43 files changed, 940 insertions, 1028 deletions

diff --git a/src/android/app/build.gradle.kts b/src/android/app/build.gradle.kts
index 188ef9469..cb026211c 100644
--- a/src/android/app/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/src/android/app/build.gradle.kts
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint
 import kotlin.collections.setOf
-import org.jetbrains.kotlin.konan.properties.Properties
 import org.jlleitschuh.gradle.ktlint.reporter.ReporterType
+import com.github.triplet.gradle.androidpublisher.ReleaseStatus
 
 plugins {
     id("com.android.application")
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ plugins {
     kotlin("plugin.serialization") version "1.9.20"
     id("androidx.navigation.safeargs.kotlin")
     id("org.jlleitschuh.gradle.ktlint") version "11.4.0"
+    id("com.github.triplet.play") version "3.8.6"
 }
 
 /**
@@ -58,15 +59,7 @@ android {
         targetSdk = 34
         versionName = getGitVersion()
 
-        // If you want to use autoVersion for the versionCode, create a property in local.properties
-        // named "autoVersioned" and set it to "true"
-        val properties = Properties()
-        val versionProperty = try {
-            properties.load(project.rootProject.file("local.properties").inputStream())
-            properties.getProperty("autoVersioned") ?: ""
-        } catch (e: Exception) { "" }
-
-        versionCode = if (versionProperty == "true") {
+        versionCode = if (System.getenv("AUTO_VERSIONED") == "true") {
             autoVersion
         } else {
             1
@@ -221,6 +214,15 @@ ktlint {
     }
 }
 
+play {
+    val keyPath = System.getenv("SERVICE_ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH")
+    if (keyPath != null) {
+        serviceAccountCredentials.set(File(keyPath))
+    }
+    track.set(System.getenv("STORE_TRACK") ?: "internal")
+    releaseStatus.set(ReleaseStatus.COMPLETED)
+}
+
 dependencies {
     implementation("androidx.core:core-ktx:1.12.0")
     implementation("androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1")
@@ -257,12 +259,18 @@ fun runGitCommand(command: List<String>): String {
 }
 
 fun getGitVersion(): String {
+    val gitVersion = runGitCommand(
+        listOf(
+            "git",
+            "describe",
+            "--always",
+            "--long"
+        )
+    ).replace(Regex("(-0)?-[^-]+$"), "")
     val versionName = if (System.getenv("GITHUB_ACTIONS") != null) {
-        val gitTag = System.getenv("GIT_TAG_NAME") ?: ""
-        gitTag
+        System.getenv("GIT_TAG_NAME") ?: gitVersion
     } else {
-        runGitCommand(listOf("git", "describe", "--always", "--long"))
-            .replace(Regex("(-0)?-[^-]+$"), "")
+        gitVersion
     }
     return versionName.ifEmpty { "0.0" }
 }
diff --git a/src/common/CMakeLists.txt b/src/common/CMakeLists.txt
index 85926fc8f..c19af2ab8 100644
--- a/src/common/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/common/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -107,6 +107,8 @@ add_library(common STATIC
     quaternion.h
     range_map.h
     range_mutex.h
+    range_sets.h
+    range_sets.inc
     reader_writer_queue.h
     ring_buffer.h
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/scm_rev.cpp
@@ -121,6 +123,7 @@ add_library(common STATIC
     settings_input.cpp
     settings_input.h
     settings_setting.h
+    slot_vector.h
     socket_types.h
     spin_lock.cpp
     spin_lock.h
diff --git a/src/common/range_sets.h b/src/common/range_sets.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f8fcee483
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/common/range_sets.h
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Common {
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+class RangeSet {
+public:
+    RangeSet();
+    ~RangeSet();
+
+    RangeSet(RangeSet const&) = delete;
+    RangeSet& operator=(RangeSet const&) = delete;
+
+    RangeSet(RangeSet&& other);
+    RangeSet& operator=(RangeSet&& other);
+
+    void Add(AddressType base_address, size_t size);
+    void Subtract(AddressType base_address, size_t size);
+    void Clear();
+    bool Empty() const;
+
+    template <typename Func>
+    void ForEach(Func&& func) const;
+
+    template <typename Func>
+    void ForEachInRange(AddressType device_addr, size_t size, Func&& func) const;
+
+private:
+    struct RangeSetImpl;
+    std::unique_ptr<RangeSetImpl> m_impl;
+};
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+class OverlapRangeSet {
+public:
+    OverlapRangeSet();
+    ~OverlapRangeSet();
+
+    OverlapRangeSet(OverlapRangeSet const&) = delete;
+    OverlapRangeSet& operator=(OverlapRangeSet const&) = delete;
+
+    OverlapRangeSet(OverlapRangeSet&& other);
+    OverlapRangeSet& operator=(OverlapRangeSet&& other);
+
+    void Add(AddressType base_address, size_t size);
+    void Subtract(AddressType base_address, size_t size);
+
+    template <typename Func>
+    void Subtract(AddressType base_address, size_t size, Func&& on_delete);
+
+    void DeleteAll(AddressType base_address, size_t size);
+    void Clear();
+    bool Empty() const;
+
+    template <typename Func>
+    void ForEach(Func&& func) const;
+
+    template <typename Func>
+    void ForEachInRange(AddressType device_addr, size_t size, Func&& func) const;
+
+private:
+    struct OverlapRangeSetImpl;
+    std::unique_ptr<OverlapRangeSetImpl> m_impl;
+};
+
+} // namespace Common
diff --git a/src/common/range_sets.inc b/src/common/range_sets.inc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b83eceb7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/common/range_sets.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2024 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <limits>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include <boost/icl/interval.hpp>
+#include <boost/icl/interval_base_set.hpp>
+#include <boost/icl/interval_map.hpp>
+#include <boost/icl/interval_set.hpp>
+#include <boost/icl/split_interval_map.hpp>
+#include <boost/pool/pool.hpp>
+#include <boost/pool/pool_alloc.hpp>
+#include <boost/pool/poolfwd.hpp>
+
+#include "common/range_sets.h"
+
+namespace Common {
+
+namespace {
+template <class T>
+using RangeSetsAllocator =
+    boost::fast_pool_allocator<T, boost::default_user_allocator_new_delete,
+                               boost::details::pool::default_mutex, 1024, 2048>;
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+struct RangeSet<AddressType>::RangeSetImpl {
+    using IntervalSet = boost::icl::interval_set<
+        AddressType, std::less, ICL_INTERVAL_INSTANCE(ICL_INTERVAL_DEFAULT, AddressType, std::less),
+        RangeSetsAllocator>;
+    using IntervalType = typename IntervalSet::interval_type;
+
+    RangeSetImpl() = default;
+    ~RangeSetImpl() = default;
+
+    void Add(AddressType base_address, size_t size) {
+        AddressType end_address = base_address + static_cast<AddressType>(size);
+        IntervalType interval{base_address, end_address};
+        m_ranges_set.add(interval);
+    }
+
+    void Subtract(AddressType base_address, size_t size) {
+        AddressType end_address = base_address + static_cast<AddressType>(size);
+        IntervalType interval{base_address, end_address};
+        m_ranges_set.subtract(interval);
+    }
+
+    template <typename Func>
+    void ForEach(Func&& func) const {
+        if (m_ranges_set.empty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        auto it = m_ranges_set.begin();
+        auto end_it = m_ranges_set.end();
+        for (; it != end_it; it++) {
+            const AddressType inter_addr_end = it->upper();
+            const AddressType inter_addr = it->lower();
+            func(inter_addr, inter_addr_end);
+        }
+    }
+
+    template <typename Func>
+    void ForEachInRange(AddressType base_addr, size_t size, Func&& func) const {
+        if (m_ranges_set.empty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const AddressType start_address = base_addr;
+        const AddressType end_address = start_address + size;
+        const RangeSetImpl::IntervalType search_interval{start_address, end_address};
+        auto it = m_ranges_set.lower_bound(search_interval);
+        if (it == m_ranges_set.end()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        auto end_it = m_ranges_set.upper_bound(search_interval);
+        for (; it != end_it; it++) {
+            AddressType inter_addr_end = it->upper();
+            AddressType inter_addr = it->lower();
+            if (inter_addr_end > end_address) {
+                inter_addr_end = end_address;
+            }
+            if (inter_addr < start_address) {
+                inter_addr = start_address;
+            }
+            func(inter_addr, inter_addr_end);
+        }
+    }
+
+    IntervalSet m_ranges_set;
+};
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+struct OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::OverlapRangeSetImpl {
+    using IntervalSet = boost::icl::split_interval_map<
+        AddressType, s32, boost::icl::partial_enricher, std::less, boost::icl::inplace_plus,
+        boost::icl::inter_section,
+        ICL_INTERVAL_INSTANCE(ICL_INTERVAL_DEFAULT, AddressType, std::less), RangeSetsAllocator>;
+    using IntervalType = typename IntervalSet::interval_type;
+
+    OverlapRangeSetImpl() = default;
+    ~OverlapRangeSetImpl() = default;
+
+    void Add(AddressType base_address, size_t size) {
+        AddressType end_address = base_address + static_cast<AddressType>(size);
+        IntervalType interval{base_address, end_address};
+        m_split_ranges_set += std::make_pair(interval, 1);
+    }
+
+    template <bool has_on_delete, typename Func>
+    void Subtract(AddressType base_address, size_t size, s32 amount,
+                  [[maybe_unused]] Func&& on_delete) {
+        if (m_split_ranges_set.empty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        AddressType end_address = base_address + static_cast<AddressType>(size);
+        IntervalType interval{base_address, end_address};
+        bool any_removals = false;
+        m_split_ranges_set += std::make_pair(interval, -amount);
+        do {
+            any_removals = false;
+            auto it = m_split_ranges_set.lower_bound(interval);
+            if (it == m_split_ranges_set.end()) {
+                return;
+            }
+            auto end_it = m_split_ranges_set.upper_bound(interval);
+            for (; it != end_it; it++) {
+                if (it->second <= 0) {
+                    if constexpr (has_on_delete) {
+                        if (it->second == 0) {
+                            on_delete(it->first.lower(), it->first.upper());
+                        }
+                    }
+                    any_removals = true;
+                    m_split_ranges_set.erase(it);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        } while (any_removals);
+    }
+
+    template <typename Func>
+    void ForEach(Func&& func) const {
+        if (m_split_ranges_set.empty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        auto it = m_split_ranges_set.begin();
+        auto end_it = m_split_ranges_set.end();
+        for (; it != end_it; it++) {
+            const AddressType inter_addr_end = it->first.upper();
+            const AddressType inter_addr = it->first.lower();
+            func(inter_addr, inter_addr_end, it->second);
+        }
+    }
+
+    template <typename Func>
+    void ForEachInRange(AddressType base_address, size_t size, Func&& func) const {
+        if (m_split_ranges_set.empty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const AddressType start_address = base_address;
+        const AddressType end_address = start_address + size;
+        const OverlapRangeSetImpl::IntervalType search_interval{start_address, end_address};
+        auto it = m_split_ranges_set.lower_bound(search_interval);
+        if (it == m_split_ranges_set.end()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        auto end_it = m_split_ranges_set.upper_bound(search_interval);
+        for (; it != end_it; it++) {
+            auto& inter = it->first;
+            AddressType inter_addr_end = inter.upper();
+            AddressType inter_addr = inter.lower();
+            if (inter_addr_end > end_address) {
+                inter_addr_end = end_address;
+            }
+            if (inter_addr < start_address) {
+                inter_addr = start_address;
+            }
+            func(inter_addr, inter_addr_end, it->second);
+        }
+    }
+
+    IntervalSet m_split_ranges_set;
+};
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+RangeSet<AddressType>::RangeSet() {
+    m_impl = std::make_unique<RangeSet<AddressType>::RangeSetImpl>();
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+RangeSet<AddressType>::~RangeSet() = default;
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+RangeSet<AddressType>::RangeSet(RangeSet&& other) {
+    m_impl = std::make_unique<RangeSet<AddressType>::RangeSetImpl>();
+    m_impl->m_ranges_set = std::move(other.m_impl->m_ranges_set);
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+RangeSet<AddressType>& RangeSet<AddressType>::operator=(RangeSet&& other) {
+    m_impl->m_ranges_set = std::move(other.m_impl->m_ranges_set);
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+void RangeSet<AddressType>::Add(AddressType base_address, size_t size) {
+    m_impl->Add(base_address, size);
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+void RangeSet<AddressType>::Subtract(AddressType base_address, size_t size) {
+    m_impl->Subtract(base_address, size);
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+void RangeSet<AddressType>::Clear() {
+    m_impl->m_ranges_set.clear();
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+bool RangeSet<AddressType>::Empty() const {
+    return m_impl->m_ranges_set.empty();
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+template <typename Func>
+void RangeSet<AddressType>::ForEach(Func&& func) const {
+    m_impl->ForEach(std::move(func));
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+template <typename Func>
+void RangeSet<AddressType>::ForEachInRange(AddressType base_address, size_t size,
+                                           Func&& func) const {
+    m_impl->ForEachInRange(base_address, size, std::move(func));
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::OverlapRangeSet() {
+    m_impl = std::make_unique<OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::OverlapRangeSetImpl>();
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::~OverlapRangeSet() = default;
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::OverlapRangeSet(OverlapRangeSet&& other) {
+    m_impl = std::make_unique<OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::OverlapRangeSetImpl>();
+    m_impl->m_split_ranges_set = std::move(other.m_impl->m_split_ranges_set);
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>& OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::operator=(OverlapRangeSet&& other) {
+    m_impl->m_split_ranges_set = std::move(other.m_impl->m_split_ranges_set);
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+void OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::Add(AddressType base_address, size_t size) {
+    m_impl->Add(base_address, size);
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+void OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::Subtract(AddressType base_address, size_t size) {
+    m_impl->template Subtract<false>(base_address, size, 1, [](AddressType, AddressType) {});
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+template <typename Func>
+void OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::Subtract(AddressType base_address, size_t size,
+                                            Func&& on_delete) {
+    m_impl->template Subtract<true, Func>(base_address, size, 1, std::move(on_delete));
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+void OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::DeleteAll(AddressType base_address, size_t size) {
+    m_impl->template Subtract<false>(base_address, size, std::numeric_limits<s32>::max(),
+                                     [](AddressType, AddressType) {});
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+void OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::Clear() {
+    m_impl->m_split_ranges_set.clear();
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+bool OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::Empty() const {
+    return m_impl->m_split_ranges_set.empty();
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+template <typename Func>
+void OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::ForEach(Func&& func) const {
+    m_impl->ForEach(func);
+}
+
+template <typename AddressType>
+template <typename Func>
+void OverlapRangeSet<AddressType>::ForEachInRange(AddressType base_address, size_t size,
+                                                  Func&& func) const {
+    m_impl->ForEachInRange(base_address, size, std::move(func));
+}
+
+} // namespace Common
diff --git a/src/video_core/texture_cache/slot_vector.h b/src/common/slot_vector.h
index 3ffa2a661..34ff7de94 100644
--- a/src/video_core/texture_cache/slot_vector.h
+++ b/src/common/slot_vector.h
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/polyfill_ranges.h"
 
-namespace VideoCommon {
+namespace Common {
 
 struct SlotId {
     static constexpr u32 INVALID_INDEX = std::numeric_limits<u32>::max();
@@ -217,11 +217,11 @@ private:
     std::vector<u32> free_list;
 };
 
-} // namespace VideoCommon
+} // namespace Common
 
 template <>
-struct std::hash<VideoCommon::SlotId> {
-    size_t operator()(const VideoCommon::SlotId& id) const noexcept {
+struct std::hash<Common::SlotId> {
+    size_t operator()(const Common::SlotId& id) const noexcept {
         return std::hash<u32>{}(id.index);
     }
 };
diff --git a/src/core/device_memory_manager.inc b/src/core/device_memory_manager.inc
index b026f4220..6dfee806c 100644
--- a/src/core/device_memory_manager.inc
+++ b/src/core/device_memory_manager.inc
@@ -532,6 +532,7 @@ void DeviceMemoryManager<Traits>::UpdatePagesCachedCount(DAddr addr, size_t size
             cache_bytes = 0;
         }
     };
+    size_t old_vpage = (base_vaddress >> Memory::YUZU_PAGEBITS) - 1;
     for (; page != page_end; ++page) {
         CounterAtomicType& count = cached_pages->at(page >> subentries_shift).Count(page);
         auto [asid_2, vpage] = ExtractCPUBacking(page);
@@ -547,6 +548,12 @@ void DeviceMemoryManager<Traits>::UpdatePagesCachedCount(DAddr addr, size_t size
             memory_device_inter = registered_processes[asid_2.id];
         }
 
+        if (vpage != old_vpage + 1) [[unlikely]] {
+            release_pending();
+        }
+
+        old_vpage = vpage;
+
         // Adds or subtracts 1, as count is a unsigned 8-bit value
         count.fetch_add(static_cast<CounterType>(delta), std::memory_order_release);
 
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/cmif_types.h b/src/core/hle/service/cmif_types.h
index 84f4c2456..325304d5c 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/cmif_types.h
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/cmif_types.h
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ class OutLargeData {
 public:
     static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>, "LargeData type must be trivially copyable");
     static_assert((A & BufferAttr_In) == 0, "OutLargeData attr must not be In");
-    static constexpr BufferAttr Attr = static_cast<BufferAttr>(A | BufferAttr_In | BufferAttr_FixedSize);
+    static constexpr BufferAttr Attr = static_cast<BufferAttr>(A | BufferAttr_Out | BufferAttr_FixedSize);
     using Type = T;
 
     /* implicit */ OutLargeData(const OutLargeData& t) : raw(t.raw) {}
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.cpp
index b60fb9139..1fa9cfbfb 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/hid/hid.cpp
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ void LoopProcess(Core::System& system) {
     server_manager->RegisterNamedService(
         "hid:sys", std::make_shared<IHidSystemServer>(system, resource_manager, firmware_settings));
 
-    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("hidbus", std::make_shared<HidBus>(system));
+    server_manager->RegisterNamedService("hidbus", std::make_shared<Hidbus>(system));
 
     server_manager->RegisterNamedService("irs", std::make_shared<IRS::IRS>(system));
     server_manager->RegisterNamedService("irs:sys", std::make_shared<IRS::IRS_SYS>(system));
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/hid/hid_system_server.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/hid/hid_system_server.cpp
index 22471e9e2..7126a1dcd 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/hid/hid_system_server.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/hid/hid_system_server.cpp
@@ -508,13 +508,8 @@ void IHidSystemServer::RegisterAppletResourceUserId(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     Result result = GetResourceManager()->RegisterAppletResourceUserId(
         parameters.applet_resource_user_id, parameters.enable_input);
 
-    if (result.IsSuccess()) {
-        // result = GetResourceManager()->GetNpad()->RegisterAppletResourceUserId(
-        //     parameters.applet_resource_user_id);
-    }
-
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
+    rb.Push(result);
 }
 
 void IHidSystemServer::UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
@@ -524,8 +519,6 @@ void IHidSystemServer::UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
     LOG_INFO(Service_HID, "called, applet_resource_user_id={}", applet_resource_user_id);
 
     GetResourceManager()->UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(applet_resource_user_id);
-    // GetResourceManager()->GetNpad()->UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(applet_resource_user_id);
-    // GetResourceManager()->GetPalma()->UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(applet_resource_user_id);
 
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
     rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/hid/hidbus.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/hid/hidbus.cpp
index c903ee8b8..4fb002bc4 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/hid/hidbus.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/hid/hidbus.cpp
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_readable_event.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_shared_memory.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_transfer_memory.h"
+#include "core/hle/service/cmif_serialization.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/hid/hidbus.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/ipc_helpers.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
@@ -22,25 +23,25 @@ namespace Service::HID {
 // (15ms, 66Hz)
 constexpr auto hidbus_update_ns = std::chrono::nanoseconds{15 * 1000 * 1000};
 
-HidBus::HidBus(Core::System& system_)
+Hidbus::Hidbus(Core::System& system_)
     : ServiceFramework{system_, "hidbus"}, service_context{system_, service_name} {
 
     // clang-format off
     static const FunctionInfo functions[] = {
-            {1, &HidBus::GetBusHandle, "GetBusHandle"},
-            {2, &HidBus::IsExternalDeviceConnected, "IsExternalDeviceConnected"},
-            {3, &HidBus::Initialize, "Initialize"},
-            {4, &HidBus::Finalize, "Finalize"},
-            {5, &HidBus::EnableExternalDevice, "EnableExternalDevice"},
-            {6, &HidBus::GetExternalDeviceId, "GetExternalDeviceId"},
-            {7, &HidBus::SendCommandAsync, "SendCommandAsync"},
-            {8, &HidBus::GetSendCommandAsynceResult, "GetSendCommandAsynceResult"},
-            {9, &HidBus::SetEventForSendCommandAsycResult, "SetEventForSendCommandAsycResult"},
-            {10, &HidBus::GetSharedMemoryHandle, "GetSharedMemoryHandle"},
-            {11, &HidBus::EnableJoyPollingReceiveMode, "EnableJoyPollingReceiveMode"},
-            {12, &HidBus::DisableJoyPollingReceiveMode, "DisableJoyPollingReceiveMode"},
+            {1, C<&Hidbus::GetBusHandle>, "GetBusHandle"},
+            {2, C<&Hidbus::IsExternalDeviceConnected>, "IsExternalDeviceConnected"},
+            {3, C<&Hidbus::Initialize>, "Initialize"},
+            {4, C<&Hidbus::Finalize>, "Finalize"},
+            {5, C<&Hidbus::EnableExternalDevice>, "EnableExternalDevice"},
+            {6, C<&Hidbus::GetExternalDeviceId>, "GetExternalDeviceId"},
+            {7, C<&Hidbus::SendCommandAsync>, "SendCommandAsync"},
+            {8, C<&Hidbus::GetSendCommandAsynceResult>, "GetSendCommandAsynceResult"},
+            {9, C<&Hidbus::SetEventForSendCommandAsycResult>, "SetEventForSendCommandAsycResult"},
+            {10, C<&Hidbus::GetSharedMemoryHandle>, "GetSharedMemoryHandle"},
+            {11, C<&Hidbus::EnableJoyPollingReceiveMode>, "EnableJoyPollingReceiveMode"},
+            {12, C<&Hidbus::DisableJoyPollingReceiveMode>, "DisableJoyPollingReceiveMode"},
             {13, nullptr, "GetPollingData"},
-            {14, &HidBus::SetStatusManagerType, "SetStatusManagerType"},
+            {14, C<&Hidbus::SetStatusManagerType>, "SetStatusManagerType"},
     };
     // clang-format on
 
@@ -60,11 +61,11 @@ HidBus::HidBus(Core::System& system_)
                                               hidbus_update_event);
 }
 
-HidBus::~HidBus() {
+Hidbus::~Hidbus() {
     system.CoreTiming().UnscheduleEvent(hidbus_update_event);
 }
 
-void HidBus::UpdateHidbus(std::chrono::nanoseconds ns_late) {
+void Hidbus::UpdateHidbus(std::chrono::nanoseconds ns_late) {
     if (is_hidbus_enabled) {
         for (std::size_t i = 0; i < devices.size(); ++i) {
             if (!devices[i].is_device_initialized) {
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ void HidBus::UpdateHidbus(std::chrono::nanoseconds ns_late) {
     }
 }
 
-std::optional<std::size_t> HidBus::GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(BusHandle handle) const {
+std::optional<std::size_t> Hidbus::GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(BusHandle handle) const {
     for (std::size_t i = 0; i < devices.size(); ++i) {
         const auto& device_handle = devices[i].handle;
         if (handle.abstracted_pad_id == device_handle.abstracted_pad_id &&
@@ -98,20 +99,11 @@ std::optional<std::size_t> HidBus::GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(BusHandle handle) co
     return std::nullopt;
 }
 
-void HidBus::GetBusHandle(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    struct Parameters {
-        Core::HID::NpadIdType npad_id;
-        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(1);
-        BusType bus_type;
-        u64 applet_resource_user_id;
-    };
-    static_assert(sizeof(Parameters) == 0x18, "Parameters has incorrect size.");
-
-    const auto parameters{rp.PopRaw<Parameters>()};
-
-    LOG_INFO(Service_HID, "called, npad_id={}, bus_type={}, applet_resource_user_id={}",
-             parameters.npad_id, parameters.bus_type, parameters.applet_resource_user_id);
+Result Hidbus::GetBusHandle(Out<bool> out_is_valid, Out<BusHandle> out_bus_handle,
+                            Core::HID::NpadIdType npad_id, BusType bus_type,
+                            AppletResourceUserId aruid) {
+    LOG_INFO(Service_HID, "called, npad_id={}, bus_type={}, applet_resource_user_id={}", npad_id,
+             bus_type, aruid.pid);
 
     bool is_handle_found = 0;
     std::size_t handle_index = 0;
@@ -121,8 +113,8 @@ void HidBus::GetBusHandle(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
         if (!handle.is_valid) {
             continue;
         }
-        if (static_cast<Core::HID::NpadIdType>(handle.player_number) == parameters.npad_id &&
-            handle.bus_type_id == static_cast<u8>(parameters.bus_type)) {
+        if (handle.player_number.As<Core::HID::NpadIdType>() == npad_id &&
+            handle.bus_type_id == static_cast<u8>(bus_type)) {
             is_handle_found = true;
             handle_index = i;
             break;
@@ -135,388 +127,231 @@ void HidBus::GetBusHandle(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
             if (devices[i].handle.is_valid) {
                 continue;
             }
-            devices[i].handle = {
-                .abstracted_pad_id = static_cast<u8>(i),
-                .internal_index = static_cast<u8>(i),
-                .player_number = static_cast<u8>(parameters.npad_id),
-                .bus_type_id = static_cast<u8>(parameters.bus_type),
-                .is_valid = true,
-            };
+            devices[i].handle.raw = 0;
+            devices[i].handle.abstracted_pad_id.Assign(i);
+            devices[i].handle.internal_index.Assign(i);
+            devices[i].handle.player_number.Assign(static_cast<u8>(npad_id));
+            devices[i].handle.bus_type_id.Assign(static_cast<u8>(bus_type));
+            devices[i].handle.is_valid.Assign(true);
             handle_index = i;
             break;
         }
     }
 
-    struct OutData {
-        bool is_valid;
-        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES(7);
-        BusHandle handle;
-    };
-    static_assert(sizeof(OutData) == 0x10, "OutData has incorrect size.");
-
-    const OutData out_data{
-        .is_valid = true,
-        .handle = devices[handle_index].handle,
-    };
-
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 6};
-    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-    rb.PushRaw(out_data);
+    *out_is_valid = true;
+    *out_bus_handle = devices[handle_index].handle;
+    R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-void HidBus::IsExternalDeviceConnected(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto bus_handle_{rp.PopRaw<BusHandle>()};
-
+Result Hidbus::IsExternalDeviceConnected(Out<bool> out_is_connected, BusHandle bus_handle) {
     LOG_INFO(Service_HID,
              "Called, abstracted_pad_id={}, bus_type={}, internal_index={}, "
              "player_number={}, is_valid={}",
-             bus_handle_.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle_.bus_type_id, bus_handle_.internal_index,
-             bus_handle_.player_number, bus_handle_.is_valid);
+             bus_handle.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle.bus_type_id, bus_handle.internal_index,
+             bus_handle.player_number, bus_handle.is_valid);
 
-    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle_);
+    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle);
 
-    if (device_index) {
-        const auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
-        const bool is_attached = device->IsDeviceActivated();
+    R_UNLESS(device_index.has_value(), ResultUnknown);
 
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        rb.Push(is_attached);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Invalid handle");
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
-    return;
+    *out_is_connected = devices[device_index.value()].device->IsDeviceActivated();
+    R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-void HidBus::Initialize(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto bus_handle_{rp.PopRaw<BusHandle>()};
-    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
-
+Result Hidbus::Initialize(BusHandle bus_handle, AppletResourceUserId aruid) {
     LOG_INFO(Service_HID,
              "called, abstracted_pad_id={} bus_type={} internal_index={} "
              "player_number={} is_valid={}, applet_resource_user_id={}",
-             bus_handle_.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle_.bus_type_id, bus_handle_.internal_index,
-             bus_handle_.player_number, bus_handle_.is_valid, applet_resource_user_id);
+             bus_handle.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle.bus_type_id, bus_handle.internal_index,
+             bus_handle.player_number, bus_handle.is_valid, aruid.pid);
 
     is_hidbus_enabled = true;
 
-    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle_);
-
-    if (device_index) {
-        const auto entry_index = devices[device_index.value()].handle.internal_index;
-        auto& cur_entry = hidbus_status.entries[entry_index];
-
-        if (bus_handle_.internal_index == 0 && Settings::values.enable_ring_controller) {
-            MakeDevice<RingController>(bus_handle_);
-            devices[device_index.value()].is_device_initialized = true;
-            devices[device_index.value()].device->ActivateDevice();
-            cur_entry.is_in_focus = true;
-            cur_entry.is_connected = true;
-            cur_entry.is_connected_result = ResultSuccess;
-            cur_entry.is_enabled = false;
-            cur_entry.is_polling_mode = false;
-        } else {
-            MakeDevice<HidbusStubbed>(bus_handle_);
-            devices[device_index.value()].is_device_initialized = true;
-            cur_entry.is_in_focus = true;
-            cur_entry.is_connected = false;
-            cur_entry.is_connected_result = ResultSuccess;
-            cur_entry.is_enabled = false;
-            cur_entry.is_polling_mode = false;
-        }
-
-        std::memcpy(system.Kernel().GetHidBusSharedMem().GetPointer(), &hidbus_status,
-                    sizeof(hidbus_status));
-
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        return;
-    }
+    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle);
 
-    LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Invalid handle");
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
-    return;
-}
+    R_UNLESS(device_index.has_value(), ResultUnknown);
 
-void HidBus::Finalize(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto bus_handle_{rp.PopRaw<BusHandle>()};
-    const auto applet_resource_user_id{rp.Pop<u64>()};
-
-    LOG_INFO(Service_HID,
-             "called, abstracted_pad_id={}, bus_type={}, internal_index={}, "
-             "player_number={}, is_valid={}, applet_resource_user_id={}",
-             bus_handle_.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle_.bus_type_id, bus_handle_.internal_index,
-             bus_handle_.player_number, bus_handle_.is_valid, applet_resource_user_id);
-
-    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle_);
-
-    if (device_index) {
-        const auto entry_index = devices[device_index.value()].handle.internal_index;
-        auto& cur_entry = hidbus_status.entries[entry_index];
-        auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
-        devices[device_index.value()].is_device_initialized = false;
-        device->DeactivateDevice();
+    const auto entry_index = devices[device_index.value()].handle.internal_index;
+    auto& cur_entry = hidbus_status.entries[entry_index];
 
+    if (bus_handle.internal_index == 0 && Settings::values.enable_ring_controller) {
+        MakeDevice<RingController>(bus_handle);
+        devices[device_index.value()].is_device_initialized = true;
+        devices[device_index.value()].device->ActivateDevice();
+        cur_entry.is_in_focus = true;
+        cur_entry.is_connected = true;
+        cur_entry.is_connected_result = ResultSuccess;
+        cur_entry.is_enabled = false;
+        cur_entry.is_polling_mode = false;
+    } else {
+        MakeDevice<HidbusStubbed>(bus_handle);
+        devices[device_index.value()].is_device_initialized = true;
         cur_entry.is_in_focus = true;
         cur_entry.is_connected = false;
         cur_entry.is_connected_result = ResultSuccess;
         cur_entry.is_enabled = false;
         cur_entry.is_polling_mode = false;
-        std::memcpy(system.Kernel().GetHidBusSharedMem().GetPointer(), &hidbus_status,
-                    sizeof(hidbus_status));
-
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        return;
     }
 
-    LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Invalid handle");
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
-    return;
+    std::memcpy(system.Kernel().GetHidBusSharedMem().GetPointer(), &hidbus_status,
+                sizeof(hidbus_status));
+    R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-void HidBus::EnableExternalDevice(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    struct Parameters {
-        bool enable;
-        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(7);
-        BusHandle bus_handle;
-        u64 inval;
-        u64 applet_resource_user_id;
-    };
-    static_assert(sizeof(Parameters) == 0x20, "Parameters has incorrect size.");
-
-    const auto parameters{rp.PopRaw<Parameters>()};
+Result Hidbus::Finalize(BusHandle bus_handle, AppletResourceUserId aruid) {
+    LOG_INFO(Service_HID,
+             "called, abstracted_pad_id={}, bus_type={}, internal_index={}, "
+             "player_number={}, is_valid={}, applet_resource_user_id={}",
+             bus_handle.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle.bus_type_id, bus_handle.internal_index,
+             bus_handle.player_number, bus_handle.is_valid, aruid.pid);
+
+    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle);
+
+    R_UNLESS(device_index.has_value(), ResultUnknown);
+
+    const auto entry_index = devices[device_index.value()].handle.internal_index;
+    auto& cur_entry = hidbus_status.entries[entry_index];
+    auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
+    devices[device_index.value()].is_device_initialized = false;
+    device->DeactivateDevice();
+
+    cur_entry.is_in_focus = true;
+    cur_entry.is_connected = false;
+    cur_entry.is_connected_result = ResultSuccess;
+    cur_entry.is_enabled = false;
+    cur_entry.is_polling_mode = false;
+    std::memcpy(system.Kernel().GetHidBusSharedMem().GetPointer(), &hidbus_status,
+                sizeof(hidbus_status));
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
 
+Result Hidbus::EnableExternalDevice(bool is_enabled, BusHandle bus_handle, u64 inval,
+                                    AppletResourceUserId aruid) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID,
               "called, enable={}, abstracted_pad_id={}, bus_type={}, internal_index={}, "
               "player_number={}, is_valid={}, inval={}, applet_resource_user_id{}",
-              parameters.enable, parameters.bus_handle.abstracted_pad_id,
-              parameters.bus_handle.bus_type_id, parameters.bus_handle.internal_index,
-              parameters.bus_handle.player_number, parameters.bus_handle.is_valid, parameters.inval,
-              parameters.applet_resource_user_id);
-
-    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(parameters.bus_handle);
-
-    if (device_index) {
-        auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
-        device->Enable(parameters.enable);
+              is_enabled, bus_handle.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle.bus_type_id,
+              bus_handle.internal_index, bus_handle.player_number, bus_handle.is_valid, inval,
+              aruid.pid);
 
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        return;
-    }
+    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle);
 
-    LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Invalid handle");
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
-    return;
+    R_UNLESS(device_index.has_value(), ResultUnknown);
+    devices[device_index.value()].device->Enable(is_enabled);
+    R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-void HidBus::GetExternalDeviceId(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto bus_handle_{rp.PopRaw<BusHandle>()};
-
+Result Hidbus::GetExternalDeviceId(Out<u32> out_device_id, BusHandle bus_handle) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID,
               "called, abstracted_pad_id={}, bus_type={}, internal_index={}, player_number={}, "
               "is_valid={}",
-              bus_handle_.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle_.bus_type_id, bus_handle_.internal_index,
-              bus_handle_.player_number, bus_handle_.is_valid);
-
-    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle_);
-
-    if (device_index) {
-        const auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
-        u32 device_id = device->GetDeviceId();
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 3};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        rb.Push<u32>(device_id);
-        return;
-    }
+              bus_handle.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle.bus_type_id, bus_handle.internal_index,
+              bus_handle.player_number, bus_handle.is_valid);
 
-    LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Invalid handle");
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
-    return;
-}
+    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle);
 
-void HidBus::SendCommandAsync(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto data = ctx.ReadBuffer();
-    const auto bus_handle_{rp.PopRaw<BusHandle>()};
+    R_UNLESS(device_index.has_value(), ResultUnknown);
 
+    *out_device_id = devices[device_index.value()].device->GetDeviceId();
+    R_SUCCEED();
+}
+
+Result Hidbus::SendCommandAsync(BusHandle bus_handle,
+                                InBuffer<BufferAttr_HipcAutoSelect> buffer_data) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID,
               "called, data_size={}, abstracted_pad_id={}, bus_type={}, internal_index={}, "
               "player_number={}, is_valid={}",
-              data.size(), bus_handle_.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle_.bus_type_id,
-              bus_handle_.internal_index, bus_handle_.player_number, bus_handle_.is_valid);
+              buffer_data.size(), bus_handle.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle.bus_type_id,
+              bus_handle.internal_index, bus_handle.player_number, bus_handle.is_valid);
 
-    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle_);
+    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle);
 
-    if (device_index) {
-        auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
-        device->SetCommand(data);
-
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        return;
-    }
+    R_UNLESS(device_index.has_value(), ResultUnknown);
 
-    LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Invalid handle");
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
-    return;
+    devices[device_index.value()].device->SetCommand(buffer_data);
+    R_SUCCEED();
 };
 
-void HidBus::GetSendCommandAsynceResult(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto bus_handle_{rp.PopRaw<BusHandle>()};
-
+Result Hidbus::GetSendCommandAsynceResult(Out<u64> out_data_size, BusHandle bus_handle,
+                                          OutBuffer<BufferAttr_HipcAutoSelect> out_buffer_data) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID,
               "called, abstracted_pad_id={}, bus_type={}, internal_index={}, player_number={}, "
               "is_valid={}",
-              bus_handle_.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle_.bus_type_id, bus_handle_.internal_index,
-              bus_handle_.player_number, bus_handle_.is_valid);
-
-    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle_);
+              bus_handle.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle.bus_type_id, bus_handle.internal_index,
+              bus_handle.player_number, bus_handle.is_valid);
 
-    if (device_index) {
-        const auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
-        const std::vector<u8> data = device->GetReply();
-        const u64 data_size = ctx.WriteBuffer(data);
+    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle);
 
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 4};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        rb.Push<u64>(data_size);
-        return;
-    }
+    R_UNLESS(device_index.has_value(), ResultUnknown);
 
-    LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Invalid handle");
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
-    return;
+    *out_data_size = devices[device_index.value()].device->GetReply(out_buffer_data);
+    R_SUCCEED();
 };
 
-void HidBus::SetEventForSendCommandAsycResult(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto bus_handle_{rp.PopRaw<BusHandle>()};
-
+Result Hidbus::SetEventForSendCommandAsycResult(OutCopyHandle<Kernel::KReadableEvent> out_event,
+                                                BusHandle bus_handle) {
     LOG_INFO(Service_HID,
              "called, abstracted_pad_id={}, bus_type={}, internal_index={}, player_number={}, "
              "is_valid={}",
-             bus_handle_.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle_.bus_type_id, bus_handle_.internal_index,
-             bus_handle_.player_number, bus_handle_.is_valid);
+             bus_handle.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle.bus_type_id, bus_handle.internal_index,
+             bus_handle.player_number, bus_handle.is_valid);
 
-    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle_);
+    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle);
 
-    if (device_index) {
-        const auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 1};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        rb.PushCopyObjects(device->GetSendCommandAsycEvent());
-        return;
-    }
+    R_UNLESS(device_index.has_value(), ResultUnknown);
 
-    LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Invalid handle");
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
-    return;
+    *out_event = &devices[device_index.value()].device->GetSendCommandAsycEvent();
+    R_SUCCEED();
 };
 
-void HidBus::GetSharedMemoryHandle(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
+Result Hidbus::GetSharedMemoryHandle(OutCopyHandle<Kernel::KSharedMemory> out_shared_memory) {
     LOG_DEBUG(Service_HID, "called");
 
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2, 1};
-    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-    rb.PushCopyObjects(&system.Kernel().GetHidBusSharedMem());
+    *out_shared_memory = &system.Kernel().GetHidBusSharedMem();
+    R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-void HidBus::EnableJoyPollingReceiveMode(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto t_mem_size{rp.Pop<u32>()};
-    const auto t_mem_handle{ctx.GetCopyHandle(0)};
-    const auto polling_mode_{rp.PopEnum<JoyPollingMode>()};
-    const auto bus_handle_{rp.PopRaw<BusHandle>()};
-
+Result Hidbus::EnableJoyPollingReceiveMode(u32 t_mem_size, JoyPollingMode polling_mode,
+                                           BusHandle bus_handle,
+                                           InCopyHandle<Kernel::KTransferMemory> t_mem) {
     ASSERT_MSG(t_mem_size == 0x1000, "t_mem_size is not 0x1000 bytes");
-
-    auto t_mem = ctx.GetObjectFromHandle<Kernel::KTransferMemory>(t_mem_handle);
-
-    if (t_mem.IsNull()) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "t_mem is a nullptr for handle=0x{:08X}", t_mem_handle);
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-        rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_MSG(t_mem->GetSize() == 0x1000, "t_mem has incorrect size");
+    ASSERT_MSG(t_mem->GetSize() == t_mem_size, "t_mem has incorrect size");
 
     LOG_INFO(Service_HID,
-             "called, t_mem_handle=0x{:08X}, polling_mode={}, abstracted_pad_id={}, bus_type={}, "
+             "called, polling_mode={}, abstracted_pad_id={}, bus_type={}, "
              "internal_index={}, player_number={}, is_valid={}",
-             t_mem_handle, polling_mode_, bus_handle_.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle_.bus_type_id,
-             bus_handle_.internal_index, bus_handle_.player_number, bus_handle_.is_valid);
+             polling_mode, bus_handle.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle.bus_type_id,
+             bus_handle.internal_index, bus_handle.player_number, bus_handle.is_valid);
 
-    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle_);
+    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle);
 
-    if (device_index) {
-        auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
-        device->SetPollingMode(polling_mode_);
-        device->SetTransferMemoryAddress(t_mem->GetSourceAddress());
+    R_UNLESS(device_index.has_value(), ResultUnknown);
 
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Invalid handle");
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
-    return;
+    auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
+    device->SetPollingMode(polling_mode);
+    device->SetTransferMemoryAddress(t_mem->GetSourceAddress());
+    R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-void HidBus::DisableJoyPollingReceiveMode(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto bus_handle_{rp.PopRaw<BusHandle>()};
-
+Result Hidbus::DisableJoyPollingReceiveMode(BusHandle bus_handle) {
     LOG_INFO(Service_HID,
              "called, abstracted_pad_id={}, bus_type={}, internal_index={}, player_number={}, "
              "is_valid={}",
-             bus_handle_.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle_.bus_type_id, bus_handle_.internal_index,
-             bus_handle_.player_number, bus_handle_.is_valid);
+             bus_handle.abstracted_pad_id, bus_handle.bus_type_id, bus_handle.internal_index,
+             bus_handle.player_number, bus_handle.is_valid);
 
-    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle_);
+    const auto device_index = GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(bus_handle);
 
-    if (device_index) {
-        auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
-        device->DisablePollingMode();
-
-        IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-        rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
-        return;
-    }
+    R_UNLESS(device_index.has_value(), ResultUnknown);
 
-    LOG_ERROR(Service_HID, "Invalid handle");
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultUnknown);
-    return;
+    auto& device = devices[device_index.value()].device;
+    device->DisablePollingMode();
+    R_SUCCEED();
 }
 
-void HidBus::SetStatusManagerType(HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
-    const auto manager_type{rp.PopEnum<StatusManagerType>()};
-
+Result Hidbus::SetStatusManagerType(StatusManagerType manager_type) {
     LOG_WARNING(Service_HID, "(STUBBED) called, manager_type={}", manager_type);
-
-    IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
-    rb.Push(ResultSuccess);
+    R_SUCCEED();
 };
+
 } // namespace Service::HID
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/hid/hidbus.h b/src/core/hle/service/hid/hidbus.h
index 03d9f6863..af4d95667 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/hid/hidbus.h
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/hid/hidbus.h
@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@
 
 #include <functional>
 
+#include "core/hle/service/cmif_types.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/kernel_helpers.h"
 #include "core/hle/service/service.h"
+#include "hid_core/hid_types.h"
 #include "hid_core/hidbus/hidbus_base.h"
 
 namespace Core::Timing {
@@ -19,10 +21,10 @@ class System;
 
 namespace Service::HID {
 
-class HidBus final : public ServiceFramework<HidBus> {
+class Hidbus final : public ServiceFramework<Hidbus> {
 public:
-    explicit HidBus(Core::System& system_);
-    ~HidBus() override;
+    explicit Hidbus(Core::System& system_);
+    ~Hidbus() override;
 
 private:
     static const std::size_t max_number_of_handles = 0x13;
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ private:
     };
 
     // This is nn::hidbus::BusType
-    enum class BusType : u32 {
+    enum class BusType : u64 {
         LeftJoyRail,
         RightJoyRail,
         InternalBus, // Lark microphone
@@ -51,11 +53,15 @@ private:
 
     // This is nn::hidbus::BusHandle
     struct BusHandle {
-        u32 abstracted_pad_id;
-        u8 internal_index;
-        u8 player_number;
-        u8 bus_type_id;
-        bool is_valid;
+        union {
+            u64 raw{};
+
+            BitField<0, 32, u64> abstracted_pad_id;
+            BitField<32, 8, u64> internal_index;
+            BitField<40, 8, u64> player_number;
+            BitField<48, 8, u64> bus_type_id;
+            BitField<56, 1, u64> is_valid;
+        };
     };
     static_assert(sizeof(BusHandle) == 0x8, "BusHandle is an invalid size");
 
@@ -94,19 +100,38 @@ private:
         std::unique_ptr<HidbusBase> device{nullptr};
     };
 
-    void GetBusHandle(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void IsExternalDeviceConnected(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void Initialize(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void Finalize(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void EnableExternalDevice(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void GetExternalDeviceId(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void SendCommandAsync(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void GetSendCommandAsynceResult(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void SetEventForSendCommandAsycResult(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void GetSharedMemoryHandle(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void EnableJoyPollingReceiveMode(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void DisableJoyPollingReceiveMode(HLERequestContext& ctx);
-    void SetStatusManagerType(HLERequestContext& ctx);
+    Result GetBusHandle(Out<bool> out_is_valid, Out<BusHandle> out_bus_handle,
+                        Core::HID::NpadIdType npad_id, BusType bus_type,
+                        AppletResourceUserId aruid);
+
+    Result IsExternalDeviceConnected(Out<bool> out_is_connected, BusHandle bus_handle);
+
+    Result Initialize(BusHandle bus_handle, AppletResourceUserId aruid);
+
+    Result Finalize(BusHandle bus_handle, AppletResourceUserId aruid);
+
+    Result EnableExternalDevice(bool is_enabled, BusHandle bus_handle, u64 inval,
+                                AppletResourceUserId aruid);
+
+    Result GetExternalDeviceId(Out<u32> out_device_id, BusHandle bus_handle);
+
+    Result SendCommandAsync(BusHandle bus_handle, InBuffer<BufferAttr_HipcAutoSelect> buffer_data);
+
+    Result GetSendCommandAsynceResult(Out<u64> out_data_size, BusHandle bus_handle,
+                                      OutBuffer<BufferAttr_HipcAutoSelect> out_buffer_data);
+
+    Result SetEventForSendCommandAsycResult(OutCopyHandle<Kernel::KReadableEvent> out_event,
+                                            BusHandle bus_handle);
+
+    Result GetSharedMemoryHandle(OutCopyHandle<Kernel::KSharedMemory> out_shared_memory);
+
+    Result EnableJoyPollingReceiveMode(u32 t_mem_size, JoyPollingMode polling_mode,
+                                       BusHandle bus_handle,
+                                       InCopyHandle<Kernel::KTransferMemory> t_mem);
+
+    Result DisableJoyPollingReceiveMode(BusHandle bus_handle);
+
+    Result SetStatusManagerType(StatusManagerType manager_type);
 
     void UpdateHidbus(std::chrono::nanoseconds ns_late);
     std::optional<std::size_t> GetDeviceIndexFromHandle(BusHandle handle) const;
diff --git a/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/heap_mapper.cpp b/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/heap_mapper.cpp
index 096dc5deb..af17e3e85 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/heap_mapper.cpp
+++ b/src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/heap_mapper.cpp
@@ -3,110 +3,21 @@
 
 #include <mutex>
 
-#include <boost/container/small_vector.hpp>
-#define BOOST_NO_MT
-#include <boost/pool/detail/mutex.hpp>
-#undef BOOST_NO_MT
-#include <boost/icl/interval.hpp>
-#include <boost/icl/interval_base_set.hpp>
-#include <boost/icl/interval_set.hpp>
-#include <boost/icl/split_interval_map.hpp>
-#include <boost/pool/pool.hpp>
-#include <boost/pool/pool_alloc.hpp>
-#include <boost/pool/poolfwd.hpp>
-
+#include "common/range_sets.h"
+#include "common/range_sets.inc"
 #include "core/hle/service/nvdrv/core/heap_mapper.h"
 #include "video_core/host1x/host1x.h"
 
-namespace boost {
-template <typename T>
-class fast_pool_allocator<T, default_user_allocator_new_delete, details::pool::null_mutex, 4096, 0>;
-}
-
 namespace Service::Nvidia::NvCore {
 
-using IntervalCompare = std::less<DAddr>;
-using IntervalInstance = boost::icl::interval_type_default<DAddr, std::less>;
-using IntervalAllocator = boost::fast_pool_allocator<DAddr>;
-using IntervalSet = boost::icl::interval_set<DAddr>;
-using IntervalType = typename IntervalSet::interval_type;
-
-template <typename Type>
-struct counter_add_functor : public boost::icl::identity_based_inplace_combine<Type> {
-    // types
-    typedef counter_add_functor<Type> type;
-    typedef boost::icl::identity_based_inplace_combine<Type> base_type;
-
-    // public member functions
-    void operator()(Type& current, const Type& added) const {
-        current += added;
-        if (current < base_type::identity_element()) {
-            current = base_type::identity_element();
-        }
-    }
-
-    // public static functions
-    static void version(Type&){};
-};
-
-using OverlapCombine = counter_add_functor<int>;
-using OverlapSection = boost::icl::inter_section<int>;
-using OverlapCounter = boost::icl::split_interval_map<DAddr, int>;
-
 struct HeapMapper::HeapMapperInternal {
-    HeapMapperInternal(Tegra::Host1x::Host1x& host1x) : device_memory{host1x.MemoryManager()} {}
+    HeapMapperInternal(Tegra::Host1x::Host1x& host1x) : m_device_memory{host1x.MemoryManager()} {}
     ~HeapMapperInternal() = default;
 
-    template <typename Func>
-    void ForEachInOverlapCounter(OverlapCounter& current_range, VAddr cpu_addr, u64 size,
-                                 Func&& func) {
-        const DAddr start_address = cpu_addr;
-        const DAddr end_address = start_address + size;
-        const IntervalType search_interval{start_address, end_address};
-        auto it = current_range.lower_bound(search_interval);
-        if (it == current_range.end()) {
-            return;
-        }
-        auto end_it = current_range.upper_bound(search_interval);
-        for (; it != end_it; it++) {
-            auto& inter = it->first;
-            DAddr inter_addr_end = inter.upper();
-            DAddr inter_addr = inter.lower();
-            if (inter_addr_end > end_address) {
-                inter_addr_end = end_address;
-            }
-            if (inter_addr < start_address) {
-                inter_addr = start_address;
-            }
-            func(inter_addr, inter_addr_end, it->second);
-        }
-    }
-
-    void RemoveEachInOverlapCounter(OverlapCounter& current_range,
-                                    const IntervalType search_interval, int subtract_value) {
-        bool any_removals = false;
-        current_range.add(std::make_pair(search_interval, subtract_value));
-        do {
-            any_removals = false;
-            auto it = current_range.lower_bound(search_interval);
-            if (it == current_range.end()) {
-                return;
-            }
-            auto end_it = current_range.upper_bound(search_interval);
-            for (; it != end_it; it++) {
-                if (it->second <= 0) {
-                    any_removals = true;
-                    current_range.erase(it);
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        } while (any_removals);
-    }
-
-    IntervalSet base_set;
-    OverlapCounter mapping_overlaps;
-    Tegra::MaxwellDeviceMemoryManager& device_memory;
-    std::mutex guard;
+    Common::RangeSet<VAddr> m_temporary_set;
+    Common::OverlapRangeSet<VAddr> m_mapped_ranges;
+    Tegra::MaxwellDeviceMemoryManager& m_device_memory;
+    std::mutex m_guard;
 };
 
 HeapMapper::HeapMapper(VAddr start_vaddress, DAddr start_daddress, size_t size, Core::Asid asid,
@@ -116,60 +27,48 @@ HeapMapper::HeapMapper(VAddr start_vaddress, DAddr start_daddress, size_t size,
 }
 
 HeapMapper::~HeapMapper() {
-    m_internal->device_memory.Unmap(m_daddress, m_size);
+    // Unmap whatever has been mapped.
+    m_internal->m_mapped_ranges.ForEach([this](VAddr start_addr, VAddr end_addr, s32 count) {
+        const size_t sub_size = end_addr - start_addr;
+        const size_t offset = start_addr - m_vaddress;
+        m_internal->m_device_memory.Unmap(m_daddress + offset, sub_size);
+    });
 }
 
 DAddr HeapMapper::Map(VAddr start, size_t size) {
-    std::scoped_lock lk(m_internal->guard);
-    m_internal->base_set.clear();
-    const IntervalType interval{start, start + size};
-    m_internal->base_set.insert(interval);
-    m_internal->ForEachInOverlapCounter(m_internal->mapping_overlaps, start, size,
-                                        [this](VAddr start_addr, VAddr end_addr, int) {
-                                            const IntervalType other{start_addr, end_addr};
-                                            m_internal->base_set.subtract(other);
-                                        });
-    if (!m_internal->base_set.empty()) {
-        auto it = m_internal->base_set.begin();
-        auto end_it = m_internal->base_set.end();
-        for (; it != end_it; it++) {
-            const VAddr inter_addr_end = it->upper();
-            const VAddr inter_addr = it->lower();
-            const size_t offset = inter_addr - m_vaddress;
-            const size_t sub_size = inter_addr_end - inter_addr;
-            m_internal->device_memory.Map(m_daddress + offset, m_vaddress + offset, sub_size,
-                                          m_asid);
-        }
-    }
-    m_internal->mapping_overlaps += std::make_pair(interval, 1);
-    m_internal->base_set.clear();
-    return m_daddress + (start - m_vaddress);
+    std::scoped_lock lk(m_internal->m_guard);
+    // Add the mapping range to a temporary range set.
+    m_internal->m_temporary_set.Clear();
+    m_internal->m_temporary_set.Add(start, size);
+
+    // Remove anything that's already mapped from the temporary range set.
+    m_internal->m_mapped_ranges.ForEachInRange(
+        start, size, [this](VAddr start_addr, VAddr end_addr, s32) {
+            m_internal->m_temporary_set.Subtract(start_addr, end_addr - start_addr);
+        });
+
+    // Map anything that has not been mapped yet.
+    m_internal->m_temporary_set.ForEach([this](VAddr start_addr, VAddr end_addr) {
+        const size_t sub_size = end_addr - start_addr;
+        const size_t offset = start_addr - m_vaddress;
+        m_internal->m_device_memory.Map(m_daddress + offset, m_vaddress + offset, sub_size, m_asid);
+    });
+
+    // Add the mapping range to the split map, to register the map and overlaps.
+    m_internal->m_mapped_ranges.Add(start, size);
+    m_internal->m_temporary_set.Clear();
+    return m_daddress + static_cast<DAddr>(start - m_vaddress);
 }
 
 void HeapMapper::Unmap(VAddr start, size_t size) {
-    std::scoped_lock lk(m_internal->guard);
-    m_internal->base_set.clear();
-    m_internal->ForEachInOverlapCounter(m_internal->mapping_overlaps, start, size,
-                                        [this](VAddr start_addr, VAddr end_addr, int value) {
-                                            if (value <= 1) {
-                                                const IntervalType other{start_addr, end_addr};
-                                                m_internal->base_set.insert(other);
-                                            }
-                                        });
-    if (!m_internal->base_set.empty()) {
-        auto it = m_internal->base_set.begin();
-        auto end_it = m_internal->base_set.end();
-        for (; it != end_it; it++) {
-            const VAddr inter_addr_end = it->upper();
-            const VAddr inter_addr = it->lower();
-            const size_t offset = inter_addr - m_vaddress;
-            const size_t sub_size = inter_addr_end - inter_addr;
-            m_internal->device_memory.Unmap(m_daddress + offset, sub_size);
-        }
-    }
-    const IntervalType to_remove{start, start + size};
-    m_internal->RemoveEachInOverlapCounter(m_internal->mapping_overlaps, to_remove, -1);
-    m_internal->base_set.clear();
+    std::scoped_lock lk(m_internal->m_guard);
+
+    // Just subtract the range and whatever is deleted, unmap it.
+    m_internal->m_mapped_ranges.Subtract(start, size, [this](VAddr start_addr, VAddr end_addr) {
+        const size_t sub_size = end_addr - start_addr;
+        const size_t offset = start_addr - m_vaddress;
+        m_internal->m_device_memory.Unmap(m_daddress + offset, sub_size);
+    });
 }
 
 } // namespace Service::Nvidia::NvCore
diff --git a/src/core/memory/cheat_engine.cpp b/src/core/memory/cheat_engine.cpp
index 14d1a3840..470521f44 100644
--- a/src/core/memory/cheat_engine.cpp
+++ b/src/core/memory/cheat_engine.cpp
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "common/hex_util.h"
 #include "common/microprofile.h"
 #include "common/swap.h"
+#include "core/arm/debug.h"
 #include "core/core.h"
 #include "core/core_timing.h"
 #include "core/hle/kernel/k_page_table.h"
@@ -63,7 +64,9 @@ void StandardVmCallbacks::MemoryWriteUnsafe(VAddr address, const void* data, u64
         return;
     }
 
-    system.ApplicationMemory().WriteBlock(address, data, size);
+    if (system.ApplicationMemory().WriteBlock(address, data, size)) {
+        Core::InvalidateInstructionCacheRange(system.ApplicationProcess(), address, size);
+    }
 }
 
 u64 StandardVmCallbacks::HidKeysDown() {
diff --git a/src/hid_core/hidbus/hidbus_base.h b/src/hid_core/hidbus/hidbus_base.h
index ec41684e1..c948606e4 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/hidbus/hidbus_base.h
+++ b/src/hid_core/hidbus/hidbus_base.h
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ public:
     }
 
     // Returns a reply from a command
-    virtual std::vector<u8> GetReply() const {
+    virtual u64 GetReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
         return {};
     }
 
diff --git a/src/hid_core/hidbus/ringcon.cpp b/src/hid_core/hidbus/ringcon.cpp
index cedf25c16..4f5eaa505 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/hidbus/ringcon.cpp
+++ b/src/hid_core/hidbus/ringcon.cpp
@@ -90,32 +90,32 @@ u8 RingController::GetDeviceId() const {
     return device_id;
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetReply() const {
+u64 RingController::GetReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     const RingConCommands current_command = command;
 
     switch (current_command) {
     case RingConCommands::GetFirmwareVersion:
-        return GetFirmwareVersionReply();
+        return GetFirmwareVersionReply(out_data);
     case RingConCommands::ReadId:
-        return GetReadIdReply();
+        return GetReadIdReply(out_data);
     case RingConCommands::c20105:
-        return GetC020105Reply();
+        return GetC020105Reply(out_data);
     case RingConCommands::ReadUnkCal:
-        return GetReadUnkCalReply();
+        return GetReadUnkCalReply(out_data);
     case RingConCommands::ReadFactoryCal:
-        return GetReadFactoryCalReply();
+        return GetReadFactoryCalReply(out_data);
     case RingConCommands::ReadUserCal:
-        return GetReadUserCalReply();
+        return GetReadUserCalReply(out_data);
     case RingConCommands::ReadRepCount:
-        return GetReadRepCountReply();
+        return GetReadRepCountReply(out_data);
     case RingConCommands::ReadTotalPushCount:
-        return GetReadTotalPushCountReply();
+        return GetReadTotalPushCountReply(out_data);
     case RingConCommands::ResetRepCount:
-        return GetResetRepCountReply();
+        return GetResetRepCountReply(out_data);
     case RingConCommands::SaveCalData:
-        return GetSaveDataReply();
+        return GetSaveDataReply(out_data);
     default:
-        return GetErrorReply();
+        return GetErrorReply(out_data);
     }
 }
 
@@ -163,16 +163,16 @@ bool RingController::SetCommand(std::span<const u8> data) {
     }
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetFirmwareVersionReply() const {
+u64 RingController::GetFirmwareVersionReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     const FirmwareVersionReply reply{
         .status = DataValid::Valid,
         .firmware = version,
     };
 
-    return GetDataVector(reply);
+    return GetData(reply, out_data);
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetReadIdReply() const {
+u64 RingController::GetReadIdReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     // The values are hardcoded from a real joycon
     const ReadIdReply reply{
         .status = DataValid::Valid,
@@ -184,83 +184,83 @@ std::vector<u8> RingController::GetReadIdReply() const {
         .id_h_x4 = 8245,
     };
 
-    return GetDataVector(reply);
+    return GetData(reply, out_data);
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetC020105Reply() const {
+u64 RingController::GetC020105Reply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     const Cmd020105Reply reply{
         .status = DataValid::Valid,
         .data = 1,
     };
 
-    return GetDataVector(reply);
+    return GetData(reply, out_data);
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetReadUnkCalReply() const {
+u64 RingController::GetReadUnkCalReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     const ReadUnkCalReply reply{
         .status = DataValid::Valid,
         .data = 0,
     };
 
-    return GetDataVector(reply);
+    return GetData(reply, out_data);
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetReadFactoryCalReply() const {
+u64 RingController::GetReadFactoryCalReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     const ReadFactoryCalReply reply{
         .status = DataValid::Valid,
         .calibration = factory_calibration,
     };
 
-    return GetDataVector(reply);
+    return GetData(reply, out_data);
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetReadUserCalReply() const {
+u64 RingController::GetReadUserCalReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     const ReadUserCalReply reply{
         .status = DataValid::Valid,
         .calibration = user_calibration,
     };
 
-    return GetDataVector(reply);
+    return GetData(reply, out_data);
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetReadRepCountReply() const {
+u64 RingController::GetReadRepCountReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     const GetThreeByteReply reply{
         .status = DataValid::Valid,
         .data = {total_rep_count, 0, 0},
         .crc = GetCrcValue({total_rep_count, 0, 0, 0}),
     };
 
-    return GetDataVector(reply);
+    return GetData(reply, out_data);
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetReadTotalPushCountReply() const {
+u64 RingController::GetReadTotalPushCountReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     const GetThreeByteReply reply{
         .status = DataValid::Valid,
         .data = {total_push_count, 0, 0},
         .crc = GetCrcValue({total_push_count, 0, 0, 0}),
     };
 
-    return GetDataVector(reply);
+    return GetData(reply, out_data);
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetResetRepCountReply() const {
-    return GetReadRepCountReply();
+u64 RingController::GetResetRepCountReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
+    return GetReadRepCountReply(out_data);
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetSaveDataReply() const {
+u64 RingController::GetSaveDataReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     const StatusReply reply{
         .status = DataValid::Valid,
     };
 
-    return GetDataVector(reply);
+    return GetData(reply, out_data);
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetErrorReply() const {
+u64 RingController::GetErrorReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     const ErrorReply reply{
         .status = DataValid::BadCRC,
     };
 
-    return GetDataVector(reply);
+    return GetData(reply, out_data);
 }
 
 u8 RingController::GetCrcValue(const std::vector<u8>& data) const {
@@ -281,12 +281,11 @@ u8 RingController::GetCrcValue(const std::vector<u8>& data) const {
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-std::vector<u8> RingController::GetDataVector(const T& reply) const {
+u64 RingController::GetData(const T& reply, std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>);
-    std::vector<u8> data;
-    data.resize(sizeof(reply));
-    std::memcpy(data.data(), &reply, sizeof(reply));
-    return data;
+    const auto data_size = static_cast<u64>(std::min(sizeof(reply), out_data.size()));
+    std::memcpy(out_data.data(), &reply, data_size);
+    return data_size;
 }
 
 } // namespace Service::HID
diff --git a/src/hid_core/hidbus/ringcon.h b/src/hid_core/hidbus/ringcon.h
index 0953e8100..a48eeed45 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/hidbus/ringcon.h
+++ b/src/hid_core/hidbus/ringcon.h
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public:
     bool SetCommand(std::span<const u8> data) override;
 
     // Returns a reply from a command
-    std::vector<u8> GetReply() const override;
+    u64 GetReply(std::span<u8> data) const override;
 
 private:
     // These values are obtained from a real ring controller
@@ -184,44 +184,44 @@ private:
     RingConData GetSensorValue() const;
 
     // Returns 8 byte reply with firmware version
-    std::vector<u8> GetFirmwareVersionReply() const;
+    u64 GetFirmwareVersionReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     // Returns 16 byte reply with ID values
-    std::vector<u8> GetReadIdReply() const;
+    u64 GetReadIdReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     // (STUBBED) Returns 8 byte reply
-    std::vector<u8> GetC020105Reply() const;
+    u64 GetC020105Reply(std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     // (STUBBED) Returns 8 byte empty reply
-    std::vector<u8> GetReadUnkCalReply() const;
+    u64 GetReadUnkCalReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     // Returns 20 byte reply with factory calibration values
-    std::vector<u8> GetReadFactoryCalReply() const;
+    u64 GetReadFactoryCalReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     // Returns 20 byte reply with user calibration values
-    std::vector<u8> GetReadUserCalReply() const;
+    u64 GetReadUserCalReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     // Returns 8 byte reply
-    std::vector<u8> GetReadRepCountReply() const;
+    u64 GetReadRepCountReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     // Returns 8 byte reply
-    std::vector<u8> GetReadTotalPushCountReply() const;
+    u64 GetReadTotalPushCountReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     // Returns 8 byte reply
-    std::vector<u8> GetResetRepCountReply() const;
+    u64 GetResetRepCountReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     // Returns 4 byte save data reply
-    std::vector<u8> GetSaveDataReply() const;
+    u64 GetSaveDataReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     // Returns 8 byte error reply
-    std::vector<u8> GetErrorReply() const;
+    u64 GetErrorReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     // Returns 8 bit redundancy check from provided data
     u8 GetCrcValue(const std::vector<u8>& data) const;
 
     // Converts structs to an u8 vector equivalent
     template <typename T>
-    std::vector<u8> GetDataVector(const T& reply) const;
+    u64 GetData(const T& reply, std::span<u8> out_data) const;
 
     RingConCommands command{RingConCommands::Error};
 
diff --git a/src/hid_core/hidbus/starlink.cpp b/src/hid_core/hidbus/starlink.cpp
index 31b263aa1..1c4df1d8c 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/hidbus/starlink.cpp
+++ b/src/hid_core/hidbus/starlink.cpp
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ u8 Starlink::GetDeviceId() const {
     return DEVICE_ID;
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> Starlink::GetReply() const {
+u64 Starlink::GetReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     return {};
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hid_core/hidbus/starlink.h b/src/hid_core/hidbus/starlink.h
index ee37763b4..695b69748 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/hidbus/starlink.h
+++ b/src/hid_core/hidbus/starlink.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public:
     bool SetCommand(std::span<const u8> data) override;
 
     // Returns a reply from a command
-    std::vector<u8> GetReply() const override;
+    u64 GetReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const override;
 };
 
 } // namespace Service::HID
diff --git a/src/hid_core/hidbus/stubbed.cpp b/src/hid_core/hidbus/stubbed.cpp
index f16051aa9..658922a4f 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/hidbus/stubbed.cpp
+++ b/src/hid_core/hidbus/stubbed.cpp
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ u8 HidbusStubbed::GetDeviceId() const {
     return DEVICE_ID;
 }
 
-std::vector<u8> HidbusStubbed::GetReply() const {
+u64 HidbusStubbed::GetReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const {
     return {};
 }
 
diff --git a/src/hid_core/hidbus/stubbed.h b/src/hid_core/hidbus/stubbed.h
index 7a711cea0..f05280b3a 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/hidbus/stubbed.h
+++ b/src/hid_core/hidbus/stubbed.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public:
     bool SetCommand(std::span<const u8> data) override;
 
     // Returns a reply from a command
-    std::vector<u8> GetReply() const override;
+    u64 GetReply(std::span<u8> out_data) const override;
 };
 
 } // namespace Service::HID
diff --git a/src/hid_core/resource_manager.cpp b/src/hid_core/resource_manager.cpp
index 245da582e..01261ba97 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/resource_manager.cpp
+++ b/src/hid_core/resource_manager.cpp
@@ -314,6 +314,7 @@ void ResourceManager::UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(u64 aruid) {
     std::scoped_lock lock{shared_mutex};
     applet_resource->UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(aruid);
     npad->UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(aruid);
+    // palma->UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(aruid);
 }
 
 Result ResourceManager::GetSharedMemoryHandle(Kernel::KSharedMemory** out_handle, u64 aruid) {
@@ -324,6 +325,7 @@ Result ResourceManager::GetSharedMemoryHandle(Kernel::KSharedMemory** out_handle
 void ResourceManager::FreeAppletResourceId(u64 aruid) {
     std::scoped_lock lock{shared_mutex};
     applet_resource->FreeAppletResourceId(aruid);
+    npad->FreeAppletResourceId(aruid);
 }
 
 void ResourceManager::EnableInput(u64 aruid, bool is_enabled) {
diff --git a/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad.cpp b/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad.cpp
index 053625b55..e10e97e1c 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad.cpp
+++ b/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad.cpp
@@ -117,6 +117,10 @@ Result NPad::ActivateNpadResource(u64 aruid) {
     return npad_resource.Activate(aruid);
 }
 
+void NPad::FreeAppletResourceId(u64 aruid) {
+    return npad_resource.FreeAppletResourceId(aruid);
+}
+
 void NPad::ControllerUpdate(Core::HID::ControllerTriggerType type, std::size_t controller_idx) {
     if (type == Core::HID::ControllerTriggerType::All) {
         ControllerUpdate(Core::HID::ControllerTriggerType::Connected, controller_idx);
diff --git a/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad.h b/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad.h
index c63488346..99e761127 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad.h
+++ b/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad.h
@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ public:
     Result ActivateNpadResource();
     Result ActivateNpadResource(u64 aruid);
 
+    void FreeAppletResourceId(u64 aruid);
+
     // When the controller is requesting an update for the shared memory
     void OnUpdate(const Core::Timing::CoreTiming& core_timing);
 
diff --git a/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad_resource.cpp b/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad_resource.cpp
index 8dd86b58e..79f7d74c0 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad_resource.cpp
+++ b/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad_resource.cpp
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ Result NPadResource::RegisterAppletResourceUserId(u64 aruid) {
 void NPadResource::UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(u64 aruid) {
     const u64 aruid_index = GetIndexFromAruid(aruid);
 
-    DestroyStyleSetUpdateEvents(aruid);
+    FreeAppletResourceId(aruid);
     if (aruid_index < AruidIndexMax) {
         state[aruid_index] = {};
         registration_list.flag[aruid_index] = RegistrationStatus::PendingDelete;
@@ -80,14 +80,18 @@ void NPadResource::UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(u64 aruid) {
     }
 }
 
-void NPadResource::DestroyStyleSetUpdateEvents(u64 aruid) {
+void NPadResource::FreeAppletResourceId(u64 aruid) {
     const u64 aruid_index = GetIndexFromAruid(aruid);
 
     if (aruid_index >= AruidIndexMax) {
         return;
     }
 
-    for (auto& controller_state : state[aruid_index].controller_state) {
+    auto& aruid_data = state[aruid_index];
+
+    aruid_data.flag.is_assigned.Assign(false);
+
+    for (auto& controller_state : aruid_data.controller_state) {
         if (!controller_state.is_styleset_update_event_initialized) {
             continue;
         }
diff --git a/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad_resource.h b/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad_resource.h
index aed89eec6..8ee5702fd 100644
--- a/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad_resource.h
+++ b/src/hid_core/resources/npad/npad_resource.h
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public:
     Result RegisterAppletResourceUserId(u64 aruid);
     void UnregisterAppletResourceUserId(u64 aruid);
 
-    void DestroyStyleSetUpdateEvents(u64 aruid);
+    void FreeAppletResourceId(u64 aruid);
 
     Result Activate(u64 aruid);
     Result Activate();
diff --git a/src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv_image.cpp b/src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv_image.cpp
index 64a4e0e55..44281e407 100644
--- a/src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv_image.cpp
+++ b/src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv_image.cpp
@@ -60,10 +60,11 @@ public:
         Add(spv::ImageOperandsMask::ConstOffsets, offsets);
     }
 
-    explicit ImageOperands(Id lod, Id ms) {
+    explicit ImageOperands(EmitContext& ctx, const IR::Value& offset, Id lod, Id ms) {
         if (Sirit::ValidId(lod)) {
             Add(spv::ImageOperandsMask::Lod, lod);
         }
+        AddOffset(ctx, offset, ImageFetchOffsetAllowed);
         if (Sirit::ValidId(ms)) {
             Add(spv::ImageOperandsMask::Sample, ms);
         }
@@ -311,37 +312,6 @@ Id ImageGatherSubpixelOffset(EmitContext& ctx, const IR::TextureInstInfo& info,
         return coords;
     }
 }
-
-void AddOffsetToCoordinates(EmitContext& ctx, const IR::TextureInstInfo& info, Id& coords,
-                            Id offset) {
-    if (!Sirit::ValidId(offset)) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    Id result_type{};
-    switch (info.type) {
-    case TextureType::Buffer:
-    case TextureType::Color1D:
-    case TextureType::ColorArray1D: {
-        result_type = ctx.U32[1];
-        break;
-    }
-    case TextureType::Color2D:
-    case TextureType::Color2DRect:
-    case TextureType::ColorArray2D: {
-        result_type = ctx.U32[2];
-        break;
-    }
-    case TextureType::Color3D: {
-        result_type = ctx.U32[3];
-        break;
-    }
-    case TextureType::ColorCube:
-    case TextureType::ColorArrayCube:
-        return;
-    }
-    coords = ctx.OpIAdd(result_type, coords, offset);
-}
 } // Anonymous namespace
 
 Id EmitBindlessImageSampleImplicitLod(EmitContext&) {
@@ -524,10 +494,9 @@ Id EmitImageGatherDref(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, const IR::Value& index,
                 operands.Span());
 }
 
-Id EmitImageFetch(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, const IR::Value& index, Id coords, Id offset,
-                  Id lod, Id ms) {
+Id EmitImageFetch(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, const IR::Value& index, Id coords,
+                  const IR::Value& offset, Id lod, Id ms) {
     const auto info{inst->Flags<IR::TextureInstInfo>()};
-    AddOffsetToCoordinates(ctx, info, coords, offset);
     if (info.type == TextureType::Buffer) {
         lod = Id{};
     }
@@ -535,7 +504,7 @@ Id EmitImageFetch(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, const IR::Value& index, Id c
         // This image is multisampled, lod must be implicit
         lod = Id{};
     }
-    const ImageOperands operands(lod, ms);
+    const ImageOperands operands(ctx, offset, lod, ms);
     return Emit(&EmitContext::OpImageSparseFetch, &EmitContext::OpImageFetch, ctx, inst, ctx.F32[4],
                 TextureImage(ctx, info, index), coords, operands.MaskOptional(), operands.Span());
 }
diff --git a/src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv_instructions.h b/src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv_instructions.h
index 5c01b1012..08fcabd58 100644
--- a/src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv_instructions.h
+++ b/src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv_instructions.h
@@ -537,8 +537,8 @@ Id EmitImageGather(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, const IR::Value& index, Id
                    const IR::Value& offset, const IR::Value& offset2);
 Id EmitImageGatherDref(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, const IR::Value& index, Id coords,
                        const IR::Value& offset, const IR::Value& offset2, Id dref);
-Id EmitImageFetch(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, const IR::Value& index, Id coords, Id offset,
-                  Id lod, Id ms);
+Id EmitImageFetch(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, const IR::Value& index, Id coords,
+                  const IR::Value& offset, Id lod, Id ms);
 Id EmitImageQueryDimensions(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, const IR::Value& index, Id lod,
                             const IR::Value& skip_mips);
 Id EmitImageQueryLod(EmitContext& ctx, IR::Inst* inst, const IR::Value& index, Id coords);
diff --git a/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt b/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
index 16c905db9..55180f4b5 100644
--- a/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -274,7 +274,6 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     texture_cache/image_view_info.h
     texture_cache/render_targets.h
     texture_cache/samples_helper.h
-    texture_cache/slot_vector.h
     texture_cache/texture_cache.cpp
     texture_cache/texture_cache.h
     texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h
diff --git a/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h b/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h
index b4bf369d1..6d3d933c5 100644
--- a/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <numeric>
 
+#include "common/range_sets.inc"
 #include "video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache_base.h"
 #include "video_core/guest_memory.h"
 #include "video_core/host1x/gpu_device_memory_manager.h"
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ BufferCache<P>::BufferCache(Tegra::MaxwellDeviceMemoryManager& device_memory_, R
     : runtime{runtime_}, device_memory{device_memory_}, memory_tracker{device_memory} {
     // Ensure the first slot is used for the null buffer
     void(slot_buffers.insert(runtime, NullBufferParams{}));
-    common_ranges.clear();
+    gpu_modified_ranges.Clear();
     inline_buffer_id = NULL_BUFFER_ID;
 
     if (!runtime.CanReportMemoryUsage()) {
@@ -44,6 +45,9 @@ BufferCache<P>::BufferCache(Tegra::MaxwellDeviceMemoryManager& device_memory_, R
 }
 
 template <class P>
+BufferCache<P>::~BufferCache() = default;
+
+template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::RunGarbageCollector() {
     const bool aggressive_gc = total_used_memory >= critical_memory;
     const u64 ticks_to_destroy = aggressive_gc ? 60 : 120;
@@ -96,20 +100,17 @@ void BufferCache<P>::TickFrame() {
     ++frame_tick;
     delayed_destruction_ring.Tick();
 
-    if constexpr (IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS) {
-        for (auto& buffer : async_buffers_death_ring) {
-            runtime.FreeDeferredStagingBuffer(buffer);
-        }
-        async_buffers_death_ring.clear();
+    for (auto& buffer : async_buffers_death_ring) {
+        runtime.FreeDeferredStagingBuffer(buffer);
     }
+    async_buffers_death_ring.clear();
 }
 
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::WriteMemory(DAddr device_addr, u64 size) {
     if (memory_tracker.IsRegionGpuModified(device_addr, size)) {
-        const IntervalType subtract_interval{device_addr, device_addr + size};
-        ClearDownload(subtract_interval);
-        common_ranges.subtract(subtract_interval);
+        ClearDownload(device_addr, size);
+        gpu_modified_ranges.Subtract(device_addr, size);
     }
     memory_tracker.MarkRegionAsCpuModified(device_addr, size);
 }
@@ -174,11 +175,11 @@ void BufferCache<P>::DownloadMemory(DAddr device_addr, u64 size) {
 }
 
 template <class P>
-void BufferCache<P>::ClearDownload(IntervalType subtract_interval) {
-    RemoveEachInOverlapCounter(async_downloads, subtract_interval, -1024);
-    uncommitted_ranges.subtract(subtract_interval);
-    for (auto& interval_set : committed_ranges) {
-        interval_set.subtract(subtract_interval);
+void BufferCache<P>::ClearDownload(DAddr device_addr, u64 size) {
+    async_downloads.DeleteAll(device_addr, size);
+    uncommitted_gpu_modified_ranges.Subtract(device_addr, size);
+    for (auto& interval_set : committed_gpu_modified_ranges) {
+        interval_set.Subtract(device_addr, size);
     }
 }
 
@@ -195,8 +196,7 @@ bool BufferCache<P>::DMACopy(GPUVAddr src_address, GPUVAddr dest_address, u64 am
         return false;
     }
 
-    const IntervalType subtract_interval{*cpu_dest_address, *cpu_dest_address + amount};
-    ClearDownload(subtract_interval);
+    ClearDownload(*cpu_dest_address, amount);
 
     BufferId buffer_a;
     BufferId buffer_b;
@@ -215,21 +215,20 @@ bool BufferCache<P>::DMACopy(GPUVAddr src_address, GPUVAddr dest_address, u64 am
         .size = amount,
     }};
 
-    boost::container::small_vector<IntervalType, 4> tmp_intervals;
+    boost::container::small_vector<std::pair<DAddr, size_t>, 4> tmp_intervals;
     auto mirror = [&](DAddr base_address, DAddr base_address_end) {
         const u64 size = base_address_end - base_address;
         const DAddr diff = base_address - *cpu_src_address;
         const DAddr new_base_address = *cpu_dest_address + diff;
-        const IntervalType add_interval{new_base_address, new_base_address + size};
-        tmp_intervals.push_back(add_interval);
-        uncommitted_ranges.add(add_interval);
+        tmp_intervals.push_back({new_base_address, size});
+        uncommitted_gpu_modified_ranges.Add(new_base_address, size);
     };
-    ForEachInRangeSet(common_ranges, *cpu_src_address, amount, mirror);
+    gpu_modified_ranges.ForEachInRange(*cpu_src_address, amount, mirror);
     // This subtraction in this order is important for overlapping copies.
-    common_ranges.subtract(subtract_interval);
+    gpu_modified_ranges.Subtract(*cpu_dest_address, amount);
     const bool has_new_downloads = tmp_intervals.size() != 0;
-    for (const IntervalType& add_interval : tmp_intervals) {
-        common_ranges.add(add_interval);
+    for (const auto& pair : tmp_intervals) {
+        gpu_modified_ranges.Add(pair.first, pair.second);
     }
     const auto& copy = copies[0];
     src_buffer.MarkUsage(copy.src_offset, copy.size);
@@ -257,9 +256,8 @@ bool BufferCache<P>::DMAClear(GPUVAddr dst_address, u64 amount, u32 value) {
     }
 
     const size_t size = amount * sizeof(u32);
-    const IntervalType subtract_interval{*cpu_dst_address, *cpu_dst_address + size};
-    ClearDownload(subtract_interval);
-    common_ranges.subtract(subtract_interval);
+    ClearDownload(*cpu_dst_address, size);
+    gpu_modified_ranges.Subtract(*cpu_dst_address, size);
 
     const BufferId buffer = FindBuffer(*cpu_dst_address, static_cast<u32>(size));
     Buffer& dest_buffer = slot_buffers[buffer];
@@ -300,11 +298,11 @@ std::pair<typename P::Buffer*, u32> BufferCache<P>::ObtainCPUBuffer(
         MarkWrittenBuffer(buffer_id, device_addr, size);
         break;
     case ObtainBufferOperation::DiscardWrite: {
-        DAddr device_addr_start = Common::AlignDown(device_addr, 64);
-        DAddr device_addr_end = Common::AlignUp(device_addr + size, 64);
-        IntervalType interval{device_addr_start, device_addr_end};
-        ClearDownload(interval);
-        common_ranges.subtract(interval);
+        const DAddr device_addr_start = Common::AlignDown(device_addr, 64);
+        const DAddr device_addr_end = Common::AlignUp(device_addr + size, 64);
+        const size_t new_size = device_addr_end - device_addr_start;
+        ClearDownload(device_addr_start, new_size);
+        gpu_modified_ranges.Subtract(device_addr_start, new_size);
         break;
     }
     default:
@@ -504,46 +502,40 @@ void BufferCache<P>::FlushCachedWrites() {
 
 template <class P>
 bool BufferCache<P>::HasUncommittedFlushes() const noexcept {
-    return !uncommitted_ranges.empty() || !committed_ranges.empty();
+    return !uncommitted_gpu_modified_ranges.Empty() || !committed_gpu_modified_ranges.empty();
 }
 
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::AccumulateFlushes() {
-    if (uncommitted_ranges.empty()) {
+    if (uncommitted_gpu_modified_ranges.Empty()) {
         return;
     }
-    committed_ranges.emplace_back(std::move(uncommitted_ranges));
+    committed_gpu_modified_ranges.emplace_back(std::move(uncommitted_gpu_modified_ranges));
 }
 
 template <class P>
 bool BufferCache<P>::ShouldWaitAsyncFlushes() const noexcept {
-    if constexpr (IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS) {
-        return (!async_buffers.empty() && async_buffers.front().has_value());
-    } else {
-        return false;
-    }
+    return (!async_buffers.empty() && async_buffers.front().has_value());
 }
 
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::CommitAsyncFlushesHigh() {
     AccumulateFlushes();
 
-    if (committed_ranges.empty()) {
-        if constexpr (IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS) {
-            async_buffers.emplace_back(std::optional<Async_Buffer>{});
-        }
+    if (committed_gpu_modified_ranges.empty()) {
+        async_buffers.emplace_back(std::optional<Async_Buffer>{});
         return;
     }
     MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(GPU_DownloadMemory);
 
-    auto it = committed_ranges.begin();
-    while (it != committed_ranges.end()) {
+    auto it = committed_gpu_modified_ranges.begin();
+    while (it != committed_gpu_modified_ranges.end()) {
         auto& current_intervals = *it;
         auto next_it = std::next(it);
-        while (next_it != committed_ranges.end()) {
-            for (auto& interval : *next_it) {
-                current_intervals.subtract(interval);
-            }
+        while (next_it != committed_gpu_modified_ranges.end()) {
+            next_it->ForEach([&current_intervals](DAddr start, DAddr end) {
+                current_intervals.Subtract(start, end - start);
+            });
             next_it++;
         }
         it++;
@@ -552,10 +544,10 @@ void BufferCache<P>::CommitAsyncFlushesHigh() {
     boost::container::small_vector<std::pair<BufferCopy, BufferId>, 16> downloads;
     u64 total_size_bytes = 0;
     u64 largest_copy = 0;
-    for (const IntervalSet& intervals : committed_ranges) {
-        for (auto& interval : intervals) {
-            const std::size_t size = interval.upper() - interval.lower();
-            const DAddr device_addr = interval.lower();
+    for (const Common::RangeSet<DAddr>& range_set : committed_gpu_modified_ranges) {
+        range_set.ForEach([&](DAddr interval_lower, DAddr interval_upper) {
+            const std::size_t size = interval_upper - interval_lower;
+            const DAddr device_addr = interval_lower;
             ForEachBufferInRange(device_addr, size, [&](BufferId buffer_id, Buffer& buffer) {
                 const DAddr buffer_start = buffer.CpuAddr();
                 const DAddr buffer_end = buffer_start + buffer.SizeBytes();
@@ -583,77 +575,35 @@ void BufferCache<P>::CommitAsyncFlushesHigh() {
                             largest_copy = std::max(largest_copy, new_size);
                         };
 
-                        ForEachInRangeSet(common_ranges, device_addr_out, range_size, add_download);
+                        gpu_modified_ranges.ForEachInRange(device_addr_out, range_size,
+                                                           add_download);
                     });
             });
-        }
+        });
     }
-    committed_ranges.clear();
+    committed_gpu_modified_ranges.clear();
     if (downloads.empty()) {
-        if constexpr (IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS) {
-            async_buffers.emplace_back(std::optional<Async_Buffer>{});
-        }
+        async_buffers.emplace_back(std::optional<Async_Buffer>{});
         return;
     }
-    if constexpr (IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS) {
-        auto download_staging = runtime.DownloadStagingBuffer(total_size_bytes, true);
-        boost::container::small_vector<BufferCopy, 4> normalized_copies;
-        IntervalSet new_async_range{};
-        runtime.PreCopyBarrier();
-        for (auto& [copy, buffer_id] : downloads) {
-            copy.dst_offset += download_staging.offset;
-            const std::array copies{copy};
-            BufferCopy second_copy{copy};
-            Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[buffer_id];
-            second_copy.src_offset = static_cast<size_t>(buffer.CpuAddr()) + copy.src_offset;
-            DAddr orig_device_addr = static_cast<DAddr>(second_copy.src_offset);
-            const IntervalType base_interval{orig_device_addr, orig_device_addr + copy.size};
-            async_downloads += std::make_pair(base_interval, 1);
-            buffer.MarkUsage(copy.src_offset, copy.size);
-            runtime.CopyBuffer(download_staging.buffer, buffer, copies, false);
-            normalized_copies.push_back(second_copy);
-        }
-        runtime.PostCopyBarrier();
-        pending_downloads.emplace_back(std::move(normalized_copies));
-        async_buffers.emplace_back(download_staging);
-    } else {
-        if (!Settings::IsGPULevelHigh()) {
-            committed_ranges.clear();
-            uncommitted_ranges.clear();
-        } else {
-            if constexpr (USE_MEMORY_MAPS) {
-                auto download_staging = runtime.DownloadStagingBuffer(total_size_bytes);
-                runtime.PreCopyBarrier();
-                for (auto& [copy, buffer_id] : downloads) {
-                    // Have in mind the staging buffer offset for the copy
-                    copy.dst_offset += download_staging.offset;
-                    const std::array copies{copy};
-                    Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[buffer_id];
-                    buffer.MarkUsage(copy.src_offset, copy.size);
-                    runtime.CopyBuffer(download_staging.buffer, buffer, copies, false);
-                }
-                runtime.PostCopyBarrier();
-                runtime.Finish();
-                for (const auto& [copy, buffer_id] : downloads) {
-                    const Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[buffer_id];
-                    const DAddr device_addr = buffer.CpuAddr() + copy.src_offset;
-                    // Undo the modified offset
-                    const u64 dst_offset = copy.dst_offset - download_staging.offset;
-                    const u8* read_mapped_memory = download_staging.mapped_span.data() + dst_offset;
-                    device_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(device_addr, read_mapped_memory, copy.size);
-                }
-            } else {
-                const std::span<u8> immediate_buffer = ImmediateBuffer(largest_copy);
-                for (const auto& [copy, buffer_id] : downloads) {
-                    Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[buffer_id];
-                    buffer.ImmediateDownload(copy.src_offset,
-                                             immediate_buffer.subspan(0, copy.size));
-                    const DAddr device_addr = buffer.CpuAddr() + copy.src_offset;
-                    device_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(device_addr, immediate_buffer.data(), copy.size);
-                }
-            }
-        }
+    auto download_staging = runtime.DownloadStagingBuffer(total_size_bytes, true);
+    boost::container::small_vector<BufferCopy, 4> normalized_copies;
+    runtime.PreCopyBarrier();
+    for (auto& [copy, buffer_id] : downloads) {
+        copy.dst_offset += download_staging.offset;
+        const std::array copies{copy};
+        BufferCopy second_copy{copy};
+        Buffer& buffer = slot_buffers[buffer_id];
+        second_copy.src_offset = static_cast<size_t>(buffer.CpuAddr()) + copy.src_offset;
+        const DAddr orig_device_addr = static_cast<DAddr>(second_copy.src_offset);
+        async_downloads.Add(orig_device_addr, copy.size);
+        buffer.MarkUsage(copy.src_offset, copy.size);
+        runtime.CopyBuffer(download_staging.buffer, buffer, copies, false);
+        normalized_copies.push_back(second_copy);
     }
+    runtime.PostCopyBarrier();
+    pending_downloads.emplace_back(std::move(normalized_copies));
+    async_buffers.emplace_back(download_staging);
 }
 
 template <class P>
@@ -676,37 +626,31 @@ void BufferCache<P>::PopAsyncBuffers() {
         async_buffers.pop_front();
         return;
     }
-    if constexpr (IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS) {
-        auto& downloads = pending_downloads.front();
-        auto& async_buffer = async_buffers.front();
-        u8* base = async_buffer->mapped_span.data();
-        const size_t base_offset = async_buffer->offset;
-        for (const auto& copy : downloads) {
-            const DAddr device_addr = static_cast<DAddr>(copy.src_offset);
-            const u64 dst_offset = copy.dst_offset - base_offset;
-            const u8* read_mapped_memory = base + dst_offset;
-            ForEachInOverlapCounter(
-                async_downloads, device_addr, copy.size, [&](DAddr start, DAddr end, int count) {
-                    device_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(start, &read_mapped_memory[start - device_addr],
-                                                   end - start);
-                    if (count == 1) {
-                        const IntervalType base_interval{start, end};
-                        common_ranges.subtract(base_interval);
-                    }
-                });
-            const IntervalType subtract_interval{device_addr, device_addr + copy.size};
-            RemoveEachInOverlapCounter(async_downloads, subtract_interval, -1);
-        }
-        async_buffers_death_ring.emplace_back(*async_buffer);
-        async_buffers.pop_front();
-        pending_downloads.pop_front();
+    auto& downloads = pending_downloads.front();
+    auto& async_buffer = async_buffers.front();
+    u8* base = async_buffer->mapped_span.data();
+    const size_t base_offset = async_buffer->offset;
+    for (const auto& copy : downloads) {
+        const DAddr device_addr = static_cast<DAddr>(copy.src_offset);
+        const u64 dst_offset = copy.dst_offset - base_offset;
+        const u8* read_mapped_memory = base + dst_offset;
+        async_downloads.ForEachInRange(device_addr, copy.size, [&](DAddr start, DAddr end, s32) {
+            device_memory.WriteBlockUnsafe(start, &read_mapped_memory[start - device_addr],
+                                           end - start);
+        });
+        async_downloads.Subtract(device_addr, copy.size, [&](DAddr start, DAddr end) {
+            gpu_modified_ranges.Subtract(start, end - start);
+        });
     }
+    async_buffers_death_ring.emplace_back(*async_buffer);
+    async_buffers.pop_front();
+    pending_downloads.pop_front();
 }
 
 template <class P>
 bool BufferCache<P>::IsRegionGpuModified(DAddr addr, size_t size) {
     bool is_dirty = false;
-    ForEachInRangeSet(common_ranges, addr, size, [&](DAddr, DAddr) { is_dirty = true; });
+    gpu_modified_ranges.ForEachInRange(addr, size, [&](DAddr, DAddr) { is_dirty = true; });
     return is_dirty;
 }
 
@@ -1320,10 +1264,8 @@ void BufferCache<P>::UpdateComputeTextureBuffers() {
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::MarkWrittenBuffer(BufferId buffer_id, DAddr device_addr, u32 size) {
     memory_tracker.MarkRegionAsGpuModified(device_addr, size);
-
-    const IntervalType base_interval{device_addr, device_addr + size};
-    common_ranges.add(base_interval);
-    uncommitted_ranges.add(base_interval);
+    gpu_modified_ranges.Add(device_addr, size);
+    uncommitted_gpu_modified_ranges.Add(device_addr, size);
 }
 
 template <class P>
@@ -1600,9 +1542,8 @@ bool BufferCache<P>::InlineMemory(DAddr dest_address, size_t copy_size,
 template <class P>
 void BufferCache<P>::InlineMemoryImplementation(DAddr dest_address, size_t copy_size,
                                                 std::span<const u8> inlined_buffer) {
-    const IntervalType subtract_interval{dest_address, dest_address + copy_size};
-    ClearDownload(subtract_interval);
-    common_ranges.subtract(subtract_interval);
+    ClearDownload(dest_address, copy_size);
+    gpu_modified_ranges.Subtract(dest_address, copy_size);
 
     BufferId buffer_id = FindBuffer(dest_address, static_cast<u32>(copy_size));
     auto& buffer = slot_buffers[buffer_id];
@@ -1652,12 +1593,9 @@ void BufferCache<P>::DownloadBufferMemory(Buffer& buffer, DAddr device_addr, u64
                 largest_copy = std::max(largest_copy, new_size);
             };
 
-            const DAddr start_address = device_addr_out;
-            const DAddr end_address = start_address + range_size;
-            ForEachInRangeSet(common_ranges, start_address, range_size, add_download);
-            const IntervalType subtract_interval{start_address, end_address};
-            ClearDownload(subtract_interval);
-            common_ranges.subtract(subtract_interval);
+            gpu_modified_ranges.ForEachInRange(device_addr_out, range_size, add_download);
+            ClearDownload(device_addr_out, range_size);
+            gpu_modified_ranges.Subtract(device_addr_out, range_size);
         });
     if (total_size_bytes == 0) {
         return;
diff --git a/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache_base.h b/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache_base.h
index 80dbb81e7..240e9f015 100644
--- a/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache_base.h
+++ b/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache_base.h
@@ -13,25 +13,15 @@
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <boost/container/small_vector.hpp>
-#define BOOST_NO_MT
-#include <boost/pool/detail/mutex.hpp>
-#undef BOOST_NO_MT
-#include <boost/icl/interval.hpp>
-#include <boost/icl/interval_base_set.hpp>
-#include <boost/icl/interval_set.hpp>
-#include <boost/icl/split_interval_map.hpp>
-#include <boost/pool/pool.hpp>
-#include <boost/pool/pool_alloc.hpp>
-#include <boost/pool/poolfwd.hpp>
-
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/div_ceil.h"
 #include "common/literals.h"
 #include "common/lru_cache.h"
 #include "common/microprofile.h"
+#include "common/range_sets.h"
 #include "common/scope_exit.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
+#include "common/slot_vector.h"
 #include "video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_base.h"
 #include "video_core/control/channel_state_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/delayed_destruction_ring.h"
@@ -41,21 +31,15 @@
 #include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
 #include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
 #include "video_core/surface.h"
-#include "video_core/texture_cache/slot_vector.h"
 #include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
 
-namespace boost {
-template <typename T>
-class fast_pool_allocator<T, default_user_allocator_new_delete, details::pool::null_mutex, 4096, 0>;
-}
-
 namespace VideoCommon {
 
 MICROPROFILE_DECLARE(GPU_PrepareBuffers);
 MICROPROFILE_DECLARE(GPU_BindUploadBuffers);
 MICROPROFILE_DECLARE(GPU_DownloadMemory);
 
-using BufferId = SlotId;
+using BufferId = Common::SlotId;
 
 using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
 using namespace Common::Literals;
@@ -184,7 +168,6 @@ class BufferCache : public VideoCommon::ChannelSetupCaches<BufferCacheChannelInf
     static constexpr bool NEEDS_BIND_STORAGE_INDEX = P::NEEDS_BIND_STORAGE_INDEX;
     static constexpr bool USE_MEMORY_MAPS = P::USE_MEMORY_MAPS;
     static constexpr bool SEPARATE_IMAGE_BUFFERS_BINDINGS = P::SEPARATE_IMAGE_BUFFER_BINDINGS;
-    static constexpr bool IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS = P::IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS;
     static constexpr bool USE_MEMORY_MAPS_FOR_UPLOADS = P::USE_MEMORY_MAPS_FOR_UPLOADS;
 
     static constexpr s64 DEFAULT_EXPECTED_MEMORY = 512_MiB;
@@ -202,34 +185,6 @@ class BufferCache : public VideoCommon::ChannelSetupCaches<BufferCacheChannelInf
     using Async_Buffer = typename P::Async_Buffer;
     using MemoryTracker = typename P::MemoryTracker;
 
-    using IntervalCompare = std::less<DAddr>;
-    using IntervalInstance = boost::icl::interval_type_default<DAddr, std::less>;
-    using IntervalAllocator = boost::fast_pool_allocator<DAddr>;
-    using IntervalSet = boost::icl::interval_set<DAddr>;
-    using IntervalType = typename IntervalSet::interval_type;
-
-    template <typename Type>
-    struct counter_add_functor : public boost::icl::identity_based_inplace_combine<Type> {
-        // types
-        typedef counter_add_functor<Type> type;
-        typedef boost::icl::identity_based_inplace_combine<Type> base_type;
-
-        // public member functions
-        void operator()(Type& current, const Type& added) const {
-            current += added;
-            if (current < base_type::identity_element()) {
-                current = base_type::identity_element();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // public static functions
-        static void version(Type&){};
-    };
-
-    using OverlapCombine = counter_add_functor<int>;
-    using OverlapSection = boost::icl::inter_section<int>;
-    using OverlapCounter = boost::icl::split_interval_map<DAddr, int>;
-
     struct OverlapResult {
         boost::container::small_vector<BufferId, 16> ids;
         DAddr begin;
@@ -240,6 +195,8 @@ class BufferCache : public VideoCommon::ChannelSetupCaches<BufferCacheChannelInf
 public:
     explicit BufferCache(Tegra::MaxwellDeviceMemoryManager& device_memory_, Runtime& runtime_);
 
+    ~BufferCache();
+
     void TickFrame();
 
     void WriteMemory(DAddr device_addr, u64 size);
@@ -379,75 +336,6 @@ private:
         }
     }
 
-    template <typename Func>
-    void ForEachInRangeSet(IntervalSet& current_range, DAddr device_addr, u64 size, Func&& func) {
-        const DAddr start_address = device_addr;
-        const DAddr end_address = start_address + size;
-        const IntervalType search_interval{start_address, end_address};
-        auto it = current_range.lower_bound(search_interval);
-        if (it == current_range.end()) {
-            return;
-        }
-        auto end_it = current_range.upper_bound(search_interval);
-        for (; it != end_it; it++) {
-            DAddr inter_addr_end = it->upper();
-            DAddr inter_addr = it->lower();
-            if (inter_addr_end > end_address) {
-                inter_addr_end = end_address;
-            }
-            if (inter_addr < start_address) {
-                inter_addr = start_address;
-            }
-            func(inter_addr, inter_addr_end);
-        }
-    }
-
-    template <typename Func>
-    void ForEachInOverlapCounter(OverlapCounter& current_range, DAddr device_addr, u64 size,
-                                 Func&& func) {
-        const DAddr start_address = device_addr;
-        const DAddr end_address = start_address + size;
-        const IntervalType search_interval{start_address, end_address};
-        auto it = current_range.lower_bound(search_interval);
-        if (it == current_range.end()) {
-            return;
-        }
-        auto end_it = current_range.upper_bound(search_interval);
-        for (; it != end_it; it++) {
-            auto& inter = it->first;
-            DAddr inter_addr_end = inter.upper();
-            DAddr inter_addr = inter.lower();
-            if (inter_addr_end > end_address) {
-                inter_addr_end = end_address;
-            }
-            if (inter_addr < start_address) {
-                inter_addr = start_address;
-            }
-            func(inter_addr, inter_addr_end, it->second);
-        }
-    }
-
-    void RemoveEachInOverlapCounter(OverlapCounter& current_range,
-                                    const IntervalType search_interval, int subtract_value) {
-        bool any_removals = false;
-        current_range.add(std::make_pair(search_interval, subtract_value));
-        do {
-            any_removals = false;
-            auto it = current_range.lower_bound(search_interval);
-            if (it == current_range.end()) {
-                return;
-            }
-            auto end_it = current_range.upper_bound(search_interval);
-            for (; it != end_it; it++) {
-                if (it->second <= 0) {
-                    any_removals = true;
-                    current_range.erase(it);
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        } while (any_removals);
-    }
-
     static bool IsRangeGranular(DAddr device_addr, size_t size) {
         return (device_addr & ~Core::DEVICE_PAGEMASK) ==
                ((device_addr + size) & ~Core::DEVICE_PAGEMASK);
@@ -552,14 +440,14 @@ private:
 
     [[nodiscard]] bool HasFastUniformBufferBound(size_t stage, u32 binding_index) const noexcept;
 
-    void ClearDownload(IntervalType subtract_interval);
+    void ClearDownload(DAddr base_addr, u64 size);
 
     void InlineMemoryImplementation(DAddr dest_address, size_t copy_size,
                                     std::span<const u8> inlined_buffer);
 
     Tegra::MaxwellDeviceMemoryManager& device_memory;
 
-    SlotVector<Buffer> slot_buffers;
+    Common::SlotVector<Buffer> slot_buffers;
     DelayedDestructionRing<Buffer, 8> delayed_destruction_ring;
 
     const Tegra::Engines::DrawManager::IndirectParams* current_draw_indirect{};
@@ -567,13 +455,12 @@ private:
     u32 last_index_count = 0;
 
     MemoryTracker memory_tracker;
-    IntervalSet uncommitted_ranges;
-    IntervalSet common_ranges;
-    IntervalSet cached_ranges;
-    std::deque<IntervalSet> committed_ranges;
+    Common::RangeSet<DAddr> uncommitted_gpu_modified_ranges;
+    Common::RangeSet<DAddr> gpu_modified_ranges;
+    std::deque<Common::RangeSet<DAddr>> committed_gpu_modified_ranges;
 
     // Async Buffers
-    OverlapCounter async_downloads;
+    Common::OverlapRangeSet<DAddr> async_downloads;
     std::deque<std::optional<Async_Buffer>> async_buffers;
     std::deque<boost::container::small_vector<BufferCopy, 4>> pending_downloads;
     std::optional<Async_Buffer> current_buffer;
diff --git a/src/video_core/query_cache.h b/src/video_core/query_cache.h
index 4861b123a..e1019f228 100644
--- a/src/video_core/query_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/query_cache.h
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@
 
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
+#include "common/slot_vector.h"
 #include "video_core/control/channel_state_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
 #include "video_core/host1x/gpu_device_memory_manager.h"
 #include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
 #include "video_core/rasterizer_interface.h"
-#include "video_core/texture_cache/slot_vector.h"
 
 namespace VideoCore {
 enum class QueryType {
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ constexpr std::size_t NumQueryTypes = static_cast<size_t>(QueryType::Count);
 
 namespace VideoCommon {
 
-using AsyncJobId = SlotId;
+using AsyncJobId = Common::SlotId;
 
 static constexpr AsyncJobId NULL_ASYNC_JOB_ID{0};
 
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ private:
     static constexpr std::uintptr_t YUZU_PAGESIZE = 4096;
     static constexpr unsigned YUZU_PAGEBITS = 12;
 
-    SlotVector<AsyncJob> slot_async_jobs;
+    Common::SlotVector<AsyncJob> slot_async_jobs;
 
     VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer;
     Tegra::MaxwellDeviceMemoryManager& device_memory;
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h
index af34c272b..fd471e979 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public:
     void PostCopyBarrier();
     void Finish();
 
-    void TickFrame(VideoCommon::SlotVector<Buffer>&) noexcept {}
+    void TickFrame(Common::SlotVector<Buffer>&) noexcept {}
 
     void ClearBuffer(Buffer& dest_buffer, u32 offset, size_t size, u32 value);
 
@@ -251,7 +251,6 @@ struct BufferCacheParams {
     static constexpr bool NEEDS_BIND_STORAGE_INDEX = true;
     static constexpr bool USE_MEMORY_MAPS = true;
     static constexpr bool SEPARATE_IMAGE_BUFFER_BINDINGS = true;
-    static constexpr bool IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS = true;
 
     // TODO: Investigate why OpenGL seems to perform worse with persistently mapped buffer uploads
     static constexpr bool USE_MEMORY_MAPS_FOR_UPLOADS = false;
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h
index 3e54edcc2..d4165d8e4 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h
@@ -30,13 +30,13 @@ class Image;
 class ImageView;
 class Sampler;
 
+using Common::SlotVector;
 using VideoCommon::ImageId;
 using VideoCommon::ImageViewId;
 using VideoCommon::ImageViewType;
 using VideoCommon::NUM_RT;
 using VideoCommon::Region2D;
 using VideoCommon::RenderTargets;
-using VideoCommon::SlotVector;
 
 struct FormatProperties {
     GLenum compatibility_class;
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_buffer_cache.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_buffer_cache.cpp
index 31001d142..e5e1e3ab6 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_buffer_cache.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_buffer_cache.cpp
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ u32 BufferCacheRuntime::GetStorageBufferAlignment() const {
     return static_cast<u32>(device.GetStorageBufferAlignment());
 }
 
-void BufferCacheRuntime::TickFrame(VideoCommon::SlotVector<Buffer>& slot_buffers) noexcept {
+void BufferCacheRuntime::TickFrame(Common::SlotVector<Buffer>& slot_buffers) noexcept {
     for (auto it = slot_buffers.begin(); it != slot_buffers.end(); it++) {
         it->ResetUsageTracking();
     }
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_buffer_cache.h b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_buffer_cache.h
index e273f4988..efe960258 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_buffer_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_buffer_cache.h
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public:
                                 ComputePassDescriptorQueue& compute_pass_descriptor_queue,
                                 DescriptorPool& descriptor_pool);
 
-    void TickFrame(VideoCommon::SlotVector<Buffer>& slot_buffers) noexcept;
+    void TickFrame(Common::SlotVector<Buffer>& slot_buffers) noexcept;
 
     void Finish();
 
@@ -181,7 +181,6 @@ struct BufferCacheParams {
     static constexpr bool NEEDS_BIND_STORAGE_INDEX = false;
     static constexpr bool USE_MEMORY_MAPS = true;
     static constexpr bool SEPARATE_IMAGE_BUFFER_BINDINGS = false;
-    static constexpr bool IMPLEMENTS_ASYNC_DOWNLOADS = true;
     static constexpr bool USE_MEMORY_MAPS_FOR_UPLOADS = true;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.h b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.h
index 0dbde65d6..aaeb5ef93 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.h
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ struct ResolutionScalingInfo;
 
 namespace Vulkan {
 
+using Common::SlotVector;
 using VideoCommon::ImageId;
 using VideoCommon::NUM_RT;
 using VideoCommon::Region2D;
 using VideoCommon::RenderTargets;
-using VideoCommon::SlotVector;
 using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
 
 class BlitImageHelper;
diff --git a/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h b/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h
index e7b910121..da98a634b 100644
--- a/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h
+++ b/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "common/lru_cache.h"
 #include "common/polyfill_ranges.h"
 #include "common/scratch_buffer.h"
+#include "common/slot_vector.h"
 #include "common/thread_worker.h"
 #include "video_core/compatible_formats.h"
 #include "video_core/control/channel_state_cache.h"
@@ -32,7 +33,6 @@
 #include "video_core/texture_cache/image_info.h"
 #include "video_core/texture_cache/image_view_base.h"
 #include "video_core/texture_cache/render_targets.h"
-#include "video_core/texture_cache/slot_vector.h"
 #include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
 #include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
 
@@ -451,16 +451,16 @@ private:
     struct PendingDownload {
         bool is_swizzle;
         size_t async_buffer_id;
-        SlotId object_id;
+        Common::SlotId object_id;
     };
 
-    SlotVector<Image> slot_images;
-    SlotVector<ImageMapView> slot_map_views;
-    SlotVector<ImageView> slot_image_views;
-    SlotVector<ImageAlloc> slot_image_allocs;
-    SlotVector<Sampler> slot_samplers;
-    SlotVector<Framebuffer> slot_framebuffers;
-    SlotVector<BufferDownload> slot_buffer_downloads;
+    Common::SlotVector<Image> slot_images;
+    Common::SlotVector<ImageMapView> slot_map_views;
+    Common::SlotVector<ImageView> slot_image_views;
+    Common::SlotVector<ImageAlloc> slot_image_allocs;
+    Common::SlotVector<Sampler> slot_samplers;
+    Common::SlotVector<Framebuffer> slot_framebuffers;
+    Common::SlotVector<BufferDownload> slot_buffer_downloads;
 
     // TODO: This data structure is not optimal and it should be reworked
 
diff --git a/src/video_core/texture_cache/types.h b/src/video_core/texture_cache/types.h
index 0453456b4..07c304386 100644
--- a/src/video_core/texture_cache/types.h
+++ b/src/video_core/texture_cache/types.h
@@ -5,21 +5,21 @@
 
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
-#include "video_core/texture_cache/slot_vector.h"
+#include "common/slot_vector.h"
 
 namespace VideoCommon {
 
 constexpr size_t NUM_RT = 8;
 constexpr size_t MAX_MIP_LEVELS = 14;
 
-constexpr SlotId CORRUPT_ID{0xfffffffe};
+constexpr Common::SlotId CORRUPT_ID{0xfffffffe};
 
-using ImageId = SlotId;
-using ImageMapId = SlotId;
-using ImageViewId = SlotId;
-using ImageAllocId = SlotId;
-using SamplerId = SlotId;
-using FramebufferId = SlotId;
+using ImageId = Common::SlotId;
+using ImageMapId = Common::SlotId;
+using ImageViewId = Common::SlotId;
+using ImageAllocId = Common::SlotId;
+using SamplerId = Common::SlotId;
+using FramebufferId = Common::SlotId;
 
 /// Fake image ID for null image views
 constexpr ImageId NULL_IMAGE_ID{0};
diff --git a/src/web_service/web_backend.cpp b/src/web_service/web_backend.cpp
index dff380cca..fdf3ac846 100644
--- a/src/web_service/web_backend.cpp
+++ b/src/web_service/web_backend.cpp
@@ -32,9 +32,14 @@ struct Client::Impl {
     Impl(std::string host_, std::string username_, std::string token_)
         : host{std::move(host_)}, username{std::move(username_)}, token{std::move(token_)} {
         std::scoped_lock lock{jwt_cache.mutex};
-        if (username == jwt_cache.username && token == jwt_cache.token) {
+        if (this->username == jwt_cache.username && this->token == jwt_cache.token) {
             jwt = jwt_cache.jwt;
         }
+
+        // Normalize host expression
+        if (!this->host.empty() && this->host.back() == '/') {
+            static_cast<void>(this->host.pop_back());
+        }
     }
 
     /// A generic function handles POST, GET and DELETE request together
@@ -71,18 +76,16 @@ struct Client::Impl {
                              const std::string& jwt_ = "", const std::string& username_ = "",
                              const std::string& token_ = "") {
         if (cli == nullptr) {
-            cli = std::make_unique<httplib::Client>(host);
+            cli = std::make_unique<httplib::Client>(host.c_str());
+            cli->set_connection_timeout(TIMEOUT_SECONDS);
+            cli->set_read_timeout(TIMEOUT_SECONDS);
+            cli->set_write_timeout(TIMEOUT_SECONDS);
         }
-
         if (!cli->is_valid()) {
-            LOG_ERROR(WebService, "Client is invalid, skipping request!");
-            return {};
+            LOG_ERROR(WebService, "Invalid URL {}", host + path);
+            return WebResult{WebResult::Code::InvalidURL, "Invalid URL", ""};
         }
 
-        cli->set_connection_timeout(TIMEOUT_SECONDS);
-        cli->set_read_timeout(TIMEOUT_SECONDS);
-        cli->set_write_timeout(TIMEOUT_SECONDS);
-
         httplib::Headers params;
         if (!jwt_.empty()) {
             params = {
@@ -107,15 +110,15 @@ struct Client::Impl {
         request.headers = params;
         request.body = data;
 
-        httplib::Response response;
-        httplib::Error error;
+        httplib::Result result = cli->send(request);
 
-        if (!cli->send(request, response, error)) {
-            LOG_ERROR(WebService, "{} to {} returned null (httplib Error: {})", method, host + path,
-                      httplib::to_string(error));
+        if (!result) {
+            LOG_ERROR(WebService, "{} to {} returned null", method, host + path);
             return WebResult{WebResult::Code::LibError, "Null response", ""};
         }
 
+        httplib::Response response = result.value();
+
         if (response.status >= 400) {
             LOG_ERROR(WebService, "{} to {} returned error status code: {}", method, host + path,
                       response.status);
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_hotkeys.cpp b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_hotkeys.cpp
index 3d18670ce..3f68de12d 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_hotkeys.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_hotkeys.cpp
@@ -45,15 +45,23 @@ ConfigureHotkeys::ConfigureHotkeys(Core::HID::HIDCore& hid_core, QWidget* parent
 
     controller = hid_core.GetEmulatedController(Core::HID::NpadIdType::Player1);
 
-    connect(timeout_timer.get(), &QTimer::timeout, [this] { SetPollingResult({}, true); });
+    connect(timeout_timer.get(), &QTimer::timeout, [this] {
+        const bool is_button_pressed = pressed_buttons != Core::HID::NpadButton::None ||
+                                       pressed_home_button || pressed_capture_button;
+        SetPollingResult(!is_button_pressed);
+    });
 
     connect(poll_timer.get(), &QTimer::timeout, [this] {
-        const auto buttons = controller->GetNpadButtons();
-        const auto home_pressed = controller->GetHomeButtons().home != 0;
-        const auto capture_pressed = controller->GetCaptureButtons().capture != 0;
-        if (home_pressed || capture_pressed) {
-            SetPollingResult(buttons.raw, false);
-            return;
+        pressed_buttons |= controller->GetNpadButtons().raw;
+        pressed_home_button |= this->controller->GetHomeButtons().home != 0;
+        pressed_capture_button |= this->controller->GetCaptureButtons().capture != 0;
+        if (pressed_buttons != Core::HID::NpadButton::None || pressed_home_button ||
+            pressed_capture_button) {
+            const QString button_name =
+                GetButtonCombinationName(pressed_buttons, pressed_home_button,
+                                         pressed_capture_button) +
+                QStringLiteral("...");
+            model->setData(button_model_index, button_name);
         }
     });
     RetranslateUI();
@@ -154,16 +162,14 @@ void ConfigureHotkeys::ConfigureController(QModelIndex index) {
 
     const auto previous_key = model->data(index);
 
-    input_setter = [this, index, previous_key](const Core::HID::NpadButton button,
-                                               const bool cancel) {
+    input_setter = [this, index, previous_key](const bool cancel) {
         if (cancel) {
             model->setData(index, previous_key);
             return;
         }
-        const auto home_pressed = this->controller->GetHomeButtons().home != 0;
-        const auto capture_pressed = this->controller->GetCaptureButtons().capture != 0;
+
         const QString button_string =
-            GetButtonCombinationName(button, home_pressed, capture_pressed);
+            GetButtonCombinationName(pressed_buttons, pressed_home_button, pressed_capture_button);
 
         const auto [key_sequence_used, used_action] = IsUsedControllerKey(button_string);
 
@@ -177,17 +183,22 @@ void ConfigureHotkeys::ConfigureController(QModelIndex index) {
         }
     };
 
+    button_model_index = index;
+    pressed_buttons = Core::HID::NpadButton::None;
+    pressed_home_button = false;
+    pressed_capture_button = false;
+
     model->setData(index, tr("[waiting]"));
     timeout_timer->start(2500); // Cancel after 2.5 seconds
-    poll_timer->start(200);     // Check for new inputs every 200ms
+    poll_timer->start(100);     // Check for new inputs every 100ms
     // We need to disable configuration to be able to read npad buttons
     controller->DisableConfiguration();
 }
 
-void ConfigureHotkeys::SetPollingResult(Core::HID::NpadButton button, const bool cancel) {
+void ConfigureHotkeys::SetPollingResult(const bool cancel) {
     timeout_timer->stop();
     poll_timer->stop();
-    (*input_setter)(button, cancel);
+    (*input_setter)(cancel);
     // Re-Enable configuration
     controller->EnableConfiguration();
 
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_hotkeys.h b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_hotkeys.h
index 5fd1bcbfe..20ea3b515 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_hotkeys.h
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_hotkeys.h
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <QStandardItemModel>
 #include <QWidget>
 
 namespace Common {
@@ -54,14 +55,20 @@ private:
     void RestoreControllerHotkey(QModelIndex index);
     void RestoreHotkey(QModelIndex index);
 
+    void SetPollingResult(bool cancel);
+    QString GetButtonCombinationName(Core::HID::NpadButton button, bool home, bool capture) const;
+
     std::unique_ptr<Ui::ConfigureHotkeys> ui;
 
     QStandardItemModel* model;
 
-    void SetPollingResult(Core::HID::NpadButton button, bool cancel);
-    QString GetButtonCombinationName(Core::HID::NpadButton button, bool home, bool capture) const;
+    bool pressed_home_button;
+    bool pressed_capture_button;
+    QModelIndex button_model_index;
+    Core::HID::NpadButton pressed_buttons;
+
     Core::HID::EmulatedController* controller;
     std::unique_ptr<QTimer> timeout_timer;
     std::unique_ptr<QTimer> poll_timer;
-    std::optional<std::function<void(Core::HID::NpadButton, bool)>> input_setter;
+    std::optional<std::function<void(bool)>> input_setter;
 };
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_ui.cpp b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_ui.cpp
index c8e871151..f3c91586c 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_ui.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_ui.cpp
@@ -248,82 +248,22 @@ void ConfigureUi::RetranslateUI() {
 }
 
 void ConfigureUi::InitializeLanguageComboBox() {
-    // This is a list of lexicographically sorted languages, only the available translations are
-    // shown to the user.
-    static const struct {
-        const QString name;
-        const char* id;
-    } languages[] = {
-        // clang-format off
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Bahasa Indonesia"), "id"},                                 // Indonesian
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Bahasa Melayu"), "ms"},                                    // Malay
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Catal\u00E0"), "ca"},                                      // Catalan
-        {QStringLiteral(u"\u010Ce\u0161tina"), "cs"},                                // Czech
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Dansk"), "da"},                                            // Danish
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Deutsch"), "de"},                                          // German
-        {QStringLiteral(u"English"), "en"},                                          // English
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Espa\u00F1ol"), "es"},                                     // Spanish
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Fran\u00E7ais"), "fr"},                                    // French
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Hrvatski"), "hr"},                                         // Croatian
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Italiano"), "it"},                                         // Italian
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Magyar"), "hu"},                                           // Hungarian
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Nederlands"), "nl"},                                       // Dutch
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Norsk bokm\u00E5l"), "nb"},                                // Norwegian
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Polski"), "pl"},                                           // Polish
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Portugu\u00EAs"), "pt_PT"},                                // Portuguese
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Portugu\u00EAs (Brasil)"), "pt_BR"},                       // Portuguese (Brazil)
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Rom\u00E2n\u0103"), "ro"},                                 // Romanian
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Srpski"), "sr"},                                           // Serbian
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Suomi"), "fi"},                                            // Finnish
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Svenska"), "sv"},                                          // Swedish
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Ti\u1EBFng Vi\u1EC7t"), "vi"},                             // Vietnamese
-        {QStringLiteral(u"Ti\u1EBFng Vi\u1EC7t (Vi\u1EC7t Nam)"), "vi_VN"},          // Vietnamese
-        {QStringLiteral(u"T\u00FCrk\u00E7e"), "tr_TR"},                              // Turkish
-        {QStringLiteral(u"\u0395\u03BB\u03BB\u03B7\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC"), "el"}, // Greek
-        {QStringLiteral(u"\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439"), "ru_RU"},    // Russian
-        {QStringLiteral(u"\u0423\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430"),
-         "uk"},                                                                      // Ukrainian
-        {QStringLiteral(u"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629"), "ar"},       // Arabic
-        {QStringLiteral(u"\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06CC"), "fa"},                   // Farsi
-        {QStringLiteral(u"\uD55C\uAD6D\uC5B4"), "ko_KR"},                            // Korean
-        {QStringLiteral(u"\u65E5\u672C\u8A9E"), "ja_JP"},                            // Japanese
-        {QStringLiteral(u"\u7B80\u4F53\u4E2D\u6587"), "zh_CN"},                      // Simplified Chinese
-        {QStringLiteral(u"\u7E41\u9AD4\u4E2D\u6587"), "zh_TW"},                      // Traditional Chinese
-        // clang-format on
-    };
     ui->language_combobox->addItem(tr("<System>"), QString{});
-    QDir languages_dir{QStringLiteral(":/languages")};
-    QStringList language_files = languages_dir.entryList();
-    for (const auto& lang : languages) {
-        if (QString::fromLatin1(lang.id) == QStringLiteral("en")) {
-            ui->language_combobox->addItem(lang.name, QStringLiteral("en"));
-            language_files.removeOne(QStringLiteral("en.qm"));
-            continue;
-        }
-        for (int i = 0; i < language_files.size(); ++i) {
-            QString locale = language_files[i];
-            locale.truncate(locale.lastIndexOf(QLatin1Char{'.'}));
-            if (QString::fromLatin1(lang.id) == locale) {
-                ui->language_combobox->addItem(lang.name, locale);
-                language_files.removeAt(i);
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    // Anything remaining will be at the bottom
-    for (const QString& file : language_files) {
-        LOG_CRITICAL(Frontend, "Unexpected Language File: {}", file.toStdString());
-        QString locale = file;
+    ui->language_combobox->addItem(tr("English"), QStringLiteral("en"));
+    QDirIterator it(QStringLiteral(":/languages"), QDirIterator::NoIteratorFlags);
+    while (it.hasNext()) {
+        QString locale = it.next();
         locale.truncate(locale.lastIndexOf(QLatin1Char{'.'}));
-        const QString language_name = QLocale::languageToString(QLocale(locale).language());
-        const QString lang = QStringLiteral("%1 [%2]").arg(language_name, locale);
-        ui->language_combobox->addItem(lang, locale);
+        locale.remove(0, locale.lastIndexOf(QLatin1Char{'/'}) + 1);
+        const QString lang = QLocale::languageToString(QLocale(locale).language());
+        const QString country = QLocale::countryToString(QLocale(locale).country());
+        ui->language_combobox->addItem(QStringLiteral("%1 (%2)").arg(lang, country), locale);
     }
 
     // Unlike other configuration changes, interface language changes need to be reflected on the
     // interface immediately. This is done by passing a signal to the main window, and then
     // retranslating when passing back.
-    connect(ui->language_combobox, QOverload<int>::of(&QComboBox::currentIndexChanged), this,
+    connect(ui->language_combobox, qOverload<int>(&QComboBox::currentIndexChanged), this,
             &ConfigureUi::OnLanguageChanged);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/yuzu/hotkeys.cpp b/src/yuzu/hotkeys.cpp
index b7693ad0d..170f14684 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/hotkeys.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/hotkeys.cpp
@@ -193,8 +193,7 @@ void ControllerShortcut::ControllerUpdateEvent(Core::HID::ControllerTriggerType
     if (!Settings::values.controller_navigation) {
         return;
     }
-    if (button_sequence.npad.raw == Core::HID::NpadButton::None &&
-        button_sequence.capture.raw == 0 && button_sequence.home.raw == 0) {
+    if (button_sequence.npad.raw == Core::HID::NpadButton::None) {
         return;
     }