28 files changed, 456 insertions, 37 deletions

diff --git a/src/common/settings.cpp b/src/common/settings.cpp
index ba617aea1..ff53e80bb 100644
--- a/src/common/settings.cpp
+++ b/src/common/settings.cpp
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ void LogSettings() {
     log_setting("Renderer_NvdecEmulation", values.nvdec_emulation.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_AccelerateASTC", values.accelerate_astc.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_AsyncASTC", values.async_astc.GetValue());
+    log_setting("Renderer_AstcRecompression", values.astc_recompression.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_UseVsync", values.vsync_mode.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_UseReactiveFlushing", values.use_reactive_flushing.GetValue());
     log_setting("Renderer_ShaderBackend", values.shader_backend.GetValue());
@@ -224,6 +225,7 @@ void RestoreGlobalState(bool is_powered_on) {
     values.nvdec_emulation.SetGlobal(true);
     values.accelerate_astc.SetGlobal(true);
     values.async_astc.SetGlobal(true);
+    values.astc_recompression.SetGlobal(true);
     values.use_reactive_flushing.SetGlobal(true);
     values.shader_backend.SetGlobal(true);
     values.use_asynchronous_shaders.SetGlobal(true);
diff --git a/src/common/settings.h b/src/common/settings.h
index 36ffcd693..7f865b2a7 100644
--- a/src/common/settings.h
+++ b/src/common/settings.h
@@ -90,6 +90,12 @@ enum class AntiAliasing : u32 {
     LastAA = Smaa,
 };
 
+enum class AstcRecompression : u32 {
+    Uncompressed = 0,
+    Bc1 = 1,
+    Bc3 = 2,
+};
+
 struct ResolutionScalingInfo {
     u32 up_scale{1};
     u32 down_shift{0};
@@ -473,6 +479,9 @@ struct Values {
     SwitchableSetting<bool> use_vulkan_driver_pipeline_cache{true,
                                                              "use_vulkan_driver_pipeline_cache"};
     SwitchableSetting<bool> enable_compute_pipelines{false, "enable_compute_pipelines"};
+    SwitchableSetting<AstcRecompression, true> astc_recompression{
+        AstcRecompression::Uncompressed, AstcRecompression::Uncompressed, AstcRecompression::Bc3,
+        "astc_recompression"};
 
     SwitchableSetting<u8> bg_red{0, "bg_red"};
     SwitchableSetting<u8> bg_green{0, "bg_green"};
diff --git a/src/core/hle/kernel/k_memory_block_manager.h b/src/core/hle/kernel/k_memory_block_manager.h
index 7c0bd16f0..96496e990 100644
--- a/src/core/hle/kernel/k_memory_block_manager.h
+++ b/src/core/hle/kernel/k_memory_block_manager.h
@@ -144,14 +144,10 @@ private:
 
 class KScopedMemoryBlockManagerAuditor {
 public:
-    explicit KScopedMemoryBlockManagerAuditor(KMemoryBlockManager* m) : m_manager(m) {
-        ASSERT(m_manager->CheckState());
-    }
+    explicit KScopedMemoryBlockManagerAuditor(KMemoryBlockManager* m) : m_manager(m) {}
     explicit KScopedMemoryBlockManagerAuditor(KMemoryBlockManager& m)
         : KScopedMemoryBlockManagerAuditor(std::addressof(m)) {}
-    ~KScopedMemoryBlockManagerAuditor() {
-        ASSERT(m_manager->CheckState());
-    }
+    ~KScopedMemoryBlockManagerAuditor() = default;
 
 private:
     KMemoryBlockManager* m_manager;
diff --git a/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt b/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
index a0009a36f..308d013d6 100644
--- a/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -246,10 +246,14 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     texture_cache/util.h
     textures/astc.h
     textures/astc.cpp
+    textures/bcn.cpp
+    textures/bcn.h
     textures/decoders.cpp
     textures/decoders.h
     textures/texture.cpp
     textures/texture.h
+    textures/workers.cpp
+    textures/workers.h
     transform_feedback.cpp
     transform_feedback.h
     video_core.cpp
@@ -275,7 +279,7 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
 create_target_directory_groups(video_core)
 
 target_link_libraries(video_core PUBLIC common core)
-target_link_libraries(video_core PUBLIC glad shader_recompiler)
+target_link_libraries(video_core PUBLIC glad shader_recompiler stb)
 
 if (YUZU_USE_BUNDLED_FFMPEG AND NOT WIN32)
     add_dependencies(video_core ffmpeg-build)
diff --git a/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h b/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h
index f3a6d5069..65494097b 100644
--- a/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.h
@@ -1664,7 +1664,7 @@ typename BufferCache<P>::Binding BufferCache<P>::StorageBufferBinding(GPUVAddr s
         // cbufs, which do not store the sizes adjacent to the addresses, so use the fully
         // mapped buffer size for now.
         const u32 memory_layout_size = static_cast<u32>(gpu_memory->GetMemoryLayoutSize(gpu_addr));
-        return memory_layout_size;
+        return std::min(memory_layout_size, static_cast<u32>(8_MiB));
     }();
     const std::optional<VAddr> cpu_addr = gpu_memory->GpuToCpuAddress(gpu_addr);
     if (!cpu_addr || size == 0) {
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.cpp
index 31118886f..1e0823836 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.cpp
@@ -233,6 +233,8 @@ void ApplySwizzle(GLuint handle, PixelFormat format, std::array<SwizzleSource, 4
                                     const VideoCommon::ImageInfo& info) {
     if (IsPixelFormatASTC(info.format) && info.size.depth == 1 && !runtime.HasNativeASTC()) {
         return Settings::values.accelerate_astc.GetValue() &&
+               Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetValue() ==
+                   Settings::AstcRecompression::Uncompressed &&
                !Settings::values.async_astc.GetValue();
     }
     // Disable other accelerated uploads for now as they don't implement swizzled uploads
@@ -437,6 +439,19 @@ OGLTexture MakeImage(const VideoCommon::ImageInfo& info, GLenum gl_internal_form
     return GL_R32UI;
 }
 
+[[nodiscard]] GLenum SelectAstcFormat(PixelFormat format, bool is_srgb) {
+    switch (Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetValue()) {
+    case Settings::AstcRecompression::Bc1:
+        return is_srgb ? GL_COMPRESSED_SRGB_ALPHA_S3TC_DXT1_EXT : GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_EXT;
+        break;
+    case Settings::AstcRecompression::Bc3:
+        return is_srgb ? GL_COMPRESSED_SRGB_ALPHA_S3TC_DXT5_EXT : GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_EXT;
+        break;
+    default:
+        return is_srgb ? GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8 : GL_RGBA8;
+    }
+}
+
 } // Anonymous namespace
 
 ImageBufferMap::~ImageBufferMap() {
@@ -739,9 +754,16 @@ Image::Image(TextureCacheRuntime& runtime_, const VideoCommon::ImageInfo& info_,
     if (IsConverted(runtime->device, info.format, info.type)) {
         flags |= ImageFlagBits::Converted;
         flags |= ImageFlagBits::CostlyLoad;
-        gl_internal_format = IsPixelFormatSRGB(info.format) ? GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8 : GL_RGBA8;
+
+        const bool is_srgb = IsPixelFormatSRGB(info.format);
+        gl_internal_format = is_srgb ? GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8 : GL_RGBA8;
         gl_format = GL_RGBA;
         gl_type = GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8_REV;
+
+        if (IsPixelFormatASTC(info.format)) {
+            gl_internal_format = SelectAstcFormat(info.format, is_srgb);
+            gl_format = GL_NONE;
+        }
     } else {
         const auto& tuple = MaxwellToGL::GetFormatTuple(info.format);
         gl_internal_format = tuple.internal_format;
@@ -1130,7 +1152,12 @@ ImageView::ImageView(TextureCacheRuntime& runtime, const VideoCommon::ImageViewI
       views{runtime.null_image_views} {
     const Device& device = runtime.device;
     if (True(image.flags & ImageFlagBits::Converted)) {
-        internal_format = IsPixelFormatSRGB(info.format) ? GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8 : GL_RGBA8;
+        const bool is_srgb = IsPixelFormatSRGB(info.format);
+        internal_format = is_srgb ? GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8 : GL_RGBA8;
+
+        if (IsPixelFormatASTC(info.format)) {
+            internal_format = SelectAstcFormat(info.format, is_srgb);
+        }
     } else {
         internal_format = MaxwellToGL::GetFormatTuple(format).internal_format;
     }
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h
index 1190999a8..3e9b3302b 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h
@@ -144,6 +144,10 @@ public:
         return state_tracker;
     }
 
+    void BarrierFeedbackLoop() const noexcept {
+        // OpenGL does not require a barrier for attachment feedback loops.
+    }
+
 private:
     struct StagingBuffers {
         explicit StagingBuffers(GLenum storage_flags_, GLenum map_flags_);
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/maxwell_to_vk.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/maxwell_to_vk.cpp
index 8853cf0f7..b75d7220d 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/maxwell_to_vk.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/maxwell_to_vk.cpp
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
+#include "common/settings.h"
 #include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/maxwell_to_vk.h"
 #include "video_core/surface.h"
@@ -237,14 +238,25 @@ FormatInfo SurfaceFormat(const Device& device, FormatType format_type, bool with
                          PixelFormat pixel_format) {
     ASSERT(static_cast<size_t>(pixel_format) < std::size(tex_format_tuples));
     FormatTuple tuple = tex_format_tuples[static_cast<size_t>(pixel_format)];
-    // Use A8B8G8R8_UNORM on hardware that doesn't support ASTC natively
+    // Transcode on hardware that doesn't support ASTC natively
     if (!device.IsOptimalAstcSupported() && VideoCore::Surface::IsPixelFormatASTC(pixel_format)) {
         const bool is_srgb = with_srgb && VideoCore::Surface::IsPixelFormatSRGB(pixel_format);
-        if (is_srgb) {
-            tuple.format = VK_FORMAT_A8B8G8R8_SRGB_PACK32;
-        } else {
-            tuple.format = VK_FORMAT_A8B8G8R8_UNORM_PACK32;
-            tuple.usage |= Storage;
+
+        switch (Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetValue()) {
+        case Settings::AstcRecompression::Uncompressed:
+            if (is_srgb) {
+                tuple.format = VK_FORMAT_A8B8G8R8_SRGB_PACK32;
+            } else {
+                tuple.format = VK_FORMAT_A8B8G8R8_UNORM_PACK32;
+                tuple.usage |= Storage;
+            }
+            break;
+        case Settings::AstcRecompression::Bc1:
+            tuple.format = is_srgb ? VK_FORMAT_BC1_RGBA_SRGB_BLOCK : VK_FORMAT_BC1_RGBA_UNORM_BLOCK;
+            break;
+        case Settings::AstcRecompression::Bc3:
+            tuple.format = is_srgb ? VK_FORMAT_BC3_SRGB_BLOCK : VK_FORMAT_BC3_UNORM_BLOCK;
+            break;
         }
     }
     const bool attachable = (tuple.usage & Attachable) != 0;
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_graphics_pipeline.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_graphics_pipeline.cpp
index f1bcd5cd6..506b78f08 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_graphics_pipeline.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_graphics_pipeline.cpp
@@ -481,12 +481,13 @@ void GraphicsPipeline::ConfigureImpl(bool is_indexed) {
     if constexpr (Spec::enabled_stages[4]) {
         prepare_stage(4);
     }
+    texture_cache.UpdateRenderTargets(false);
+    texture_cache.CheckFeedbackLoop(views);
     ConfigureDraw(rescaling, render_area);
 }
 
 void GraphicsPipeline::ConfigureDraw(const RescalingPushConstant& rescaling,
                                      const RenderAreaPushConstant& render_area) {
-    texture_cache.UpdateRenderTargets(false);
     scheduler.RequestRenderpass(texture_cache.GetFramebuffer());
 
     if (!is_built.load(std::memory_order::relaxed)) {
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.cpp
index 47c74e4d8..8b65aeaeb 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.cpp
@@ -10,11 +10,16 @@
 
 namespace Vulkan {
 
+constexpr u64 FENCE_RESERVE_SIZE = 8;
+
 MasterSemaphore::MasterSemaphore(const Device& device_) : device(device_) {
     if (!device.HasTimelineSemaphore()) {
         static constexpr VkFenceCreateInfo fence_ci{
             .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO, .pNext = nullptr, .flags = 0};
-        fence = device.GetLogical().CreateFence(fence_ci);
+        free_queue.resize(FENCE_RESERVE_SIZE);
+        std::ranges::generate(free_queue,
+                              [&] { return device.GetLogical().CreateFence(fence_ci); });
+        wait_thread = std::jthread([this](std::stop_token token) { WaitThread(token); });
         return;
     }
 
@@ -167,16 +172,53 @@ VkResult MasterSemaphore::SubmitQueueFence(vk::CommandBuffer& cmdbuf, VkSemaphor
         .pSignalSemaphores = &signal_semaphore,
     };
 
+    auto fence = GetFreeFence();
     auto result = device.GetGraphicsQueue().Submit(submit_info, *fence);
 
     if (result == VK_SUCCESS) {
+        std::scoped_lock lock{wait_mutex};
+        wait_queue.emplace(host_tick, std::move(fence));
+        wait_cv.notify_one();
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+void MasterSemaphore::WaitThread(std::stop_token token) {
+    while (!token.stop_requested()) {
+        u64 host_tick;
+        vk::Fence fence;
+        {
+            std::unique_lock lock{wait_mutex};
+            Common::CondvarWait(wait_cv, lock, token, [this] { return !wait_queue.empty(); });
+            if (token.stop_requested()) {
+                return;
+            }
+            std::tie(host_tick, fence) = std::move(wait_queue.front());
+            wait_queue.pop();
+        }
+
         fence.Wait();
         fence.Reset();
         gpu_tick.store(host_tick);
         gpu_tick.notify_all();
+
+        std::scoped_lock lock{free_mutex};
+        free_queue.push_front(std::move(fence));
     }
+}
 
-    return result;
+vk::Fence MasterSemaphore::GetFreeFence() {
+    std::scoped_lock lock{free_mutex};
+    if (free_queue.empty()) {
+        static constexpr VkFenceCreateInfo fence_ci{
+            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO, .pNext = nullptr, .flags = 0};
+        return device.GetLogical().CreateFence(fence_ci);
+    }
+
+    auto fence = std::move(free_queue.back());
+    free_queue.pop_back();
+    return fence;
 }
 
 } // namespace Vulkan
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.h b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.h
index f2f61f781..1e7c90215 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_master_semaphore.h
@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <condition_variable>
+#include <deque>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <thread>
+#include <queue>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/polyfill_thread.h"
@@ -17,6 +19,8 @@ namespace Vulkan {
 class Device;
 
 class MasterSemaphore {
+    using Waitable = std::pair<u64, vk::Fence>;
+
 public:
     explicit MasterSemaphore(const Device& device);
     ~MasterSemaphore();
@@ -57,13 +61,22 @@ private:
     VkResult SubmitQueueFence(vk::CommandBuffer& cmdbuf, VkSemaphore signal_semaphore,
                               VkSemaphore wait_semaphore, u64 host_tick);
 
+    void WaitThread(std::stop_token token);
+
+    vk::Fence GetFreeFence();
+
 private:
     const Device& device;             ///< Device.
-    vk::Fence fence;                  ///< Fence.
     vk::Semaphore semaphore;          ///< Timeline semaphore.
     std::atomic<u64> gpu_tick{0};     ///< Current known GPU tick.
     std::atomic<u64> current_tick{1}; ///< Current logical tick.
+    std::mutex wait_mutex;
+    std::mutex free_mutex;
+    std::condition_variable_any wait_cv;
+    std::queue<Waitable> wait_queue;  ///< Queue for the fences to be waited on by the wait thread.
+    std::deque<vk::Fence> free_queue; ///< Holds available fences for submission.
     std::jthread debug_thread;        ///< Debug thread to workaround validation layer bugs.
+    std::jthread wait_thread;         ///< Helper thread that waits for submitted fences.
 };
 
 } // namespace Vulkan
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.cpp
index 4d0481f2a..8711e2a87 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.cpp
@@ -861,6 +861,10 @@ VkBuffer TextureCacheRuntime::GetTemporaryBuffer(size_t needed_size) {
     return *buffers[level];
 }
 
+void TextureCacheRuntime::BarrierFeedbackLoop() {
+    scheduler.RequestOutsideRenderPassOperationContext();
+}
+
 void TextureCacheRuntime::ReinterpretImage(Image& dst, Image& src,
                                            std::span<const VideoCommon::ImageCopy> copies) {
     std::vector<VkBufferImageCopy> vk_in_copies(copies.size());
@@ -1268,7 +1272,9 @@ Image::Image(TextureCacheRuntime& runtime_, const ImageInfo& info_, GPUVAddr gpu
     if (IsPixelFormatASTC(info.format) && !runtime->device.IsOptimalAstcSupported()) {
         if (Settings::values.async_astc.GetValue()) {
             flags |= VideoCommon::ImageFlagBits::AsynchronousDecode;
-        } else if (Settings::values.accelerate_astc.GetValue() && info.size.depth == 1) {
+        } else if (Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetValue() ==
+                       Settings::AstcRecompression::Uncompressed &&
+                   Settings::values.accelerate_astc.GetValue() && info.size.depth == 1) {
             flags |= VideoCommon::ImageFlagBits::AcceleratedUpload;
         }
         flags |= VideoCommon::ImageFlagBits::Converted;
@@ -1283,7 +1289,9 @@ Image::Image(TextureCacheRuntime& runtime_, const ImageInfo& info_, GPUVAddr gpu
         .usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_STORAGE_BIT,
     };
     current_image = *original_image;
-    if (IsPixelFormatASTC(info.format) && !runtime->device.IsOptimalAstcSupported()) {
+    if (IsPixelFormatASTC(info.format) && !runtime->device.IsOptimalAstcSupported() &&
+        Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetValue() ==
+            Settings::AstcRecompression::Uncompressed) {
         const auto& device = runtime->device.GetLogical();
         storage_image_views.reserve(info.resources.levels);
         for (s32 level = 0; level < info.resources.levels; ++level) {
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.h b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.h
index 4166b3d20..0f7a5ffd4 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_texture_cache.h
@@ -103,6 +103,8 @@ public:
 
     [[nodiscard]] VkBuffer GetTemporaryBuffer(size_t needed_size);
 
+    void BarrierFeedbackLoop();
+
     const Device& device;
     Scheduler& scheduler;
     MemoryAllocator& memory_allocator;
diff --git a/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h b/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h
index 6abafa877..9790949f5 100644
--- a/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h
@@ -186,6 +186,42 @@ void TextureCache<P>::FillComputeImageViews(std::span<ImageViewInOut> views) {
 }
 
 template <class P>
+void TextureCache<P>::CheckFeedbackLoop(std::span<const ImageViewInOut> views) {
+    const bool requires_barrier = [&] {
+        for (const auto& view : views) {
+            if (!view.id) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            auto& image_view = slot_image_views[view.id];
+
+            // Check color targets
+            for (const auto& ct_view_id : render_targets.color_buffer_ids) {
+                if (ct_view_id) {
+                    auto& ct_view = slot_image_views[ct_view_id];
+                    if (image_view.image_id == ct_view.image_id) {
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Check zeta target
+            if (render_targets.depth_buffer_id) {
+                auto& zt_view = slot_image_views[render_targets.depth_buffer_id];
+                if (image_view.image_id == zt_view.image_id) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }();
+
+    if (requires_barrier) {
+        runtime.BarrierFeedbackLoop();
+    }
+}
+
+template <class P>
 typename P::Sampler* TextureCache<P>::GetGraphicsSampler(u32 index) {
     if (index > channel_state->graphics_sampler_table.Limit()) {
         LOG_DEBUG(HW_GPU, "Invalid sampler index={}", index);
diff --git a/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h b/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h
index 0720494e5..1a3308e2d 100644
--- a/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h
+++ b/src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache_base.h
@@ -148,6 +148,9 @@ public:
     /// Fill image_view_ids with the compute images in indices
     void FillComputeImageViews(std::span<ImageViewInOut> views);
 
+    /// Handle feedback loops during draws.
+    void CheckFeedbackLoop(std::span<const ImageViewInOut> views);
+
     /// Get the sampler from the graphics descriptor table in the specified index
     Sampler* GetGraphicsSampler(u32 index);
 
diff --git a/src/video_core/texture_cache/util.cpp b/src/video_core/texture_cache/util.cpp
index f1071aa23..1463f157b 100644
--- a/src/video_core/texture_cache/util.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/texture_cache/util.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 #include "common/bit_util.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/div_ceil.h"
+#include "common/scratch_buffer.h"
+#include "common/settings.h"
 #include "video_core/compatible_formats.h"
 #include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
 #include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
@@ -28,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "video_core/texture_cache/samples_helper.h"
 #include "video_core/texture_cache/util.h"
 #include "video_core/textures/astc.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/bcn.h"
 #include "video_core/textures/decoders.h"
 
 namespace VideoCommon {
@@ -585,6 +588,21 @@ u32 CalculateConvertedSizeBytes(const ImageInfo& info) noexcept {
         return info.size.width * BytesPerBlock(info.format);
     }
     static constexpr Extent2D TILE_SIZE{1, 1};
+    if (IsPixelFormatASTC(info.format) && Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetValue() !=
+                                              Settings::AstcRecompression::Uncompressed) {
+        const u32 bpp_div =
+            Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetValue() == Settings::AstcRecompression::Bc1 ? 2
+                                                                                               : 1;
+        // NumBlocksPerLayer doesn't account for this correctly, so we have to do it manually.
+        u32 output_size = 0;
+        for (s32 i = 0; i < info.resources.levels; i++) {
+            const auto mip_size = AdjustMipSize(info.size, i);
+            const u32 plane_dim =
+                Common::AlignUp(mip_size.width, 4U) * Common::AlignUp(mip_size.height, 4U);
+            output_size += (plane_dim * info.size.depth * info.resources.layers) / bpp_div;
+        }
+        return output_size;
+    }
     return NumBlocksPerLayer(info, TILE_SIZE) * info.resources.layers * CONVERTED_BYTES_PER_BLOCK;
 }
 
@@ -885,6 +903,7 @@ BufferCopy UploadBufferCopy(Tegra::MemoryManager& gpu_memory, GPUVAddr gpu_addr,
 void ConvertImage(std::span<const u8> input, const ImageInfo& info, std::span<u8> output,
                   std::span<BufferImageCopy> copies) {
     u32 output_offset = 0;
+    Common::ScratchBuffer<u8> decode_scratch;
 
     const Extent2D tile_size = DefaultBlockSize(info.format);
     for (BufferImageCopy& copy : copies) {
@@ -895,22 +914,58 @@ void ConvertImage(std::span<const u8> input, const ImageInfo& info, std::span<u8
         ASSERT(copy.image_extent == mip_size);
         ASSERT(copy.buffer_row_length == Common::AlignUp(mip_size.width, tile_size.width));
         ASSERT(copy.buffer_image_height == Common::AlignUp(mip_size.height, tile_size.height));
-        if (IsPixelFormatASTC(info.format)) {
+
+        const auto input_offset = input.subspan(copy.buffer_offset);
+        copy.buffer_offset = output_offset;
+        copy.buffer_row_length = mip_size.width;
+        copy.buffer_image_height = mip_size.height;
+
+        const auto recompression_setting = Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetValue();
+        const bool astc = IsPixelFormatASTC(info.format);
+
+        if (astc && recompression_setting == Settings::AstcRecompression::Uncompressed) {
             Tegra::Texture::ASTC::Decompress(
-                input.subspan(copy.buffer_offset), copy.image_extent.width,
-                copy.image_extent.height,
+                input_offset, copy.image_extent.width, copy.image_extent.height,
                 copy.image_subresource.num_layers * copy.image_extent.depth, tile_size.width,
                 tile_size.height, output.subspan(output_offset));
+
+            output_offset += copy.image_extent.width * copy.image_extent.height *
+                             copy.image_subresource.num_layers * CONVERTED_BYTES_PER_BLOCK;
+        } else if (astc) {
+            // BC1 uses 0.5 bytes per texel
+            // BC3 uses 1 byte per texel
+            const auto compress = recompression_setting == Settings::AstcRecompression::Bc1
+                                      ? Tegra::Texture::BCN::CompressBC1
+                                      : Tegra::Texture::BCN::CompressBC3;
+            const auto bpp_div = recompression_setting == Settings::AstcRecompression::Bc1 ? 2 : 1;
+
+            const u32 plane_dim = copy.image_extent.width * copy.image_extent.height;
+            const u32 level_size = plane_dim * copy.image_extent.depth *
+                                   copy.image_subresource.num_layers * CONVERTED_BYTES_PER_BLOCK;
+            decode_scratch.resize_destructive(level_size);
+
+            Tegra::Texture::ASTC::Decompress(
+                input_offset, copy.image_extent.width, copy.image_extent.height,
+                copy.image_subresource.num_layers * copy.image_extent.depth, tile_size.width,
+                tile_size.height, decode_scratch);
+
+            compress(decode_scratch, copy.image_extent.width, copy.image_extent.height,
+                     copy.image_subresource.num_layers * copy.image_extent.depth,
+                     output.subspan(output_offset));
+
+            const u32 aligned_plane_dim = Common::AlignUp(copy.image_extent.width, 4) *
+                                          Common::AlignUp(copy.image_extent.height, 4);
+
+            copy.buffer_size =
+                (aligned_plane_dim * copy.image_extent.depth * copy.image_subresource.num_layers) /
+                bpp_div;
+            output_offset += static_cast<u32>(copy.buffer_size);
         } else {
-            DecompressBC4(input.subspan(copy.buffer_offset), copy.image_extent,
-                          output.subspan(output_offset));
-        }
-        copy.buffer_offset = output_offset;
-        copy.buffer_row_length = mip_size.width;
-        copy.buffer_image_height = mip_size.height;
+            DecompressBC4(input_offset, copy.image_extent, output.subspan(output_offset));
 
-        output_offset += copy.image_extent.width * copy.image_extent.height *
-                         copy.image_subresource.num_layers * CONVERTED_BYTES_PER_BLOCK;
+            output_offset += copy.image_extent.width * copy.image_extent.height *
+                             copy.image_subresource.num_layers * CONVERTED_BYTES_PER_BLOCK;
+        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/video_core/textures/astc.cpp b/src/video_core/textures/astc.cpp
index a68bc0d77..fef0be31d 100644
--- a/src/video_core/textures/astc.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/textures/astc.cpp
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
 #include "common/alignment.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/polyfill_ranges.h"
-#include "common/thread_worker.h"
 #include "video_core/textures/astc.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/workers.h"
 
 class InputBitStream {
 public:
@@ -1656,8 +1656,7 @@ void Decompress(std::span<const uint8_t> data, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
     const u32 rows = Common::DivideUp(height, block_height);
     const u32 cols = Common::DivideUp(width, block_width);
 
-    static Common::ThreadWorker workers{std::max(std::thread::hardware_concurrency(), 2U) / 2,
-                                        "ASTCDecompress"};
+    Common::ThreadWorker& workers{GetThreadWorkers()};
 
     for (u32 z = 0; z < depth; ++z) {
         const u32 depth_offset = z * height * width * 4;
diff --git a/src/video_core/textures/bcn.cpp b/src/video_core/textures/bcn.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..671212a49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/textures/bcn.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include <stb_dxt.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "common/alignment.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/bcn.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/workers.h"
+
+namespace Tegra::Texture::BCN {
+
+using BCNCompressor = void(u8* block_output, const u8* block_input, bool any_alpha);
+
+template <u32 BytesPerBlock, bool ThresholdAlpha = false>
+void CompressBCN(std::span<const uint8_t> data, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t depth,
+                 std::span<uint8_t> output, BCNCompressor f) {
+    constexpr u8 alpha_threshold = 128;
+    constexpr u32 bytes_per_px = 4;
+    const u32 plane_dim = width * height;
+
+    Common::ThreadWorker& workers{GetThreadWorkers()};
+
+    for (u32 z = 0; z < depth; z++) {
+        for (u32 y = 0; y < height; y += 4) {
+            auto compress_row = [z, y, width, height, plane_dim, f, data, output]() {
+                for (u32 x = 0; x < width; x += 4) {
+                    // Gather 4x4 block of RGBA texels
+                    u8 input_colors[4][4][4];
+                    bool any_alpha = false;
+
+                    for (u32 j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
+                        for (u32 i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+                            const size_t coord =
+                                (z * plane_dim + (y + j) * width + (x + i)) * bytes_per_px;
+
+                            if ((x + i < width) && (y + j < height)) {
+                                if constexpr (ThresholdAlpha) {
+                                    if (data[coord + 3] >= alpha_threshold) {
+                                        input_colors[j][i][0] = data[coord + 0];
+                                        input_colors[j][i][1] = data[coord + 1];
+                                        input_colors[j][i][2] = data[coord + 2];
+                                        input_colors[j][i][3] = 255;
+                                    } else {
+                                        any_alpha = true;
+                                        memset(input_colors[j][i], 0, bytes_per_px);
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    memcpy(input_colors[j][i], &data[coord], bytes_per_px);
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                memset(input_colors[j][i], 0, bytes_per_px);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    const u32 bytes_per_row = BytesPerBlock * Common::DivideUp(width, 4U);
+                    const u32 bytes_per_plane = bytes_per_row * Common::DivideUp(height, 4U);
+                    f(output.data() + z * bytes_per_plane + (y / 4) * bytes_per_row +
+                          (x / 4) * BytesPerBlock,
+                      reinterpret_cast<u8*>(input_colors), any_alpha);
+                }
+            };
+            workers.QueueWork(std::move(compress_row));
+        }
+        workers.WaitForRequests();
+    }
+}
+
+void CompressBC1(std::span<const uint8_t> data, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t depth,
+                 std::span<uint8_t> output) {
+    CompressBCN<8, true>(data, width, height, depth, output,
+                         [](u8* block_output, const u8* block_input, bool any_alpha) {
+                             stb_compress_bc1_block(block_output, block_input, any_alpha,
+                                                    STB_DXT_NORMAL);
+                         });
+}
+
+void CompressBC3(std::span<const uint8_t> data, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t depth,
+                 std::span<uint8_t> output) {
+    CompressBCN<16, false>(data, width, height, depth, output,
+                           [](u8* block_output, const u8* block_input, bool any_alpha) {
+                               stb_compress_bc3_block(block_output, block_input, STB_DXT_NORMAL);
+                           });
+}
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Texture::BCN
diff --git a/src/video_core/textures/bcn.h b/src/video_core/textures/bcn.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6464af885
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/textures/bcn.h
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <span>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+namespace Tegra::Texture::BCN {
+
+void CompressBC1(std::span<const uint8_t> data, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t depth,
+                 std::span<uint8_t> output);
+
+void CompressBC3(std::span<const uint8_t> data, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t depth,
+                 std::span<uint8_t> output);
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Texture::BCN
diff --git a/src/video_core/textures/workers.cpp b/src/video_core/textures/workers.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a71c305f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/textures/workers.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include "video_core/textures/workers.h"
+
+namespace Tegra::Texture {
+
+Common::ThreadWorker& GetThreadWorkers() {
+    static Common::ThreadWorker workers{std::max(std::thread::hardware_concurrency(), 2U) / 2,
+                                        "ImageTranscode"};
+
+    return workers;
+}
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Texture
diff --git a/src/video_core/textures/workers.h b/src/video_core/textures/workers.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..008dd05b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/textures/workers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2023 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/thread_worker.h"
+
+namespace Tegra::Texture {
+
+Common::ThreadWorker& GetThreadWorkers();
+
+}
diff --git a/src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_device.cpp b/src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_device.cpp
index f6e6f2736..3a7c2dedf 100644
--- a/src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_device.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/vulkan_common/vulkan_device.cpp
@@ -1001,6 +1001,11 @@ u64 Device::GetDeviceMemoryUsage() const {
 }
 
 void Device::CollectPhysicalMemoryInfo() {
+    // Account for resolution scaling in memory limits
+    const size_t normal_memory = 6_GiB;
+    const size_t scaler_memory = 1_GiB * Settings::values.resolution_info.ScaleUp(1);
+
+    // Calculate limits using memory budget
     VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryBudgetPropertiesEXT budget{};
     budget.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_MEMORY_BUDGET_PROPERTIES_EXT;
     const auto mem_info =
@@ -1030,11 +1035,12 @@ void Device::CollectPhysicalMemoryInfo() {
     if (!is_integrated) {
         const u64 reserve_memory = std::min<u64>(device_access_memory / 8, 1_GiB);
         device_access_memory -= reserve_memory;
+        device_access_memory = std::min<u64>(device_access_memory, normal_memory + scaler_memory);
         return;
     }
     const s64 available_memory = static_cast<s64>(device_access_memory - device_initial_usage);
     device_access_memory = static_cast<u64>(std::max<s64>(
-        std::min<s64>(available_memory - 8_GiB, 4_GiB), static_cast<s64>(local_memory)));
+        std::min<s64>(available_memory - 8_GiB, 4_GiB), std::min<s64>(local_memory, 4_GiB)));
 }
 
 void Device::CollectToolingInfo() {
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/config.cpp b/src/yuzu/configuration/config.cpp
index 70737c54e..662651196 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/config.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/config.cpp
@@ -711,6 +711,7 @@ void Config::ReadRendererValues() {
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.nvdec_emulation);
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.accelerate_astc);
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.async_astc);
+    ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.astc_recompression);
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.use_reactive_flushing);
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.shader_backend);
     ReadGlobalSetting(Settings::values.use_asynchronous_shaders);
@@ -1359,6 +1360,10 @@ void Config::SaveRendererValues() {
                  Settings::values.nvdec_emulation.UsingGlobal());
     WriteGlobalSetting(Settings::values.accelerate_astc);
     WriteGlobalSetting(Settings::values.async_astc);
+    WriteSetting(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetLabel()),
+                 static_cast<u32>(Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetValue(global)),
+                 static_cast<u32>(Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetDefault()),
+                 Settings::values.astc_recompression.UsingGlobal());
     WriteGlobalSetting(Settings::values.use_reactive_flushing);
     WriteSetting(QString::fromStdString(Settings::values.shader_backend.GetLabel()),
                  static_cast<u32>(Settings::values.shader_backend.GetValue(global)),
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/config.h b/src/yuzu/configuration/config.h
index 7d26e9ab6..9cb9db6cf 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/config.h
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/config.h
@@ -208,3 +208,4 @@ Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(Settings::ScalingFilter);
 Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(Settings::AntiAliasing);
 Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(Settings::RendererBackend);
 Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(Settings::ShaderBackend);
+Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(Settings::AstcRecompression);
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics_advanced.cpp b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics_advanced.cpp
index 1f3e489d0..896863f87 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics_advanced.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics_advanced.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ void ConfigureGraphicsAdvanced::SetConfiguration() {
     ui->async_present->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
     ui->renderer_force_max_clock->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
     ui->async_astc->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
+    ui->astc_recompression_combobox->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
     ui->use_asynchronous_shaders->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
     ui->anisotropic_filtering_combobox->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
     ui->enable_compute_pipelines_checkbox->setEnabled(runtime_lock);
@@ -47,14 +48,20 @@ void ConfigureGraphicsAdvanced::SetConfiguration() {
             static_cast<int>(Settings::values.gpu_accuracy.GetValue()));
         ui->anisotropic_filtering_combobox->setCurrentIndex(
             Settings::values.max_anisotropy.GetValue());
+        ui->astc_recompression_combobox->setCurrentIndex(
+            static_cast<int>(Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetValue()));
     } else {
         ConfigurationShared::SetPerGameSetting(ui->gpu_accuracy, &Settings::values.gpu_accuracy);
         ConfigurationShared::SetPerGameSetting(ui->anisotropic_filtering_combobox,
                                                &Settings::values.max_anisotropy);
+        ConfigurationShared::SetPerGameSetting(ui->astc_recompression_combobox,
+                                               &Settings::values.astc_recompression);
         ConfigurationShared::SetHighlight(ui->label_gpu_accuracy,
                                           !Settings::values.gpu_accuracy.UsingGlobal());
         ConfigurationShared::SetHighlight(ui->af_label,
                                           !Settings::values.max_anisotropy.UsingGlobal());
+        ConfigurationShared::SetHighlight(ui->label_astc_recompression,
+                                          !Settings::values.astc_recompression.UsingGlobal());
     }
 }
 
@@ -71,6 +78,8 @@ void ConfigureGraphicsAdvanced::ApplyConfiguration() {
                                              ui->use_reactive_flushing, use_reactive_flushing);
     ConfigurationShared::ApplyPerGameSetting(&Settings::values.async_astc, ui->async_astc,
                                              async_astc);
+    ConfigurationShared::ApplyPerGameSetting(&Settings::values.astc_recompression,
+                                             ui->astc_recompression_combobox);
     ConfigurationShared::ApplyPerGameSetting(&Settings::values.use_asynchronous_shaders,
                                              ui->use_asynchronous_shaders,
                                              use_asynchronous_shaders);
@@ -105,6 +114,8 @@ void ConfigureGraphicsAdvanced::SetupPerGameUI() {
             Settings::values.renderer_force_max_clock.UsingGlobal());
         ui->use_reactive_flushing->setEnabled(Settings::values.use_reactive_flushing.UsingGlobal());
         ui->async_astc->setEnabled(Settings::values.async_astc.UsingGlobal());
+        ui->astc_recompression_combobox->setEnabled(
+            Settings::values.astc_recompression.UsingGlobal());
         ui->use_asynchronous_shaders->setEnabled(
             Settings::values.use_asynchronous_shaders.UsingGlobal());
         ui->use_fast_gpu_time->setEnabled(Settings::values.use_fast_gpu_time.UsingGlobal());
@@ -144,6 +155,9 @@ void ConfigureGraphicsAdvanced::SetupPerGameUI() {
     ConfigurationShared::SetColoredComboBox(
         ui->anisotropic_filtering_combobox, ui->af_label,
         static_cast<int>(Settings::values.max_anisotropy.GetValue(true)));
+    ConfigurationShared::SetColoredComboBox(
+        ui->astc_recompression_combobox, ui->label_astc_recompression,
+        static_cast<int>(Settings::values.astc_recompression.GetValue(true)));
 }
 
 void ConfigureGraphicsAdvanced::ExposeComputeOption() {
diff --git a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics_advanced.ui b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics_advanced.ui
index 9ef7c8e8f..37757a918 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics_advanced.ui
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/configure_graphics_advanced.ui
@@ -70,6 +70,50 @@
          </widget>
         </item>
         <item>
+         <widget class="QWidget" name="astc_recompression_layout" native="true">
+          <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout_3">
+            <property name="leftMargin">
+              <number>0</number>
+            </property>
+            <property name="topMargin">
+              <number>0</number>
+            </property>
+            <property name="rightMargin">
+              <number>0</number>
+            </property>
+            <property name="bottomMargin">
+              <number>0</number>
+            </property>
+            <item>
+              <widget class="QLabel" name="label_astc_recompression">
+              <property name="text">
+                <string>ASTC recompression:</string>
+              </property>
+              </widget>
+            </item>
+            <item>
+              <widget class="QComboBox" name="astc_recompression_combobox">
+                <item>
+                <property name="text">
+                  <string>Uncompressed (Best quality)</string>
+                </property>
+                </item>
+                <item>
+                <property name="text">
+                  <string>BC1 (Low quality)</string>
+                </property>
+                </item>
+                <item>
+                <property name="text">
+                  <string>BC3 (Medium quality)</string>
+                </property>
+                </item>
+              </widget>
+            </item>
+          </layout>
+         </widget>
+        </item>
+        <item>
          <widget class="QCheckBox" name="async_present">
           <property name="text">
            <string>Enable asynchronous presentation (Vulkan only)</string>
diff --git a/src/yuzu_cmd/config.cpp b/src/yuzu_cmd/config.cpp
index dc9a3d68f..c5bc472ca 100644
--- a/src/yuzu_cmd/config.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu_cmd/config.cpp
@@ -318,6 +318,7 @@ void Config::ReadValues() {
     ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.nvdec_emulation);
     ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.accelerate_astc);
     ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.async_astc);
+    ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.astc_recompression);
     ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.use_fast_gpu_time);
     ReadSetting("Renderer", Settings::values.use_vulkan_driver_pipeline_cache);
 
diff --git a/src/yuzu_cmd/default_ini.h b/src/yuzu_cmd/default_ini.h
index 5e7c3ac04..644a30e59 100644
--- a/src/yuzu_cmd/default_ini.h
+++ b/src/yuzu_cmd/default_ini.h
@@ -360,6 +360,10 @@ accelerate_astc =
 # 0 (default): Off, 1: On
 async_astc =
 
+# Recompress ASTC textures to a different format.
+# 0 (default): Uncompressed, 1: BC1 (Low quality), 2: BC3: (Medium quality)
+async_astc =
+
 # Turns on the speed limiter, which will limit the emulation speed to the desired speed limit value
 # 0: Off, 1: On (default)
 use_speed_limit =