                        const ActionHandle& handle) {
     std::unique_lock lk(guard);
 
     // We want to ensure the iterator still exists prior to erasing it
@@ -49,11 +49,11 @@ void SyncpointManager::DeregisterAction(std::list<RegisteredAction>& action_stor
     }
 }
 
-void SyncpointManager::DeregisterGuestAction(u32 syncpoint_id, ActionHandle& handle) {
+void SyncpointManager::DeregisterGuestAction(u32 syncpoint_id, const ActionHandle& handle) {
     DeregisterAction(guest_action_storage[syncpoint_id], handle);
 }
 
-void SyncpointManager::DeregisterHostAction(u32 syncpoint_id, ActionHandle& handle) {
+void SyncpointManager::DeregisterHostAction(u32 syncpoint_id, const ActionHandle& handle) {
     DeregisterAction(host_action_storage[syncpoint_id], handle);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.h b/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.h
index 50a264e23..847ed20c8 100644
--- a/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.h
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.h
@@ -36,21 +36,19 @@ public:
 
     template <typename Func>
     ActionHandle RegisterGuestAction(u32 syncpoint_id, u32 expected_value, Func&& action) {
-        std::function<void()> func(action);
         return RegisterAction(syncpoints_guest[syncpoint_id], guest_action_storage[syncpoint_id],
-                              expected_value, std::move(func));
+                              expected_value, std::move(action));
     }
 
     template <typename Func>
     ActionHandle RegisterHostAction(u32 syncpoint_id, u32 expected_value, Func&& action) {
-        std::function<void()> func(action);
         return RegisterAction(syncpoints_host[syncpoint_id], host_action_storage[syncpoint_id],
-                              expected_value, std::move(func));
+                              expected_value, std::move(action));
     }
 
-    void DeregisterGuestAction(u32 syncpoint_id, ActionHandle& handle);
+    void DeregisterGuestAction(u32 syncpoint_id, const ActionHandle& handle);
 
-    void DeregisterHostAction(u32 syncpoint_id, ActionHandle& handle);
+    void DeregisterHostAction(u32 syncpoint_id, const ActionHandle& handle);
 
     void IncrementGuest(u32 syncpoint_id);
 
@@ -76,7 +74,7 @@ private:
                                 std::list<RegisteredAction>& action_storage, u32 expected_value,
                                 std::function<void()>&& action);
 
-    void DeregisterAction(std::list<RegisteredAction>& action_storage, ActionHandle& handle);
+    void DeregisterAction(std::list<RegisteredAction>& action_storage, const ActionHandle& handle);
 
     void Wait(std::atomic<u32>& syncpoint, std::condition_variable& wait_cv, u32 expected_value);
 
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
index 354c6e429..f71a316b6 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
@@ -466,8 +466,7 @@ bool RasterizerOpenGL::AccelerateSurfaceCopy(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surf
                                              const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy_config) {
     MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_Blits);
     std::scoped_lock lock{texture_cache.mutex};
-    texture_cache.BlitImage(dst, src, copy_config);
-    return true;
+    return texture_cache.BlitImage(dst, src, copy_config);
 }
 
 Tegra::Engines::AccelerateDMAInterface& RasterizerOpenGL::AccessAccelerateDMA() {
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_cache.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_cache.cpp
index 3fe04a115..a38060100 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_cache.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_cache.cpp
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ using Shader::Backend::GLASM::EmitGLASM;
 using Shader::Backend::GLSL::EmitGLSL;
 using Shader::Backend::SPIRV::EmitSPIRV;
 using Shader::Maxwell::ConvertLegacyToGeneric;
+using Shader::Maxwell::GenerateGeometryPassthrough;
 using Shader::Maxwell::MergeDualVertexPrograms;
 using Shader::Maxwell::TranslateProgram;
 using VideoCommon::ComputeEnvironment;
@@ -56,6 +57,17 @@ auto MakeSpan(Container& container) {
     return std::span(container.data(), container.size());
 }
 
+Shader::OutputTopology MaxwellToOutputTopology(Maxwell::PrimitiveTopology topology) {
+    switch (topology) {
+    case Maxwell::PrimitiveTopology::Points:
+        return Shader::OutputTopology::PointList;
+    case Maxwell::PrimitiveTopology::LineStrip:
+        return Shader::OutputTopology::LineStrip;
+    default:
+        return Shader::OutputTopology::TriangleStrip;
+    }
+}
+
 Shader::RuntimeInfo MakeRuntimeInfo(const GraphicsPipelineKey& key,
                                     const Shader::IR::Program& program,
                                     const Shader::IR::Program* previous_program,
@@ -220,6 +232,7 @@ ShaderCache::ShaderCache(RasterizerOpenGL& rasterizer_, Core::Frontend::EmuWindo
           .support_int64 = device.HasShaderInt64(),
           .needs_demote_reorder = device.IsAmd(),
           .support_snorm_render_buffer = false,
+          .support_viewport_index_layer = device.HasVertexViewportLayer(),
       } {
     if (use_asynchronous_shaders) {
         workers = CreateWorkers();
@@ -314,9 +327,7 @@ GraphicsPipeline* ShaderCache::CurrentGraphicsPipeline() {
     const auto& regs{maxwell3d->regs};
     graphics_key.raw = 0;
     graphics_key.early_z.Assign(regs.mandated_early_z != 0 ? 1 : 0);
-    graphics_key.gs_input_topology.Assign(graphics_key.unique_hashes[4] != 0
-                                              ? regs.draw.topology.Value()
-                                              : Maxwell::PrimitiveTopology{});
+    graphics_key.gs_input_topology.Assign(regs.draw.topology.Value());
     graphics_key.tessellation_primitive.Assign(regs.tessellation.params.domain_type.Value());
     graphics_key.tessellation_spacing.Assign(regs.tessellation.params.spacing.Value());
     graphics_key.tessellation_clockwise.Assign(
@@ -415,7 +426,19 @@ std::unique_ptr<GraphicsPipeline> ShaderCache::CreateGraphicsPipeline(
     std::array<Shader::IR::Program, Maxwell::MaxShaderProgram> programs;
     const bool uses_vertex_a{key.unique_hashes[0] != 0};
     const bool uses_vertex_b{key.unique_hashes[1] != 0};
+
+    // Layer passthrough generation for devices without GL_ARB_shader_viewport_layer_array
+    Shader::IR::Program* layer_source_program{};
+
     for (size_t index = 0; index < Maxwell::MaxShaderProgram; ++index) {
+        const bool is_emulated_stage = layer_source_program != nullptr &&
+                                       index == static_cast<u32>(Maxwell::ShaderType::Geometry);
+        if (key.unique_hashes[index] == 0 && is_emulated_stage) {
+            auto topology = MaxwellToOutputTopology(key.gs_input_topology);
+            programs[index] = GenerateGeometryPassthrough(pools.inst, pools.block, host_info,
+                                                          *layer_source_program, topology);
+            continue;
+        }
         if (key.unique_hashes[index] == 0) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -443,6 +466,10 @@ std::unique_ptr<GraphicsPipeline> ShaderCache::CreateGraphicsPipeline(
                 Shader::NumDescriptors(program_vb.info.storage_buffers_descriptors);
             programs[index] = MergeDualVertexPrograms(program_va, program_vb, env);
         }
+
+        if (programs[index].info.requires_layer_emulation) {
+            layer_source_program = &programs[index];
+        }
     }
     const u32 glasm_storage_buffer_limit{device.GetMaxGLASMStorageBufferBlocks()};
     const bool glasm_use_storage_buffers{total_storage_buffers <= glasm_storage_buffer_limit};
@@ -456,7 +483,9 @@ std::unique_ptr<GraphicsPipeline> ShaderCache::CreateGraphicsPipeline(
     const bool use_glasm{device.UseAssemblyShaders()};
     const size_t first_index = uses_vertex_a && uses_vertex_b ? 1 : 0;
     for (size_t index = first_index; index < Maxwell::MaxShaderProgram; ++index) {
-        if (key.unique_hashes[index] == 0) {
+        const bool is_emulated_stage = layer_source_program != nullptr &&
+                                       index == static_cast<u32>(Maxwell::ShaderType::Geometry);
+        if (key.unique_hashes[index] == 0 && !is_emulated_stage) {
             continue;
         }
         UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(index == 0);
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/maxwell_to_gl.h b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/maxwell_to_gl.h
index e14f9b2db..ef1190e1f 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/maxwell_to_gl.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/maxwell_to_gl.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ constexpr std::array<FormatTuple, VideoCore::Surface::MaxPixelFormat> FORMAT_TAB
     {GL_RGB5_A1, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_1_5_5_5_REV},             // A1R5G5B5_UNORM
     {GL_RGB10_A2, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_2_10_10_10_REV},           // A2B10G10R10_UNORM
     {GL_RGB10_A2UI, GL_RGBA_INTEGER, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_2_10_10_10_REV}, // A2B10G10R10_UINT
+    {GL_RGB10_A2, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_2_10_10_10_REV},           // A2R10G10B10_UNORM
     {GL_RGB5_A1, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_1_5_5_5_REV},             // A1B5G5R5_UNORM
     {GL_RGB5_A1, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_5_5_1},                 // A5B5G5R1_UNORM
     {GL_R8, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE},                                // R8_UNORM
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/maxwell_to_vk.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/maxwell_to_vk.cpp
index 5c156087b..430a84272 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/maxwell_to_vk.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/maxwell_to_vk.cpp
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ struct FormatTuple {
     {VK_FORMAT_A1R5G5B5_UNORM_PACK16, Attachable},              // A1R5G5B5_UNORM
     {VK_FORMAT_A2B10G10R10_UNORM_PACK32, Attachable | Storage}, // A2B10G10R10_UNORM
     {VK_FORMAT_A2B10G10R10_UINT_PACK32, Attachable | Storage},  // A2B10G10R10_UINT
+    {VK_FORMAT_A2R10G10B10_UNORM_PACK32, Attachable | Storage}, // A2R10G10B10_UNORM
     {VK_FORMAT_A1R5G5B5_UNORM_PACK16, Attachable},         // A1B5G5R5_UNORM (flipped with swizzle)
     {VK_FORMAT_R5G5B5A1_UNORM_PACK16},                     // A5B5G5R1_UNORM (specially swizzled)
     {VK_FORMAT_R8_UNORM, Attachable | Storage},            // R8_UNORM
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@ struct FormatTuple {
     {VK_FORMAT_BC6H_UFLOAT_BLOCK},                             // BC6H_UFLOAT
     {VK_FORMAT_BC6H_SFLOAT_BLOCK},                             // BC6H_SFLOAT
     {VK_FORMAT_ASTC_4x4_UNORM_BLOCK},                          // ASTC_2D_4X4_UNORM
-    {VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM, Attachable},                    // B8G8R8A8_UNORM
+    {VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM, Attachable | Storage},          // B8G8R8A8_UNORM
     {VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_SFLOAT, Attachable | Storage},     // R32G32B32A32_FLOAT
     {VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_SINT, Attachable | Storage},       // R32G32B32A32_SINT
     {VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT, Attachable | Storage},           // R32G32_FLOAT
@@ -159,7 +160,7 @@ struct FormatTuple {
     {VK_FORMAT_R16_UNORM, Attachable | Storage},               // R16_UNORM
     {VK_FORMAT_R16_SNORM, Attachable | Storage},               // R16_SNORM
     {VK_FORMAT_R16_UINT, Attachable | Storage},                // R16_UINT
-    {VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED},                                     // R16_SINT
+    {VK_FORMAT_R16_SINT, Attachable | Storage},                // R16_SINT
     {VK_FORMAT_R16G16_UNORM, Attachable | Storage},            // R16G16_UNORM
     {VK_FORMAT_R16G16_SFLOAT, Attachable | Storage},           // R16G16_FLOAT
     {VK_FORMAT_R16G16_UINT, Attachable | Storage},             // R16G16_UINT
@@ -183,7 +184,7 @@ struct FormatTuple {
     {VK_FORMAT_BC2_SRGB_BLOCK},                                // BC2_SRGB
     {VK_FORMAT_BC3_SRGB_BLOCK},                                // BC3_SRGB
     {VK_FORMAT_BC7_SRGB_BLOCK},                                // BC7_SRGB
-    {VK_FORMAT_R4G4B4A4_UNORM_PACK16, Attachable},             // A4B4G4R4_UNORM
+    {VK_FORMAT_R4G4B4A4_UNORM_PACK16},                         // A4B4G4R4_UNORM
     {VK_FORMAT_R4G4_UNORM_PACK8},                              // G4R4_UNORM
     {VK_FORMAT_ASTC_4x4_SRGB_BLOCK},                           // ASTC_2D_4X4_SRGB
     {VK_FORMAT_ASTC_8x8_SRGB_BLOCK},                           // ASTC_2D_8X8_SRGB
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_fsr.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_fsr.cpp
index dd450169e..33daa8c1c 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_fsr.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_fsr.cpp
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "common/bit_cast.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/div_ceil.h"
+#include "common/settings.h"
 
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/vulkan_fidelityfx_fsr_easu_fp16_comp_spv.h"
 #include "video_core/host_shaders/vulkan_fidelityfx_fsr_easu_fp32_comp_spv.h"
@@ -227,7 +228,10 @@ VkImageView FSR::Draw(Scheduler& scheduler, size_t image_index, VkImageView imag
 
         cmdbuf.BindPipeline(VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE, *rcas_pipeline);
 
-        FsrRcasCon(push_constants.data(), 0.25f);
+        const float sharpening =
+            static_cast<float>(Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.GetValue()) / 100.0f;
+
+        FsrRcasCon(push_constants.data(), sharpening);
         cmdbuf.PushConstants(*pipeline_layout, VK_SHADER_STAGE_COMPUTE_BIT, push_constants);
 
         {
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_pipeline_cache.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_pipeline_cache.cpp
index 5995aeff0..29da442fa 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_pipeline_cache.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_pipeline_cache.cpp
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ MICROPROFILE_DECLARE(Vulkan_PipelineCache);
 namespace {
 using Shader::Backend::SPIRV::EmitSPIRV;
 using Shader::Maxwell::ConvertLegacyToGeneric;
+using Shader::Maxwell::GenerateGeometryPassthrough;
 using Shader::Maxwell::MergeDualVertexPrograms;
 using Shader::Maxwell::TranslateProgram;
 using VideoCommon::ComputeEnvironment;
@@ -60,6 +61,17 @@ auto MakeSpan(Container& container) {
     return std::span(container.data(), container.size());
 }
 
+Shader::OutputTopology MaxwellToOutputTopology(Maxwell::PrimitiveTopology topology) {
+    switch (topology) {
+    case Maxwell::PrimitiveTopology::Points:
+        return Shader::OutputTopology::PointList;
+    case Maxwell::PrimitiveTopology::LineStrip:
+        return Shader::OutputTopology::LineStrip;
+    default:
+        return Shader::OutputTopology::TriangleStrip;
+    }
+}
+
 Shader::CompareFunction MaxwellToCompareFunction(Maxwell::ComparisonOp comparison) {
     switch (comparison) {
     case Maxwell::ComparisonOp::Never_D3D:
@@ -327,6 +339,7 @@ PipelineCache::PipelineCache(RasterizerVulkan& rasterizer_, const Device& device
         .needs_demote_reorder = driver_id == VK_DRIVER_ID_AMD_PROPRIETARY_KHR ||
                                 driver_id == VK_DRIVER_ID_AMD_OPEN_SOURCE_KHR,
         .support_snorm_render_buffer = true,
+        .support_viewport_index_layer = device.IsExtShaderViewportIndexLayerSupported(),
     };
 }
 
@@ -509,7 +522,19 @@ std::unique_ptr<GraphicsPipeline> PipelineCache::CreateGraphicsPipeline(
     std::array<Shader::IR::Program, Maxwell::MaxShaderProgram> programs;
     const bool uses_vertex_a{key.unique_hashes[0] != 0};
     const bool uses_vertex_b{key.unique_hashes[1] != 0};
+
+    // Layer passthrough generation for devices without VK_EXT_shader_viewport_index_layer
+    Shader::IR::Program* layer_source_program{};
+
     for (size_t index = 0; index < Maxwell::MaxShaderProgram; ++index) {
+        const bool is_emulated_stage = layer_source_program != nullptr &&
+                                       index == static_cast<u32>(Maxwell::ShaderType::Geometry);
+        if (key.unique_hashes[index] == 0 && is_emulated_stage) {
+            auto topology = MaxwellToOutputTopology(key.state.topology);
+            programs[index] = GenerateGeometryPassthrough(pools.inst, pools.block, host_info,
+                                                          *layer_source_program, topology);
+            continue;
+        }
         if (key.unique_hashes[index] == 0) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -530,6 +555,10 @@ std::unique_ptr<GraphicsPipeline> PipelineCache::CreateGraphicsPipeline(
             auto program_vb{TranslateProgram(pools.inst, pools.block, env, cfg, host_info)};
             programs[index] = MergeDualVertexPrograms(program_va, program_vb, env);
         }
+
+        if (programs[index].info.requires_layer_emulation) {
+            layer_source_program = &programs[index];
+        }
     }
     std::array<const Shader::Info*, Maxwell::MaxShaderStage> infos{};
     std::array<vk::ShaderModule, Maxwell::MaxShaderStage> modules;
@@ -538,7 +567,9 @@ std::unique_ptr<GraphicsPipeline> PipelineCache::CreateGraphicsPipeline(
     Shader::Backend::Bindings binding;
     for (size_t index = uses_vertex_a && uses_vertex_b ? 1 : 0; index < Maxwell::MaxShaderProgram;
          ++index) {
-        if (key.unique_hashes[index] == 0) {
+        const bool is_emulated_stage = layer_source_program != nullptr &&
+                                       index == static_cast<u32>(Maxwell::ShaderType::Geometry);
+        if (key.unique_hashes[index] == 0 && !is_emulated_stage) {
             continue;
         }
         UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(index == 0);
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_rasterizer.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_rasterizer.cpp
index 12b13cc59..d8ad8815c 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_rasterizer.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_rasterizer.cpp
@@ -542,8 +542,7 @@ bool RasterizerVulkan::AccelerateSurfaceCopy(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surf
                                              const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& dst,
                                              const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy_config) {
     std::scoped_lock lock{texture_cache.mutex};
-    texture_cache.BlitImage(dst, src, copy_config);
-    return true;
+    return texture_cache.BlitImage(dst, src, copy_config);
 }
 
 Tegra::Engines::AccelerateDMAInterface& RasterizerVulkan::AccessAccelerateDMA() {
diff --git a/src/video_core/surface.cpp b/src/video_core/surface.cpp
index 6bd133d10..1a76d4178 100644
--- a/src/video_core/surface.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/surface.cpp
@@ -93,11 +93,14 @@ PixelFormat PixelFormatFromDepthFormat(Tegra::DepthFormat format) {
 
 PixelFormat PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(Tegra::RenderTargetFormat format) {
     switch (format) {
-    case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::R32B32G32A32_FLOAT:
+    case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32A32_FLOAT:
+    case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32X32_FLOAT:
         return PixelFormat::R32G32B32A32_FLOAT;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32A32_SINT:
+    case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32X32_SINT:
         return PixelFormat::R32G32B32A32_SINT;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32A32_UINT:
+    case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::R32G32B32X32_UINT:
         return PixelFormat::R32G32B32A32_UINT;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::R16G16B16A16_UNORM:
         return PixelFormat::R16G16B16A16_UNORM;
@@ -118,16 +121,22 @@ PixelFormat PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(Tegra::RenderTargetFormat format)
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::R16G16B16X16_FLOAT:
         return PixelFormat::R16G16B16X16_FLOAT;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::A8R8G8B8_UNORM:
+    case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::X8R8G8B8_UNORM:
         return PixelFormat::B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::A8R8G8B8_SRGB:
+    case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::X8R8G8B8_SRGB:
         return PixelFormat::B8G8R8A8_SRGB;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::A2B10G10R10_UNORM:
         return PixelFormat::A2B10G10R10_UNORM;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::A2B10G10R10_UINT:
         return PixelFormat::A2B10G10R10_UINT;
+    case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::A2R10G10B10_UNORM:
+        return PixelFormat::A2R10G10B10_UNORM;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::A8B8G8R8_UNORM:
+    case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::X8B8G8R8_UNORM:
         return PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_UNORM;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::A8B8G8R8_SRGB:
+    case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::X8B8G8R8_SRGB:
         return PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_SRGB;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::A8B8G8R8_SNORM:
         return PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_SNORM;
@@ -156,6 +165,7 @@ PixelFormat PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(Tegra::RenderTargetFormat format)
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::R5G6B5_UNORM:
         return PixelFormat::R5G6B5_UNORM;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::A1R5G5B5_UNORM:
+    case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::X1R5G5B5_UNORM:
         return PixelFormat::A1R5G5B5_UNORM;
     case Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::R8G8_UNORM:
         return PixelFormat::R8G8_UNORM;
@@ -204,23 +214,16 @@ PixelFormat PixelFormatFromGPUPixelFormat(Service::android::PixelFormat format)
 }
 
 SurfaceType GetFormatType(PixelFormat pixel_format) {
-    if (static_cast<std::size_t>(pixel_format) <
-        static_cast<std::size_t>(PixelFormat::MaxColorFormat)) {
+    if (pixel_format < PixelFormat::MaxColorFormat) {
         return SurfaceType::ColorTexture;
     }
-
-    if (static_cast<std::size_t>(pixel_format) <
-        static_cast<std::size_t>(PixelFormat::MaxDepthFormat)) {
+    if (pixel_format < PixelFormat::MaxDepthFormat) {
         return SurfaceType::Depth;
     }
-
-    if (static_cast<std::size_t>(pixel_format) <
-        static_cast<std::size_t>(PixelFormat::MaxStencilFormat)) {
+    if (pixel_format < PixelFormat::MaxStencilFormat) {
         return SurfaceType::Stencil;
     }
-
-    if (static_cast<std::size_t>(pixel_format) <
-        static_cast<std::size_t>(PixelFormat::MaxDepthStencilFormat)) {
+    if (pixel_format < PixelFormat::MaxDepthStencilFormat) {
         return SurfaceType::DepthStencil;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/video_core/surface.h b/src/video_core/surface.h
index 57ca7f597..44b79af20 100644
--- a/src/video_core/surface.h
+++ b/src/video_core/surface.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ enum class PixelFormat {
     A1R5G5B5_UNORM,
     A2B10G10R10_UNORM,
     A2B10G10R10_UINT,
+    A2R10G10B10_UNORM,
     A1B5G5R5_UNORM,
     A5B5G5R1_UNORM,
     R8_UNORM,
@@ -159,6 +160,7 @@ constexpr std::array<u8, MaxPixelFormat> BLOCK_WIDTH_TABLE = {{
     1,  // A1R5G5B5_UNORM
     1,  // A2B10G10R10_UNORM
     1,  // A2B10G10R10_UINT
+    1,  // A2R10G10B10_UNORM
     1,  // A1B5G5R5_UNORM
     1,  // A5B5G5R1_UNORM
     1,  // R8_UNORM
@@ -264,6 +266,7 @@ constexpr std::array<u8, MaxPixelFormat> BLOCK_HEIGHT_TABLE = {{
     1,  // A1R5G5B5_UNORM
     1,  // A2B10G10R10_UNORM
     1,  // A2B10G10R10_UINT
+    1,  // A2R10G10B10_UNORM
     1,  // A1B5G5R5_UNORM
     1,  // A5B5G5R1_UNORM
     1,  // R8_UNORM
@@ -369,6 +372,7 @@ constexpr std::array<u8, MaxPixelFormat> BITS_PER_BLOCK_TABLE = {{
     16,  // A1R5G5B5_UNORM
     32,  // A2B10G10R10_UNORM
     32,  // A2B10G10R10_UINT
+    32,  // A2R10G10B10_UNORM
     16,  // A1B5G5R5_UNORM
     16,  // A5B5G5R1_UNORM
     8,   // R8_UNORM
diff --git a/src/video_core/texture_cache/formatter.h b/src/video_core/texture_cache/formatter.h
index acc854715..f1f0a057b 100644
--- a/src/video_core/texture_cache/formatter.h
+++ b/src/video_core/texture_cache/formatter.h
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ struct fmt::formatter<VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat> : fmt::formatter<fmt::str
                 return "A2B10G10R10_UNORM";
             case PixelFormat::A2B10G10R10_UINT:
                 return "A2B10G10R10_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::A2R10G10B10_UNORM:
+                return "A2R10G10B10_UNORM";
             case PixelFormat::A1B5G5R5_UNORM:
                 return "A1B5G5R5_UNORM";
             case PixelFormat::A5B5G5R1_UNORM:
diff --git a/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h b/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h
index 8ef75fe73..8e68a2e53 100644
--- a/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h
@@ -506,10 +506,14 @@ void TextureCache<P>::UnmapGPUMemory(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, size_t siz
 }
 
 template <class P>
-void TextureCache<P>::BlitImage(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& dst,
+bool TextureCache<P>::BlitImage(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& dst,
                                 const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& src,
                                 const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy) {
-    const BlitImages images = GetBlitImages(dst, src, copy);
+    const auto result = GetBlitImages(dst, src, copy);
+    if (!result) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const BlitImages images = *result;
     const ImageId dst_id = images.dst_id;
     const ImageId src_id = images.src_id;
 
@@ -596,6 +600,7 @@ void TextureCache<P>::BlitImage(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& dst,
         runtime.BlitImage(dst_framebuffer, dst_view, src_view, dst_region, src_region, copy.filter,
                           copy.operation);
     }
+    return true;
 }
 
 template <class P>
@@ -1133,7 +1138,7 @@ ImageId TextureCache<P>::JoinImages(const ImageInfo& info, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, VA
 }
 
 template <class P>
-typename TextureCache<P>::BlitImages TextureCache<P>::GetBlitImages(
+std::optional<typename TextureCache<P>::BlitImages> TextureCache<P>::GetBlitImages(
     const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& dst, const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& src,
     const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy) {
 
@@ -1154,6 +1159,20 @@ typename TextureCache<P>::BlitImages TextureCache<P>::GetBlitImages(
         has_deleted_images = false;
         src_id = FindImage(src_info, src_addr, try_options);
         dst_id = FindImage(dst_info, dst_addr, try_options);
+        if (!copy.must_accelerate) {
+            do {
+                if (!src_id && !dst_id) {
+                    return std::nullopt;
+                }
+                if (src_id && True(slot_images[src_id].flags & ImageFlagBits::GpuModified)) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                if (dst_id && True(slot_images[dst_id].flags & ImageFlagBits::GpuModified)) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                return std::nullopt;
+            } while (false);
+        }
         const ImageBase* const src_image = src_id ? &slot_images[src_id] : nullptr;
         if (src_image && src_image->info.num_samples > 1) {
             RelaxedOptions find_options{FIND_OPTIONS | RelaxedOptions::ForceBrokenViews};
@@ -1194,12 +1213,12 @@ typename TextureCache<P>::BlitImages TextureCache<P>::GetBlitImages(
             dst_id = FindOrInsertImage(dst_info, dst_addr, RelaxedOptions{});
         } while (has_deleted_images);
     }
-    return BlitImages{
+    return {BlitImages{
         .dst_id = dst_id,
         .src_id = src_id,
         .dst_format = dst_info.format,
         .src_format = src_info.format,
-    };
+    }};
 }
 
 template <class P>
diff --git a/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h b/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h
index 2fa8445eb..9db7195bf 100644
--- a/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h
+++ b/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ public:
     void UnmapGPUMemory(size_t as_id, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, size_t size);
 
     /// Blit an image with the given parameters
-    void BlitImage(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& dst,
+    bool BlitImage(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& dst,
                    const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& src,
                    const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy);
 
@@ -285,9 +285,9 @@ private:
     [[nodiscard]] ImageId JoinImages(const ImageInfo& info, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, VAddr cpu_addr);
 
     /// Return a blit image pair from the given guest blit parameters
-    [[nodiscard]] BlitImages GetBlitImages(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& dst,
-                                           const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& src,
-                                           const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy);
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<BlitImages> GetBlitImages(
+        const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& dst, const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& src,
+        const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy);
 
     /// Find or create a sampler from a guest descriptor sampler
     [[nodiscard]] SamplerId FindSampler(const TSCEntry& config);
diff --git a/src/yuzu/CMakeLists.txt b/src/yuzu/CMakeLists.txt
index adad36221..060de0259 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/yuzu/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ if (APPLE)
     set_target_properties(yuzu PROPERTIES MACOSX_BUNDLE_INFO_PLIST ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Info.plist)
 elseif(WIN32)
     # compile as a win32 gui application instead of a console application
-    if (QT_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 6)
+    if (QT_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 6)
         target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE Qt6::EntryPointPrivate)
     else()
         target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE Qt5::WinMain)
@@ -311,15 +311,15 @@ endif()
 create_target_directory_groups(yuzu)
 
 target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE common core input_common network video_core)
-target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE Boost::boost glad Qt::Widgets Qt::Multimedia)
+target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE Boost::boost glad Qt${QT_MAJOR_VERSION}::Widgets)
 target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE ${PLATFORM_LIBRARIES} Threads::Threads)
 
 target_include_directories(yuzu PRIVATE ../../externals/Vulkan-Headers/include)
 if (NOT WIN32)
-    target_include_directories(yuzu PRIVATE ${Qt5Gui_PRIVATE_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+    target_include_directories(yuzu PRIVATE ${Qt${QT_MAJOR_VERSION}Gui_PRIVATE_INCLUDE_DIRS})
 endif()
 if (UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
-    target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE Qt::DBus)
+    target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE Qt${QT_MAJOR_VERSION}::DBus)
 endif()
 
 target_compile_definitions(yuzu PRIVATE
@@ -358,8 +358,13 @@ if (ENABLE_WEB_SERVICE)
     target_compile_definitions(yuzu PRIVATE -DENABLE_WEB_SERVICE)
 endif()
 
+if (YUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA)
+    target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE Qt${QT_MAJOR_VERSION}::Multimedia)
+    target_compile_definitions(yuzu PRIVATE -DYUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA)
+endif ()
+
 if (YUZU_USE_QT_WEB_ENGINE)
-    target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE Qt::WebEngineCore Qt::WebEngineWidgets)
+    target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE Qt${QT_MAJOR_VERSION}::WebEngineCore Qt${QT_MAJOR_VERSION}::WebEngineWidgets)
     target_compile_definitions(yuzu PRIVATE -DYUZU_USE_QT_WEB_ENGINE)
 endif ()
 
@@ -367,13 +372,26 @@ if(UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
     install(TARGETS yuzu)
 endif()
 
-if (YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_QT)
+if (WIN32 AND QT_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 6)
+    if (MSVC AND NOT ${CMAKE_GENERATOR} STREQUAL "Ninja")
+        set(YUZU_EXE_DIR "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/$<CONFIG>")
+    else()
+        set(YUZU_EXE_DIR "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin")
+    endif()
+    add_custom_command(TARGET yuzu POST_BUILD COMMAND ${WINDEPLOYQT_EXECUTABLE} "${YUZU_EXE_DIR}/yuzu.exe" --dir "${YUZU_EXE_DIR}" --libdir "${YUZU_EXE_DIR}" --plugindir "${YUZU_EXE_DIR}/plugins" --no-compiler-runtime --no-opengl-sw --no-system-d3d-compiler --no-translations --verbose 0)
+endif()
+
+if (YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_QT AND QT_VERSION VERSION_LESS 6)
     include(CopyYuzuQt5Deps)
     copy_yuzu_Qt5_deps(yuzu)
 endif()
 
 if (ENABLE_SDL2)
-    target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE SDL2)
+    if (YUZU_USE_EXTERNAL_SDL2)
+        target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE SDL2-static)
+    else()
+        target_link_libraries(yuzu PRIVATE SDL2)
+    endif()
     target_compile_definitions(yuzu PRIVATE HAVE_SDL2)
 endif()
 
diff --git a/src/yuzu/bootmanager.cpp b/src/yuzu/bootmanager.cpp
index bbb3ee553..ccf1c50f4 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/bootmanager.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/bootmanager.cpp
@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@
 #include <glad/glad.h>
 
 #include <QApplication>
+#if (QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0)) && YUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA
 #include <QCameraImageCapture>
 #include <QCameraInfo>
+#endif
 #include <QHBoxLayout>
 #include <QMessageBox>
 #include <QPainter>
@@ -711,6 +713,7 @@ void GRenderWindow::TouchEndEvent() {
 }
 
 void GRenderWindow::InitializeCamera() {
+#if (QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0)) && YUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA
     constexpr auto camera_update_ms = std::chrono::milliseconds{50}; // (50ms, 20Hz)
     if (!Settings::values.enable_ir_sensor) {
         return;
@@ -764,18 +767,22 @@ void GRenderWindow::InitializeCamera() {
     connect(camera_timer.get(), &QTimer::timeout, [this] { RequestCameraCapture(); });
     // This timer should be dependent of camera resolution 5ms for every 100 pixels
     camera_timer->start(camera_update_ms);
+#endif
 }
 
 void GRenderWindow::FinalizeCamera() {
+#if (QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0)) && YUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA
     if (camera_timer) {
         camera_timer->stop();
     }
     if (camera) {
         camera->unload();
     }
+#endif
 }
 
 void GRenderWindow::RequestCameraCapture() {
+#if (QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0)) && YUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA
     if (!Settings::values.enable_ir_sensor) {
         return;
     }
@@ -792,6 +799,7 @@ void GRenderWindow::RequestCameraCapture() {
 
     pending_camera_snapshots++;
     camera_capture->capture();
+#endif
 }
 
 void GRenderWindow::OnCameraCapture(int requestId, const QImage& img) {
diff --git a/src/yuzu/bootmanager.h b/src/yuzu/bootmanager.h
index c45ebf1a2..4a01481cd 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/bootmanager.h
+++ b/src/yuzu/bootmanager.h
@@ -241,8 +241,10 @@ private:
 
     bool is_virtual_camera;
     int pending_camera_snapshots;
+#if (QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0)) && YUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA
     std::unique_ptr<QCamera> camera;
     std::unique_ptr<QCameraImageCapture> camera_capture;
+#endif
     std::unique_ptr<QTimer> camera_timer;
 
     Core::System& system;
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/config.cpp b/src/yuzu/configuration/config.cpp
index 343f3b8e5..0c93df428 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/config.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/config.cpp
@@ -672,6 +672,7 @@ void Config::ReadRendererValues() {
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.aspect_ratio);
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.resolution_setup);
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.scaling_filter);
+    ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider);
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.anti_aliasing);
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.max_anisotropy);
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.use_speed_limit);
@@ -1282,6 +1283,10 @@ void Config::SaveRendererValues() {
                  static_cast<u32>(Settings::values.scaling_filter.GetValue(global)),
                  static_cast<u32>(Settings::values.scaling_filter.GetDefault()),
                  Settings::values.scaling_filter.UsingGlobal());
+    WriteSetting(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.GetLabel()),
+                 static_cast<u32>(Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.GetValue(global)),
+                 static_cast<u32>(Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.GetDefault()),
+                 Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.UsingGlobal());
     WriteSetting(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.anti_aliasing.GetLabel()),
                  static_cast<u32>(Settings::values.anti_aliasing.GetValue(global)),
                  static_cast<u32>(Settings::values.anti_aliasing.GetDefault()),
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_camera.cpp b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_camera.cpp
index 2a61de2a1..d95e96696 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_camera.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_camera.cpp
@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <QtCore>
+#if (QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0)) && YUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA
 #include <QCameraImageCapture>
 #include <QCameraInfo>
+#endif
 #include <QStandardItemModel>
 #include <QTimer>
 
@@ -33,6 +36,7 @@ ConfigureCamera::ConfigureCamera(QWidget* parent, InputCommon::InputSubsystem* i
 ConfigureCamera::~ConfigureCamera() = default;
 
 void ConfigureCamera::PreviewCamera() {
+#if (QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0)) && YUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA
     const auto index = ui->ir_sensor_combo_box->currentIndex();
     bool camera_found = false;
     const QList<QCameraInfo> cameras = QCameraInfo::availableCameras();
@@ -101,6 +105,7 @@ void ConfigureCamera::PreviewCamera() {
     });
 
     camera_timer->start(250);
+#endif
 }
 
 void ConfigureCamera::DisplayCapturedFrame(int requestId, const QImage& img) {
@@ -133,11 +138,13 @@ void ConfigureCamera::LoadConfiguration() {
     ui->ir_sensor_combo_box->clear();
     input_devices.push_back("Auto");
     ui->ir_sensor_combo_box->addItem(tr("Auto"));
+#if (QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0)) && YUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA
     const auto cameras = QCameraInfo::availableCameras();
     for (const QCameraInfo& cameraInfo : cameras) {
         input_devices.push_back(cameraInfo.deviceName().toStdString());
         ui->ir_sensor_combo_box->addItem(cameraInfo.description());
     }
+#endif
 
     const auto current_device = Settings::values.ir_sensor_device.GetValue();
 
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_camera.h b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_camera.h
index db9833b5c..9a90512b3 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_camera.h
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_camera.h
@@ -46,8 +46,10 @@ private:
 
     bool is_virtual_camera;
     int pending_snapshots;
+#if (QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0)) && YUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA
     std::unique_ptr<QCamera> camera;
     std::unique_ptr<QCameraImageCapture> camera_capture;
+#endif
     std::unique_ptr<QTimer> camera_timer;
     std::vector<std::string> input_devices;
     std::unique_ptr<Ui::ConfigureCamera> ui;
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.cpp b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.cpp
index 45cbce4ac..20bc651f1 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.cpp
@@ -63,6 +63,11 @@ ConfigureGraphics::ConfigureGraphics(const Core::System& system_, QWidget* paren
         ui->api_widget->isEnabled());
     ui->bg_label->setVisible(Settings::IsConfiguringGlobal());
     ui->bg_combobox->setVisible(!Settings::IsConfiguringGlobal());
+
+    connect(ui->fsr_sharpening_slider, &QSlider::valueChanged, this,
+            &ConfigureGraphics::SetFSRIndicatorText);
+    ui->fsr_sharpening_combobox->setVisible(!Settings::IsConfiguringGlobal());
+    ui->fsr_sharpening_label->setVisible(Settings::IsConfiguringGlobal());
 }
 
 void ConfigureGraphics::UpdateDeviceSelection(int device) {
@@ -110,6 +115,7 @@ void ConfigureGraphics::SetConfiguration() {
             static_cast<int>(Settings::values.resolution_setup.GetValue()));
         ui->scaling_filter_combobox->setCurrentIndex(
             static_cast<int>(Settings::values.scaling_filter.GetValue()));
+        ui->fsr_sharpening_slider->setValue(Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.GetValue());
         ui->anti_aliasing_combobox->setCurrentIndex(
             static_cast<int>(Settings::values.anti_aliasing.GetValue()));
     } else {
@@ -147,6 +153,15 @@ void ConfigureGraphics::SetConfiguration() {
         ConfigurationShared::SetHighlight(ui->anti_aliasing_label,
                                           !Settings::values.anti_aliasing.UsingGlobal());
 
+        ui->fsr_sharpening_combobox->setCurrentIndex(
+            Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.UsingGlobal() ? 0 : 1);
+        ui->fsr_sharpening_slider->setEnabled(
+            !Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.UsingGlobal());
+        ui->fsr_sharpening_value->setEnabled(!Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.UsingGlobal());
+        ConfigurationShared::SetHighlight(ui->fsr_sharpening_layout,
+                                          !Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.UsingGlobal());
+        ui->fsr_sharpening_slider->setValue(Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.GetValue());
+
         ui->bg_combobox->setCurrentIndex(Settings::values.bg_red.UsingGlobal() ? 0 : 1);
         ui->bg_button->setEnabled(!Settings::values.bg_red.UsingGlobal());
         ConfigurationShared::SetHighlight(ui->bg_layout, !Settings::values.bg_red.UsingGlobal());
@@ -155,6 +170,12 @@ void ConfigureGraphics::SetConfiguration() {
                                                 Settings::values.bg_green.GetValue(),
                                                 Settings::values.bg_blue.GetValue()));
     UpdateAPILayout();
+    SetFSRIndicatorText(ui->fsr_sharpening_slider->sliderPosition());
+}
+
+void ConfigureGraphics::SetFSRIndicatorText(int percentage) {
+    ui->fsr_sharpening_value->setText(
+        tr("%1%", "FSR sharpening percentage (e.g. 50%)").arg(100 - (percentage / 2)));
 }
 
 void ConfigureGraphics::ApplyConfiguration() {
@@ -210,6 +231,7 @@ void ConfigureGraphics::ApplyConfiguration() {
         if (Settings::values.anti_aliasing.UsingGlobal()) {
             Settings::values.anti_aliasing.SetValue(anti_aliasing);
         }
+        Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.SetValue(ui->fsr_sharpening_slider->value());
     } else {
         if (ui->resolution_combobox->currentIndex() == ConfigurationShared::USE_GLOBAL_INDEX) {
             Settings::values.resolution_setup.SetGlobal(true);
@@ -269,6 +291,13 @@ void ConfigureGraphics::ApplyConfiguration() {
             Settings::values.bg_green.SetValue(static_cast<u8>(bg_color.green()));
             Settings::values.bg_blue.SetValue(static_cast<u8>(bg_color.blue()));
         }
+
+        if (ui->fsr_sharpening_combobox->currentIndex() == ConfigurationShared::USE_GLOBAL_INDEX) {
+            Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.SetGlobal(true);
+        } else {
+            Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.SetGlobal(false);
+            Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.SetValue(ui->fsr_sharpening_slider->value());
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -380,6 +409,7 @@ void ConfigureGraphics::SetupPerGameUI() {
         ui->aspect_ratio_combobox->setEnabled(Settings::values.aspect_ratio.UsingGlobal());
         ui->resolution_combobox->setEnabled(Settings::values.resolution_setup.UsingGlobal());
         ui->scaling_filter_combobox->setEnabled(Settings::values.scaling_filter.UsingGlobal());
+        ui->fsr_sharpening_slider->setEnabled(Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.UsingGlobal());
         ui->anti_aliasing_combobox->setEnabled(Settings::values.anti_aliasing.UsingGlobal());
         ui->use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation->setEnabled(
             Settings::values.use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation.UsingGlobal());
@@ -387,6 +417,7 @@ void ConfigureGraphics::SetupPerGameUI() {
         ui->accelerate_astc->setEnabled(Settings::values.accelerate_astc.UsingGlobal());
         ui->use_disk_shader_cache->setEnabled(Settings::values.use_disk_shader_cache.UsingGlobal());
         ui->bg_button->setEnabled(Settings::values.bg_red.UsingGlobal());
+        ui->fsr_slider_layout->setEnabled(Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider.UsingGlobal());
 
         return;
     }
@@ -396,6 +427,13 @@ void ConfigureGraphics::SetupPerGameUI() {
         ConfigurationShared::SetHighlight(ui->bg_layout, index == 1);
     });
 
+    connect(ui->fsr_sharpening_combobox, qOverload<int>(&QComboBox::activated), this,
+            [this](int index) {
+                ui->fsr_sharpening_slider->setEnabled(index == 1);
+                ui->fsr_sharpening_value->setEnabled(index == 1);
+                ConfigurationShared::SetHighlight(ui->fsr_sharpening_layout, index == 1);
+            });
+
     ConfigurationShared::SetColoredTristate(
         ui->use_disk_shader_cache, Settings::values.use_disk_shader_cache, use_disk_shader_cache);
     ConfigurationShared::SetColoredTristate(ui->accelerate_astc, Settings::values.accelerate_astc,
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.h b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.h
index 70034eb1b..d98d6624e 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.h
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.h
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ private:
 
     void RetrieveVulkanDevices();
 
+    void SetFSRIndicatorText(int percentage);
+
     void SetupPerGameUI();
 
     Settings::RendererBackend GetCurrentGraphicsBackend() const;
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.ui b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.ui
index fdbb33372..37271f956 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.ui
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics.ui
@@ -152,6 +152,12 @@
      </item>
      <item>
       <widget class="QGroupBox" name="groupBox">
+       <property name="maximumSize">
+        <size>
+         <width>16777215</width>
+         <height>16777215</height>
+        </size>
+       </property>
        <property name="title">
         <string>Graphics Settings</string>
        </property>
@@ -482,6 +488,146 @@
          </widget>
         </item>
         <item>
+         <widget class="QWidget" name="fsr_sharpening_layout" native="true">
+          <property name="enabled">
+           <bool>true</bool>
+          </property>
+          <property name="sizePolicy">
+           <sizepolicy hsizetype="Preferred" vsizetype="Preferred">
+            <horstretch>0</horstretch>
+            <verstretch>0</verstretch>
+           </sizepolicy>
+          </property>
+          <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout">
+           <property name="spacing">
+            <number>6</number>
+           </property>
+           <property name="sizeConstraint">
+            <enum>QLayout::SetDefaultConstraint</enum>
+           </property>
+           <property name="leftMargin">
+            <number>0</number>
+           </property>
+           <property name="topMargin">
+            <number>0</number>
+           </property>
+           <property name="rightMargin">
+            <number>0</number>
+           </property>
+           <property name="bottomMargin">
+            <number>0</number>
+           </property>
+           <item>
+            <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="fsr_sharpening_label_group">
+             <item>
+              <widget class="QComboBox" name="fsr_sharpening_combobox">
+               <property name="sizePolicy">
+                <sizepolicy hsizetype="Maximum" vsizetype="Fixed">
+                 <horstretch>0</horstretch>
+                 <verstretch>0</verstretch>
+                </sizepolicy>
+               </property>
+               <item>
+                <property name="text">
+                 <string>Use global FSR Sharpness</string>
+                </property>
+               </item>
+               <item>
+                <property name="text">
+                 <string>Set FSR Sharpness</string>
+                </property>
+               </item>
+              </widget>
+             </item>
+             <item>
+              <widget class="QLabel" name="fsr_sharpening_label">
+               <property name="sizePolicy">
+                <sizepolicy hsizetype="Preferred" vsizetype="Preferred">
+                 <horstretch>0</horstretch>
+                 <verstretch>0</verstretch>
+                </sizepolicy>
+               </property>
+               <property name="text">
+                <string>FSR Sharpness:</string>
+               </property>
+              </widget>
+             </item>
+             <item>
+              <spacer name="horizontalSpacer_2">
+               <property name="orientation">
+                <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
+               </property>
+               <property name="sizeHint" stdset="0">
+                <size>
+                 <width>40</width>
+                 <height>20</height>
+                </size>
+               </property>
+              </spacer>
+             </item>
+            </layout>
+           </item>
+           <item>
+            <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="fsr_slider_layout">
+             <property name="spacing">
+              <number>6</number>
+             </property>
+             <item>
+              <widget class="QSlider" name="fsr_sharpening_slider">
+               <property name="sizePolicy">
+                <sizepolicy hsizetype="MinimumExpanding" vsizetype="Preferred">
+                 <horstretch>0</horstretch>
+                 <verstretch>0</verstretch>
+                </sizepolicy>
+               </property>
+               <property name="baseSize">
+                <size>
+                 <width>0</width>
+                 <height>0</height>
+                </size>
+               </property>
+               <property name="maximum">
+                <number>200</number>
+               </property>
+               <property name="sliderPosition">
+                <number>25</number>
+               </property>
+               <property name="orientation">
+                <enum>Qt::Horizontal</enum>
+               </property>
+               <property name="invertedAppearance">
+                <bool>true</bool>
+               </property>
+              </widget>
+             </item>
+             <item>
+              <widget class="QLabel" name="fsr_sharpening_value">
+               <property name="sizePolicy">
+                <sizepolicy hsizetype="Maximum" vsizetype="Preferred">
+                 <horstretch>0</horstretch>
+                 <verstretch>0</verstretch>
+                </sizepolicy>
+               </property>
+               <property name="minimumSize">
+                <size>
+                 <width>32</width>
+                 <height>0</height>
+                </size>
+               </property>
+               <property name="text">
+                <string>100%</string>
+               </property>
+               <property name="alignment">
+                <set>Qt::AlignCenter</set>
+               </property>
+              </widget>
+             </item>
+            </layout>
+           </item>
+          </layout>
+         </widget>
+        </item>
+        <item>
          <widget class="QWidget" name="bg_layout" native="true">
           <property name="sizePolicy">
            <sizepolicy hsizetype="Preferred" vsizetype="Preferred">
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_input_advanced.cpp b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_input_advanced.cpp
index 10f841b98..235b813d9 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_input_advanced.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_input_advanced.cpp
@@ -194,4 +194,8 @@ void ConfigureInputAdvanced::UpdateUIEnabled() {
     ui->mouse_panning->setEnabled(!ui->mouse_enabled->isChecked());
     ui->mouse_panning_sensitivity->setEnabled(!ui->mouse_enabled->isChecked());
     ui->ring_controller_configure->setEnabled(ui->enable_ring_controller->isChecked());
+#if QT_VERSION > QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0) || !defined(YUZU_USE_QT_MULTIMEDIA)
+    ui->enable_ir_sensor->setEnabled(false);
+    ui->camera_configure->setEnabled(false);
+#endif
 }
diff --git a/src/yuzu/main.cpp b/src/yuzu/main.cpp
index 4081af391..c21153560 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/main.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/main.cpp
@@ -167,6 +167,7 @@ __declspec(dllexport) int AmdPowerXpressRequestHighPerformance = 1;
 
 constexpr int default_mouse_hide_timeout = 2500;
 constexpr int default_mouse_center_timeout = 10;
+constexpr int default_input_update_timeout = 1;
 
 /**
  * "Callouts" are one-time instructional messages shown to the user. In the config settings, there
@@ -237,6 +238,7 @@ static void LogRuntimes() {
         LOG_INFO(Frontend, "Unable to inspect {}", runtime_dll_name);
     }
 #endif
+    LOG_INFO(Frontend, "Qt Compile: {} Runtime: {}", QT_VERSION_STR, qVersion());
 }
 
 static QString PrettyProductName() {
@@ -404,6 +406,10 @@ GMainWindow::GMainWindow(std::unique_ptr<Config> config_, bool has_broken_vulkan
     mouse_center_timer.setInterval(default_mouse_center_timeout);
     connect(&mouse_center_timer, &QTimer::timeout, this, &GMainWindow::CenterMouseCursor);
 
+    update_input_timer.setInterval(default_input_update_timeout);
+    connect(&update_input_timer, &QTimer::timeout, this, &GMainWindow::UpdateInputDrivers);
+    update_input_timer.start();
+
     MigrateConfigFiles();
 
     if (has_broken_vulkan) {
@@ -3636,6 +3642,13 @@ void GMainWindow::UpdateUISettings() {
     UISettings::values.first_start = false;
 }
 
+void GMainWindow::UpdateInputDrivers() {
+    if (!input_subsystem) {
+        return;
+    }
+    input_subsystem->PumpEvents();
+}
+
 void GMainWindow::HideMouseCursor() {
     if (emu_thread == nullptr && UISettings::values.hide_mouse) {
         mouse_hide_timer.stop();
@@ -4036,7 +4049,6 @@ void GMainWindow::UpdateUITheme() {
     const QString default_theme =
         QString::fromUtf8(UISettings::themes[static_cast<size_t>(Config::default_theme)].second);
     QString current_theme = UISettings::values.theme;
-    QStringList theme_paths(default_theme_paths);
 
     if (current_theme.isEmpty()) {
         current_theme = default_theme;
@@ -4049,7 +4061,7 @@ void GMainWindow::UpdateUITheme() {
     if (current_theme == QStringLiteral("default") || current_theme == QStringLiteral("colorful")) {
         QIcon::setThemeName(current_theme == QStringLiteral("colorful") ? current_theme
                                                                         : startup_icon_theme);
-        QIcon::setThemeSearchPaths(theme_paths);
+        QIcon::setThemeSearchPaths(QStringList(default_theme_paths));
         if (CheckDarkMode()) {
             current_theme = QStringLiteral("default_dark");
         }
@@ -4217,10 +4229,12 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
     // so we can see if we get \u3008 instead
     // TL;DR all other number formats are consecutive in unicode code points
     // This bug is fixed in Qt6, specifically 6.0.0-alpha1
+#if QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0)
     const QLocale locale = QLocale::system();
     if (QStringLiteral("\u3008") == locale.toString(1)) {
         QLocale::setDefault(QLocale::system().name());
     }
+#endif
 
     // Qt changes the locale and causes issues in float conversion using std::to_string() when
     // generating shaders
diff --git a/src/yuzu/main.h b/src/yuzu/main.h
index 6a9992d05..4f9c3b450 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/main.h
+++ b/src/yuzu/main.h
@@ -353,6 +353,7 @@ private:
     void UpdateGPUAccuracyButton();
     void UpdateStatusButtons();
     void UpdateUISettings();
+    void UpdateInputDrivers();
     void HideMouseCursor();
     void ShowMouseCursor();
     void CenterMouseCursor();
@@ -404,6 +405,7 @@ private:
     bool auto_muted = false;
     QTimer mouse_hide_timer;
     QTimer mouse_center_timer;
+    QTimer update_input_timer;
 
     QString startup_icon_theme;
     bool os_dark_mode = false;
diff --git a/src/yuzu/main.ui b/src/yuzu/main.ui
index e670acc30..013ba0ceb 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/main.ui
+++ b/src/yuzu/main.ui
@@ -231,6 +231,9 @@
    <property name="text">
     <string>Con&amp;figure...</string>
    </property>
+   <property name="menuRole">
+    <enum>QAction::PreferencesRole</enum>
+   </property>
   </action>
   <action name="action_Display_Dock_Widget_Headers">
    <property name="checkable">
@@ -363,6 +366,9 @@
    <property name="text">
     <string>&amp;Configure TAS...</string>
    </property>
+   <property name="menuRole">
+    <enum>QAction::NoRole</enum>
+   </property>
   </action>
   <action name="action_Configure_Current_Game">
    <property name="enabled">
@@ -371,6 +377,9 @@
    <property name="text">
     <string>Configure C&amp;urrent Game...</string>
    </property>
+   <property name="menuRole">
+    <enum>QAction::NoRole</enum>
+   </property>
   </action>
   <action name="action_TAS_Start">
    <property name="enabled">
diff --git a/src/yuzu/multiplayer/direct_connect.cpp b/src/yuzu/multiplayer/direct_connect.cpp
index 10bf0a4fb..cbd52da85 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/multiplayer/direct_connect.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/multiplayer/direct_connect.cpp
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #include <QComboBox>
 #include <QFuture>
 #include <QIntValidator>
-#include <QRegExpValidator>
+#include <QRegularExpressionValidator>
 #include <QString>
 #include <QtConcurrent/QtConcurrentRun>
 #include "common/settings.h"
diff --git a/src/yuzu/multiplayer/validation.h b/src/yuzu/multiplayer/validation.h
index dabf860be..dd25af280 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/multiplayer/validation.h
+++ b/src/yuzu/multiplayer/validation.h
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <QRegExp>
+#include <QRegularExpression>
 #include <QString>
 #include <QValidator>
 
@@ -29,19 +29,21 @@ public:
 
 private:
     /// room name can be alphanumeric and " " "_" "." and "-" and must have a size of 4-20
-    QRegExp room_name_regex = QRegExp(QStringLiteral("^[a-zA-Z0-9._- ]{4,20}$"));
-    QRegExpValidator room_name;
+    QRegularExpression room_name_regex =
+        QRegularExpression(QStringLiteral("^[a-zA-Z0-9._ -]{4,20}"));
+    QRegularExpressionValidator room_name;
 
     /// nickname can be alphanumeric and " " "_" "." and "-" and must have a size of 4-20
-    QRegExp nickname_regex = QRegExp(QStringLiteral("^[a-zA-Z0-9._- ]{4,20}$"));
-    QRegExpValidator nickname;
+    const QRegularExpression nickname_regex =
+        QRegularExpression(QStringLiteral("^[a-zA-Z0-9._ -]{4,20}"));
+    QRegularExpressionValidator nickname;
 
     /// ipv4 address only
     // TODO remove this when we support hostnames in direct connect
-    QRegExp ip_regex = QRegExp(QStringLiteral(
+    QRegularExpression ip_regex = QRegularExpression(QStringLiteral(
         "(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|"
         "2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])"));
-    QRegExpValidator ip;
+    QRegularExpressionValidator ip;
 
     /// port must be between 0 and 65535
     QIntValidator port;
diff --git a/src/yuzu/startup_checks.cpp b/src/yuzu/startup_checks.cpp
index 612f29d2c..563818362 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/startup_checks.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/startup_checks.cpp
@@ -4,16 +4,19 @@
 #include "video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_wrapper.h"
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
-#include <cstring> // for memset, strncpy
+#include <cstring>
 #include <processthreadsapi.h>
 #include <windows.h>
 #elif defined(YUZU_UNIX)
+#include <cstring>
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <spawn.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #endif
 
-#include <cstdio>
+#include <fmt/core.h>
 #include "video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_instance.h"
 #include "video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_library.h"
 #include "yuzu/startup_checks.h"
@@ -27,7 +30,7 @@ void CheckVulkan() {
             Vulkan::CreateInstance(library, dld, VK_API_VERSION_1_1);
 
     } catch (const Vulkan::vk::Exception& exception) {
-        std::fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize Vulkan: %s\n", exception.what());
+        fmt::print(stderr, "Failed to initialize Vulkan: {}\n", exception.what());
     }
 }
 
@@ -49,8 +52,15 @@ bool CheckEnvVars(bool* is_child) {
         *is_child = true;
         return false;
     } else if (!SetEnvironmentVariableA(IS_CHILD_ENV_VAR, ENV_VAR_ENABLED_TEXT)) {
-        std::fprintf(stderr, "SetEnvironmentVariableA failed to set %s with error %lu\n",
-                     IS_CHILD_ENV_VAR, GetLastError());
+        fmt::print(stderr, "SetEnvironmentVariableA failed to set {} with error {}\n",
+                   IS_CHILD_ENV_VAR, GetLastError());
+        return true;
+    }
+#elif defined(YUZU_UNIX)
+    const char* startup_check_var = getenv(STARTUP_CHECK_ENV_VAR);
+    if (startup_check_var != nullptr &&
+        std::strncmp(startup_check_var, ENV_VAR_ENABLED_TEXT, 8) == 0) {
+        CheckVulkan();
         return true;
     }
 #endif
@@ -62,8 +72,8 @@ bool StartupChecks(const char* arg0, bool* has_broken_vulkan, bool perform_vulka
     // Set the startup variable for child processes
     const bool env_var_set = SetEnvironmentVariableA(STARTUP_CHECK_ENV_VAR, ENV_VAR_ENABLED_TEXT);
     if (!env_var_set) {
-        std::fprintf(stderr, "SetEnvironmentVariableA failed to set %s with error %lu\n",
-                     STARTUP_CHECK_ENV_VAR, GetLastError());
+        fmt::print(stderr, "SetEnvironmentVariableA failed to set {} with error {}\n",
+                   STARTUP_CHECK_ENV_VAR, GetLastError());
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -81,48 +91,57 @@ bool StartupChecks(const char* arg0, bool* has_broken_vulkan, bool perform_vulka
         DWORD exit_code = STILL_ACTIVE;
         const int err = GetExitCodeProcess(process_info.hProcess, &exit_code);
         if (err == 0) {
-            std::fprintf(stderr, "GetExitCodeProcess failed with error %lu\n", GetLastError());
+            fmt::print(stderr, "GetExitCodeProcess failed with error {}\n", GetLastError());
         }
 
         // Vulkan is broken if the child crashed (return value is not zero)
         *has_broken_vulkan = (exit_code != 0);
 
         if (CloseHandle(process_info.hProcess) == 0) {
-            std::fprintf(stderr, "CloseHandle failed with error %lu\n", GetLastError());
+            fmt::print(stderr, "CloseHandle failed with error {}\n", GetLastError());
         }
         if (CloseHandle(process_info.hThread) == 0) {
-            std::fprintf(stderr, "CloseHandle failed with error %lu\n", GetLastError());
+            fmt::print(stderr, "CloseHandle failed with error {}\n", GetLastError());
         }
     }
 
     if (!SetEnvironmentVariableA(STARTUP_CHECK_ENV_VAR, nullptr)) {
-        std::fprintf(stderr, "SetEnvironmentVariableA failed to clear %s with error %lu\n",
-                     STARTUP_CHECK_ENV_VAR, GetLastError());
+        fmt::print(stderr, "SetEnvironmentVariableA failed to clear {} with error {}\n",
+                   STARTUP_CHECK_ENV_VAR, GetLastError());
     }
 
 #elif defined(YUZU_UNIX)
+    const int env_var_set = setenv(STARTUP_CHECK_ENV_VAR, ENV_VAR_ENABLED_TEXT, 1);
+    if (env_var_set == -1) {
+        const int err = errno;
+        fmt::print(stderr, "setenv failed to set {} with error {}\n", STARTUP_CHECK_ENV_VAR, err);
+        return false;
+    }
+
     if (perform_vulkan_check) {
-        const pid_t pid = fork();
-        if (pid == 0) {
-            CheckVulkan();
-            return true;
-        } else if (pid == -1) {
-            const int err = errno;
-            std::fprintf(stderr, "fork failed with error %d\n", err);
+        const pid_t pid = SpawnChild(arg0);
+        if (pid == -1) {
             return false;
         }
 
         // Get exit code from child process
         int status;
-        const int r_val = wait(&status);
+        const int r_val = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
         if (r_val == -1) {
             const int err = errno;
-            std::fprintf(stderr, "wait failed with error %d\n", err);
+            fmt::print(stderr, "wait failed with error {}\n", err);
             return false;
         }
         // Vulkan is broken if the child crashed (return value is not zero)
         *has_broken_vulkan = (status != 0);
     }
+
+    const int env_var_cleared = unsetenv(STARTUP_CHECK_ENV_VAR);
+    if (env_var_cleared == -1) {
+        const int err = errno;
+        fmt::print(stderr, "unsetenv failed to clear {} with error {}\n", STARTUP_CHECK_ENV_VAR,
+                   err);
+    }
 #endif
     return false;
 }
@@ -150,10 +169,29 @@ bool SpawnChild(const char* arg0, PROCESS_INFORMATION* pi, int flags) {
                                                 pi             // lpProcessInformation
     );
     if (!process_created) {
-        std::fprintf(stderr, "CreateProcessA failed with error %lu\n", GetLastError());
+        fmt::print(stderr, "CreateProcessA failed with error {}\n", GetLastError());
         return false;
     }
 
     return true;
 }
+#elif defined(YUZU_UNIX)
+pid_t SpawnChild(const char* arg0) {
+    const pid_t pid = fork();
+
+    if (pid == -1) {
+        // error
+        const int err = errno;
+        fmt::print(stderr, "fork failed with error {}\n", err);
+        return pid;
+    } else if (pid == 0) {
+        // child
+        execl(arg0, arg0, nullptr);
+        const int err = errno;
+        fmt::print(stderr, "execl failed with error {}\n", err);
+        _exit(0);
+    }
+
+    return pid;
+}
 #endif
diff --git a/src/yuzu/startup_checks.h b/src/yuzu/startup_checks.h
index d8e563be6..2f86fb843 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/startup_checks.h
+++ b/src/yuzu/startup_checks.h
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #include <windows.h>
+#elif defined(YUZU_UNIX)
+#include <sys/types.h>
 #endif
 
 constexpr char IS_CHILD_ENV_VAR[] = "YUZU_IS_CHILD";
@@ -17,4 +19,6 @@ bool StartupChecks(const char* arg0, bool* has_broken_vulkan, bool perform_vulka
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
 bool SpawnChild(const char* arg0, PROCESS_INFORMATION* pi, int flags);
+#elif defined(YUZU_UNIX)
+pid_t SpawnChild(const char* arg0);
 #endif
diff --git a/src/yuzu_cmd/config.cpp b/src/yuzu_cmd/config.cpp
index 66dd0dc15..59f9c8e09 100644
--- a/src/yuzu_cmd/config.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu_cmd/config.cpp
@@ -90,7 +90,11 @@ static const std::array<std::array<int, 5>, Settings::NativeAnalog::NumAnalogs>
 
 template <>
 void Config::ReadSetting(const std::string& group, Settings::Setting<std::string>& setting) {
-    setting = sdl2_config->Get(group, setting.GetLabel(), setting.GetDefault());
+    std::string setting_value = sdl2_config->Get(group, setting.GetLabel(), setting.GetDefault());
+    if (setting_value.empty()) {
+        setting_value = setting.GetDefault();
+    }
+    setting = std::move(setting_value);
 }
 
 template <>
@@ -299,6 +303,7 @@ void Config::ReadValues() {
 
     ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.resolution_setup);
     ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.scaling_filter);
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.fsr_sharpening_slider);
     ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.anti_aliasing);
     ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.fullscreen_mode);
     ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.aspect_ratio);
diff --git a/src/yuzu_cmd/default_ini.h b/src/yuzu_cmd/default_ini.h
index d214771b0..5bbc3f532 100644
--- a/src/yuzu_cmd/default_ini.h
+++ b/src/yuzu_cmd/default_ini.h
@@ -6,16 +6,22 @@
 namespace DefaultINI {
 
 const char* sdl2_config_file = R"(
-[ControlsGeneral]
+
+[ControlsP0]
 # The input devices and parameters for each Switch native input
+# The config section determines the player number where the config will be applied on. For example "ControlsP0", "ControlsP1", ...
 # It should be in the format of "engine:[engine_name],[param1]:[value1],[param2]:[value2]..."
 # Escape characters $0 (for ':'), $1 (for ',') and $2 (for '$') can be used in values
 
+# Indicates if this player should be connected at boot
+connected=
+
 # for button input, the following devices are available:
 #  - "keyboard" (default) for keyboard input. Required parameters:
 #      - "code": the code of the key to bind
 #  - "sdl" for joystick input using SDL. Required parameters:
-#      - "joystick": the index of the joystick to bind
+#      - "guid": SDL identification GUID of the joystick
+#      - "port": the index of the joystick to bind
 #      - "button"(optional): the index of the button to bind
 #      - "hat"(optional): the index of the hat to bind as direction buttons
 #      - "axis"(optional): the index of the axis to bind
@@ -58,12 +64,29 @@ button_screenshot=
 #      - "modifier_scale": a float number representing the applied modifier scale to the analog input.
 #          Must be in range of 0.0-1.0. Defaults to 0.5
 #  - "sdl" for joystick input using SDL. Required parameters:
-#      - "joystick": the index of the joystick to bind
+#      - "guid": SDL identification GUID of the joystick
+#      - "port": the index of the joystick to bind
 #      - "axis_x": the index of the axis to bind as x-axis (default to 0)
 #      - "axis_y": the index of the axis to bind as y-axis (default to 1)
 lstick=
 rstick=
 
+# for motion input, the following devices are available:
+#  - "keyboard" (default) for emulating random motion input from buttons. Required parameters:
+#      - "code": the code of the key to bind
+#  - "sdl" for motion input using SDL. Required parameters:
+#      - "guid": SDL identification GUID of the joystick
+#      - "port": the index of the joystick to bind
+#      - "motion": the index of the motion sensor to bind
+#  - "cemuhookudp" for motion input using Cemu Hook protocol. Required parameters:
+#      - "guid": the IP address of the cemu hook server encoded to a hex string. for example 192.168.0.1 = "c0a80001"
+#      - "port": the port of the cemu hook server
+#      - "pad": the index of the joystick
+#      - "motion": the index of the motion sensor of the joystick to bind
+motionleft=
+motionright=
+
+[ControlsGeneral]
 # To use the debug_pad, prepend `debug_pad_` before each button setting above.
 # i.e. debug_pad_button_a=
 
diff --git a/src/yuzu_cmd/emu_window/emu_window_sdl2.cpp b/src/yuzu_cmd/emu_window/emu_window_sdl2.cpp
index 4ac72c2f6..37dd1747c 100644
--- a/src/yuzu_cmd/emu_window/emu_window_sdl2.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu_cmd/emu_window/emu_window_sdl2.cpp
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "common/scm_rev.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/hid/hid_core.h"
 #include "core/perf_stats.h"
 #include "input_common/drivers/keyboard.h"
 #include "input_common/drivers/mouse.h"
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ EmuWindow_SDL2::EmuWindow_SDL2(InputCommon::InputSubsystem* input_subsystem_, Co
 }
 
 EmuWindow_SDL2::~EmuWindow_SDL2() {
+    system.HIDCore().UnloadInputDevices();
     input_subsystem->Shutdown();
     SDL_Quit();
 }