16 files changed, 537 insertions, 407 deletions

diff --git a/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt b/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
index cd32c65d3..7c18c27b3 100644
--- a/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 add_library(video_core STATIC
+    buffer_cache.h
     dma_pusher.cpp
     dma_pusher.h
     debug_utils/debug_utils.cpp
@@ -43,8 +44,6 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     renderer_opengl/gl_device.h
     renderer_opengl/gl_framebuffer_cache.cpp
     renderer_opengl/gl_framebuffer_cache.h
-    renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.cpp
-    renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.h
     renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
     renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h
     renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.cpp
diff --git a/src/video_core/buffer_cache.h b/src/video_core/buffer_cache.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6f868b8b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/buffer_cache.h
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/alignment.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "core/core.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/rasterizer_cache.h"
+
+namespace VideoCore {
+class RasterizerInterface;
+}
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+template <typename BufferStorageType>
+class CachedBuffer final : public RasterizerCacheObject {
+public:
+    explicit CachedBuffer(VAddr cpu_addr, u8* host_ptr)
+        : RasterizerCacheObject{host_ptr}, host_ptr{host_ptr}, cpu_addr{cpu_addr} {}
+    ~CachedBuffer() override = default;
+
+    VAddr GetCpuAddr() const override {
+        return cpu_addr;
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetSizeInBytes() const override {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    u8* GetWritableHostPtr() const {
+        return host_ptr;
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetSize() const {
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetCapacity() const {
+        return capacity;
+    }
+
+    bool IsInternalized() const {
+        return is_internal;
+    }
+
+    const BufferStorageType& GetBuffer() const {
+        return buffer;
+    }
+
+    void SetSize(std::size_t new_size) {
+        size = new_size;
+    }
+
+    void SetInternalState(bool is_internal_) {
+        is_internal = is_internal_;
+    }
+
+    BufferStorageType ExchangeBuffer(BufferStorageType buffer_, std::size_t new_capacity) {
+        capacity = new_capacity;
+        std::swap(buffer, buffer_);
+        return buffer_;
+    }
+
+private:
+    u8* host_ptr{};
+    VAddr cpu_addr{};
+    std::size_t size{};
+    std::size_t capacity{};
+    bool is_internal{};
+    BufferStorageType buffer;
+};
+
+template <typename BufferStorageType, typename BufferType, typename StreamBuffer>
+class BufferCache : public RasterizerCache<std::shared_ptr<CachedBuffer<BufferStorageType>>> {
+public:
+    using Buffer = std::shared_ptr<CachedBuffer<BufferStorageType>>;
+    using BufferInfo = std::pair<const BufferType*, u64>;
+
+    explicit BufferCache(VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer, Core::System& system,
+                         std::unique_ptr<StreamBuffer> stream_buffer)
+        : RasterizerCache<Buffer>{rasterizer}, system{system},
+          stream_buffer{std::move(stream_buffer)}, stream_buffer_handle{
+                                                       this->stream_buffer->GetHandle()} {}
+    ~BufferCache() = default;
+
+    void Unregister(const Buffer& entry) override {
+        std::lock_guard lock{RasterizerCache<Buffer>::mutex};
+        if (entry->IsInternalized()) {
+            internalized_entries.erase(entry->GetCacheAddr());
+        }
+        ReserveBuffer(entry);
+        RasterizerCache<Buffer>::Unregister(entry);
+    }
+
+    void TickFrame() {
+        marked_for_destruction_index =
+            (marked_for_destruction_index + 1) % marked_for_destruction_ring_buffer.size();
+        MarkedForDestruction().clear();
+    }
+
+    BufferInfo UploadMemory(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, std::size_t size, std::size_t alignment = 4,
+                            bool internalize = false, bool is_written = false) {
+        std::lock_guard lock{RasterizerCache<Buffer>::mutex};
+
+        auto& memory_manager = system.GPU().MemoryManager();
+        const auto host_ptr = memory_manager.GetPointer(gpu_addr);
+        if (!host_ptr) {
+            return {GetEmptyBuffer(size), 0};
+        }
+        const auto cache_addr = ToCacheAddr(host_ptr);
+
+        // Cache management is a big overhead, so only cache entries with a given size.
+        // TODO: Figure out which size is the best for given games.
+        constexpr std::size_t max_stream_size = 0x800;
+        if (!internalize && size < max_stream_size &&
+            internalized_entries.find(cache_addr) == internalized_entries.end()) {
+            return StreamBufferUpload(host_ptr, size, alignment);
+        }
+
+        auto entry = RasterizerCache<Buffer>::TryGet(cache_addr);
+        if (!entry) {
+            return FixedBufferUpload(gpu_addr, host_ptr, size, internalize, is_written);
+        }
+
+        if (entry->GetSize() < size) {
+            IncreaseBufferSize(entry, size);
+        }
+        if (is_written) {
+            entry->MarkAsModified(true, *this);
+        }
+        return {ToHandle(entry->GetBuffer()), 0};
+    }
+
+    /// Uploads from a host memory. Returns the OpenGL buffer where it's located and its offset.
+    BufferInfo UploadHostMemory(const void* raw_pointer, std::size_t size,
+                                std::size_t alignment = 4) {
+        std::lock_guard lock{RasterizerCache<Buffer>::mutex};
+        return StreamBufferUpload(raw_pointer, size, alignment);
+    }
+
+    void Map(std::size_t max_size) {
+        std::tie(buffer_ptr, buffer_offset_base, invalidated) = stream_buffer->Map(max_size, 4);
+        buffer_offset = buffer_offset_base;
+    }
+
+    /// Finishes the upload stream, returns true on bindings invalidation.
+    bool Unmap() {
+        stream_buffer->Unmap(buffer_offset - buffer_offset_base);
+        return std::exchange(invalidated, false);
+    }
+
+    virtual const BufferType* GetEmptyBuffer(std::size_t size) = 0;
+
+protected:
+    void FlushObjectInner(const Buffer& entry) override {
+        DownloadBufferData(entry->GetBuffer(), 0, entry->GetSize(), entry->GetWritableHostPtr());
+    }
+
+    virtual BufferStorageType CreateBuffer(std::size_t size) = 0;
+
+    virtual const BufferType* ToHandle(const BufferStorageType& storage) = 0;
+
+    virtual void UploadBufferData(const BufferStorageType& buffer, std::size_t offset,
+                                  std::size_t size, const u8* data) = 0;
+
+    virtual void DownloadBufferData(const BufferStorageType& buffer, std::size_t offset,
+                                    std::size_t size, u8* data) = 0;
+
+    virtual void CopyBufferData(const BufferStorageType& src, const BufferStorageType& dst,
+                                std::size_t src_offset, std::size_t dst_offset,
+                                std::size_t size) = 0;
+
+private:
+    BufferInfo StreamBufferUpload(const void* raw_pointer, std::size_t size,
+                                  std::size_t alignment) {
+        AlignBuffer(alignment);
+        const std::size_t uploaded_offset = buffer_offset;
+        std::memcpy(buffer_ptr, raw_pointer, size);
+
+        buffer_ptr += size;
+        buffer_offset += size;
+        return {&stream_buffer_handle, uploaded_offset};
+    }
+
+    BufferInfo FixedBufferUpload(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, u8* host_ptr, std::size_t size,
+                                 bool internalize, bool is_written) {
+        auto& memory_manager = Core::System::GetInstance().GPU().MemoryManager();
+        const auto cpu_addr = memory_manager.GpuToCpuAddress(gpu_addr);
+        ASSERT(cpu_addr);
+
+        auto entry = GetUncachedBuffer(*cpu_addr, host_ptr);
+        entry->SetSize(size);
+        entry->SetInternalState(internalize);
+        RasterizerCache<Buffer>::Register(entry);
+
+        if (internalize) {
+            internalized_entries.emplace(ToCacheAddr(host_ptr));
+        }
+        if (is_written) {
+            entry->MarkAsModified(true, *this);
+        }
+
+        if (entry->GetCapacity() < size) {
+            MarkedForDestruction().push_back(entry->ExchangeBuffer(CreateBuffer(size), size));
+        }
+
+        UploadBufferData(entry->GetBuffer(), 0, size, host_ptr);
+        return {ToHandle(entry->GetBuffer()), 0};
+    }
+
+    void IncreaseBufferSize(Buffer& entry, std::size_t new_size) {
+        const std::size_t old_size = entry->GetSize();
+        if (entry->GetCapacity() < new_size) {
+            const auto& old_buffer = entry->GetBuffer();
+            auto new_buffer = CreateBuffer(new_size);
+
+            // Copy bits from the old buffer to the new buffer.
+            CopyBufferData(old_buffer, new_buffer, 0, 0, old_size);
+            MarkedForDestruction().push_back(
+                entry->ExchangeBuffer(std::move(new_buffer), new_size));
+
+            // This buffer could have been used
+            invalidated = true;
+        }
+        // Upload the new bits.
+        const std::size_t size_diff = new_size - old_size;
+        UploadBufferData(entry->GetBuffer(), old_size, size_diff, entry->GetHostPtr() + old_size);
+
+        // Update entry's size in the object and in the cache.
+        Unregister(entry);
+
+        entry->SetSize(new_size);
+        RasterizerCache<Buffer>::Register(entry);
+    }
+
+    Buffer GetUncachedBuffer(VAddr cpu_addr, u8* host_ptr) {
+        if (auto entry = TryGetReservedBuffer(host_ptr)) {
+            return entry;
+        }
+        return std::make_shared<CachedBuffer<BufferStorageType>>(cpu_addr, host_ptr);
+    }
+
+    Buffer TryGetReservedBuffer(u8* host_ptr) {
+        const auto it = buffer_reserve.find(ToCacheAddr(host_ptr));
+        if (it == buffer_reserve.end()) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        auto& reserve = it->second;
+        auto entry = reserve.back();
+        reserve.pop_back();
+        return entry;
+    }
+
+    void ReserveBuffer(Buffer entry) {
+        buffer_reserve[entry->GetCacheAddr()].push_back(std::move(entry));
+    }
+
+    void AlignBuffer(std::size_t alignment) {
+        // Align the offset, not the mapped pointer
+        const std::size_t offset_aligned = Common::AlignUp(buffer_offset, alignment);
+        buffer_ptr += offset_aligned - buffer_offset;
+        buffer_offset = offset_aligned;
+    }
+
+    std::vector<BufferStorageType>& MarkedForDestruction() {
+        return marked_for_destruction_ring_buffer[marked_for_destruction_index];
+    }
+
+    Core::System& system;
+
+    std::unique_ptr<StreamBuffer> stream_buffer;
+    BufferType stream_buffer_handle{};
+
+    bool invalidated = false;
+
+    u8* buffer_ptr = nullptr;
+    u64 buffer_offset = 0;
+    u64 buffer_offset_base = 0;
+
+    std::size_t marked_for_destruction_index = 0;
+    std::array<std::vector<BufferStorageType>, 4> marked_for_destruction_ring_buffer;
+
+    std::unordered_set<CacheAddr> internalized_entries;
+    std::unordered_map<CacheAddr, std::vector<Buffer>> buffer_reserve;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon
diff --git a/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h b/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h
index 13e314944..8d15c8a48 100644
--- a/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h
+++ b/src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ public:
         static constexpr std::size_t MaxShaderStage = 5;
         // Maximum number of const buffers per shader stage.
         static constexpr std::size_t MaxConstBuffers = 18;
+        static constexpr std::size_t MaxConstBufferSize = 0x10000;
 
         enum class QueryMode : u32 {
             Write = 0,
diff --git a/src/video_core/rasterizer_interface.h b/src/video_core/rasterizer_interface.h
index 5ee4f8e8e..2b7367568 100644
--- a/src/video_core/rasterizer_interface.h
+++ b/src/video_core/rasterizer_interface.h
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@ public:
     /// and invalidated
     virtual void FlushAndInvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) = 0;
 
+    /// Notify rasterizer that a frame is about to finish
+    virtual void TickFrame() = 0;
+
     /// Attempt to use a faster method to perform a surface copy
     virtual bool AccelerateSurfaceCopy(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& src,
                                        const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& dst,
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.cpp
index 2b9bd142e..2a9b523f5 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.cpp
@@ -2,103 +2,57 @@
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
-#include <cstring>
 #include <memory>
 
-#include "common/alignment.h"
-#include "core/core.h"
-#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+#include <glad/glad.h>
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h"
 
 namespace OpenGL {
 
-CachedBufferEntry::CachedBufferEntry(VAddr cpu_addr, std::size_t size, GLintptr offset,
-                                     std::size_t alignment, u8* host_ptr)
-    : RasterizerCacheObject{host_ptr}, cpu_addr{cpu_addr}, size{size}, offset{offset},
-      alignment{alignment} {}
-
-OGLBufferCache::OGLBufferCache(RasterizerOpenGL& rasterizer, std::size_t size)
-    : RasterizerCache{rasterizer}, stream_buffer(size, true) {}
-
-GLintptr OGLBufferCache::UploadMemory(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, std::size_t size, std::size_t alignment,
-                                      bool cache) {
-    std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
-    auto& memory_manager = Core::System::GetInstance().GPU().MemoryManager();
-
-    // Cache management is a big overhead, so only cache entries with a given size.
-    // TODO: Figure out which size is the best for given games.
-    cache &= size >= 2048;
-
-    const auto& host_ptr{memory_manager.GetPointer(gpu_addr)};
-    if (cache) {
-        auto entry = TryGet(host_ptr);
-        if (entry) {
-            if (entry->GetSize() >= size && entry->GetAlignment() == alignment) {
-                return entry->GetOffset();
-            }
-            Unregister(entry);
-        }
-    }
+OGLBufferCache::OGLBufferCache(RasterizerOpenGL& rasterizer, Core::System& system,
+                               std::size_t stream_size)
+    : VideoCommon::BufferCache<OGLBuffer, GLuint, OGLStreamBuffer>{
+          rasterizer, system, std::make_unique<OGLStreamBuffer>(stream_size, true)} {}
 
-    AlignBuffer(alignment);
-    const GLintptr uploaded_offset = buffer_offset;
+OGLBufferCache::~OGLBufferCache() = default;
 
-    if (!host_ptr) {
-        return uploaded_offset;
-    }
-
-    std::memcpy(buffer_ptr, host_ptr, size);
-    buffer_ptr += size;
-    buffer_offset += size;
-
-    if (cache) {
-        auto entry = std::make_shared<CachedBufferEntry>(
-            *memory_manager.GpuToCpuAddress(gpu_addr), size, uploaded_offset, alignment, host_ptr);
-        Register(entry);
-    }
-
-    return uploaded_offset;
+OGLBuffer OGLBufferCache::CreateBuffer(std::size_t size) {
+    OGLBuffer buffer;
+    buffer.Create();
+    glNamedBufferData(buffer.handle, static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(size), nullptr, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
+    return buffer;
 }
 
-GLintptr OGLBufferCache::UploadHostMemory(const void* raw_pointer, std::size_t size,
-                                          std::size_t alignment) {
-    std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
-    AlignBuffer(alignment);
-    std::memcpy(buffer_ptr, raw_pointer, size);
-    const GLintptr uploaded_offset = buffer_offset;
-
-    buffer_ptr += size;
-    buffer_offset += size;
-    return uploaded_offset;
+const GLuint* OGLBufferCache::ToHandle(const OGLBuffer& buffer) {
+    return &buffer.handle;
 }
 
-bool OGLBufferCache::Map(std::size_t max_size) {
-    bool invalidate;
-    std::tie(buffer_ptr, buffer_offset_base, invalidate) =
-        stream_buffer.Map(static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(max_size), 4);
-    buffer_offset = buffer_offset_base;
-
-    if (invalidate) {
-        InvalidateAll();
-    }
-    return invalidate;
+const GLuint* OGLBufferCache::GetEmptyBuffer(std::size_t) {
+    static const GLuint null_buffer = 0;
+    return &null_buffer;
 }
 
-void OGLBufferCache::Unmap() {
-    stream_buffer.Unmap(buffer_offset - buffer_offset_base);
+void OGLBufferCache::UploadBufferData(const OGLBuffer& buffer, std::size_t offset, std::size_t size,
+                                      const u8* data) {
+    glNamedBufferSubData(buffer.handle, static_cast<GLintptr>(offset),
+                         static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(size), data);
 }
 
-GLuint OGLBufferCache::GetHandle() const {
-    return stream_buffer.GetHandle();
+void OGLBufferCache::DownloadBufferData(const OGLBuffer& buffer, std::size_t offset,
+                                        std::size_t size, u8* data) {
+    glGetNamedBufferSubData(buffer.handle, static_cast<GLintptr>(offset),
+                            static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(size), data);
 }
 
-void OGLBufferCache::AlignBuffer(std::size_t alignment) {
-    // Align the offset, not the mapped pointer
-    const GLintptr offset_aligned =
-        static_cast<GLintptr>(Common::AlignUp(static_cast<std::size_t>(buffer_offset), alignment));
-    buffer_ptr += offset_aligned - buffer_offset;
-    buffer_offset = offset_aligned;
+void OGLBufferCache::CopyBufferData(const OGLBuffer& src, const OGLBuffer& dst,
+                                    std::size_t src_offset, std::size_t dst_offset,
+                                    std::size_t size) {
+    glCopyNamedBufferSubData(src.handle, dst.handle, static_cast<GLintptr>(src_offset),
+                             static_cast<GLintptr>(dst_offset), static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(size));
 }
 
 } // namespace OpenGL
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h
index f2347581b..8c8ac4038 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h
@@ -4,80 +4,44 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <cstddef>
 #include <memory>
-#include <tuple>
 
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/buffer_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/rasterizer_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_stream_buffer.h"
 
+namespace Core {
+class System;
+}
+
 namespace OpenGL {
 
+class OGLStreamBuffer;
 class RasterizerOpenGL;
 
-class CachedBufferEntry final : public RasterizerCacheObject {
-public:
-    explicit CachedBufferEntry(VAddr cpu_addr, std::size_t size, GLintptr offset,
-                               std::size_t alignment, u8* host_ptr);
-
-    VAddr GetCpuAddr() const override {
-        return cpu_addr;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetSizeInBytes() const override {
-        return size;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetSize() const {
-        return size;
-    }
-
-    GLintptr GetOffset() const {
-        return offset;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetAlignment() const {
-        return alignment;
-    }
-
-private:
-    VAddr cpu_addr{};
-    std::size_t size{};
-    GLintptr offset{};
-    std::size_t alignment{};
-};
-
-class OGLBufferCache final : public RasterizerCache<std::shared_ptr<CachedBufferEntry>> {
+class OGLBufferCache final : public VideoCommon::BufferCache<OGLBuffer, GLuint, OGLStreamBuffer> {
 public:
-    explicit OGLBufferCache(RasterizerOpenGL& rasterizer, std::size_t size);
-
-    /// Uploads data from a guest GPU address. Returns host's buffer offset where it's been
-    /// allocated.
-    GLintptr UploadMemory(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, std::size_t size, std::size_t alignment = 4,
-                          bool cache = true);
+    explicit OGLBufferCache(RasterizerOpenGL& rasterizer, Core::System& system,
+                            std::size_t stream_size);
+    ~OGLBufferCache();
 
-    /// Uploads from a host memory. Returns host's buffer offset where it's been allocated.
-    GLintptr UploadHostMemory(const void* raw_pointer, std::size_t size, std::size_t alignment = 4);
-
-    bool Map(std::size_t max_size);
-    void Unmap();
-
-    GLuint GetHandle() const;
+    const GLuint* GetEmptyBuffer(std::size_t) override;
 
 protected:
-    void AlignBuffer(std::size_t alignment);
+    OGLBuffer CreateBuffer(std::size_t size) override;
+
+    const GLuint* ToHandle(const OGLBuffer& buffer) override;
 
-    // We do not have to flush this cache as things in it are never modified by us.
-    void FlushObjectInner(const std::shared_ptr<CachedBufferEntry>& object) override {}
+    void UploadBufferData(const OGLBuffer& buffer, std::size_t offset, std::size_t size,
+                          const u8* data) override;
 
-private:
-    OGLStreamBuffer stream_buffer;
+    void DownloadBufferData(const OGLBuffer& buffer, std::size_t offset, std::size_t size,
+                            u8* data) override;
 
-    u8* buffer_ptr = nullptr;
-    GLintptr buffer_offset = 0;
-    GLintptr buffer_offset_base = 0;
+    void CopyBufferData(const OGLBuffer& src, const OGLBuffer& dst, std::size_t src_offset,
+                        std::size_t dst_offset, std::size_t size) override;
 };
 
 } // namespace OpenGL
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.cpp
index a48e14d2e..6238ddaaa 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ T GetInteger(GLenum pname) {
 
 Device::Device() {
     uniform_buffer_alignment = GetInteger<std::size_t>(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER_OFFSET_ALIGNMENT);
+    shader_storage_alignment = GetInteger<std::size_t>(GL_SHADER_STORAGE_BUFFER_OFFSET_ALIGNMENT);
     max_vertex_attributes = GetInteger<u32>(GL_MAX_VERTEX_ATTRIBS);
     max_varyings = GetInteger<u32>(GL_MAX_VARYING_VECTORS);
     has_variable_aoffi = TestVariableAoffi();
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.h b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.h
index 8c8c93760..939edb440 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.h
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ public:
         return uniform_buffer_alignment;
     }
 
+    std::size_t GetShaderStorageBufferAlignment() const {
+        return shader_storage_alignment;
+    }
+
     u32 GetMaxVertexAttributes() const {
         return max_vertex_attributes;
     }
@@ -39,6 +43,7 @@ private:
     static bool TestComponentIndexingBug();
 
     std::size_t uniform_buffer_alignment{};
+    std::size_t shader_storage_alignment{};
     u32 max_vertex_attributes{};
     u32 max_varyings{};
     bool has_variable_aoffi{};
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index d5e385151..000000000
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,102 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
-// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
-// Refer to the license.txt file included.
-
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-
-#include "common/logging/log.h"
-#include "core/core.h"
-#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
-#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.h"
-#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h"
-#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_decompiler.h"
-#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.h"
-
-namespace OpenGL {
-
-CachedGlobalRegion::CachedGlobalRegion(VAddr cpu_addr, u8* host_ptr, u32 size, u32 max_size)
-    : RasterizerCacheObject{host_ptr}, cpu_addr{cpu_addr}, host_ptr{host_ptr}, size{size},
-      max_size{max_size} {
-    buffer.Create();
-    LabelGLObject(GL_BUFFER, buffer.handle, cpu_addr, "GlobalMemory");
-}
-
-CachedGlobalRegion::~CachedGlobalRegion() = default;
-
-void CachedGlobalRegion::Reload(u32 size_) {
-    size = size_;
-    if (size > max_size) {
-        size = max_size;
-        LOG_CRITICAL(HW_GPU, "Global region size {} exceeded the supported size {}!", size_,
-                     max_size);
-    }
-    glNamedBufferData(buffer.handle, size, host_ptr, GL_STREAM_DRAW);
-}
-
-void CachedGlobalRegion::Flush() {
-    LOG_DEBUG(Render_OpenGL, "Flushing {} bytes to CPU memory address 0x{:16}", size, cpu_addr);
-    glGetNamedBufferSubData(buffer.handle, 0, static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(size), host_ptr);
-}
-
-GlobalRegion GlobalRegionCacheOpenGL::TryGetReservedGlobalRegion(CacheAddr addr, u32 size) const {
-    const auto search{reserve.find(addr)};
-    if (search == reserve.end()) {
-        return {};
-    }
-    return search->second;
-}
-
-GlobalRegion GlobalRegionCacheOpenGL::GetUncachedGlobalRegion(GPUVAddr addr, u8* host_ptr,
-                                                              u32 size) {
-    GlobalRegion region{TryGetReservedGlobalRegion(ToCacheAddr(host_ptr), size)};
-    if (!region) {
-        // No reserved surface available, create a new one and reserve it
-        auto& memory_manager{Core::System::GetInstance().GPU().MemoryManager()};
-        const auto cpu_addr{memory_manager.GpuToCpuAddress(addr)};
-        ASSERT(cpu_addr);
-
-        region = std::make_shared<CachedGlobalRegion>(*cpu_addr, host_ptr, size, max_ssbo_size);
-        ReserveGlobalRegion(region);
-    }
-    region->Reload(size);
-    return region;
-}
-
-void GlobalRegionCacheOpenGL::ReserveGlobalRegion(GlobalRegion region) {
-    reserve.insert_or_assign(region->GetCacheAddr(), std::move(region));
-}
-
-GlobalRegionCacheOpenGL::GlobalRegionCacheOpenGL(RasterizerOpenGL& rasterizer)
-    : RasterizerCache{rasterizer} {
-    GLint max_ssbo_size_;
-    glGetIntegerv(GL_MAX_SHADER_STORAGE_BLOCK_SIZE, &max_ssbo_size_);
-    max_ssbo_size = static_cast<u32>(max_ssbo_size_);
-}
-
-GlobalRegion GlobalRegionCacheOpenGL::GetGlobalRegion(
-    const GLShader::GlobalMemoryEntry& global_region,
-    Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::ShaderStage stage) {
-    std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
-
-    auto& gpu{Core::System::GetInstance().GPU()};
-    auto& memory_manager{gpu.MemoryManager()};
-    const auto cbufs{gpu.Maxwell3D().state.shader_stages[static_cast<std::size_t>(stage)]};
-    const auto addr{cbufs.const_buffers[global_region.GetCbufIndex()].address +
-                    global_region.GetCbufOffset()};
-    const auto actual_addr{memory_manager.Read<u64>(addr)};
-    const auto size{memory_manager.Read<u32>(addr + 8)};
-
-    // Look up global region in the cache based on address
-    const auto& host_ptr{memory_manager.GetPointer(actual_addr)};
-    GlobalRegion region{TryGet(host_ptr)};
-
-    if (!region) {
-        // No global region found - create a new one
-        region = GetUncachedGlobalRegion(actual_addr, host_ptr, size);
-        Register(region);
-    }
-
-    return region;
-}
-
-} // namespace OpenGL
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.h b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 2d467a240..000000000
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
-// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
-// Refer to the license.txt file included.
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <memory>
-#include <unordered_map>
-
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-
-#include "common/assert.h"
-#include "common/common_types.h"
-#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
-#include "video_core/rasterizer_cache.h"
-#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h"
-
-namespace OpenGL {
-
-namespace GLShader {
-class GlobalMemoryEntry;
-}
-
-class RasterizerOpenGL;
-class CachedGlobalRegion;
-using GlobalRegion = std::shared_ptr<CachedGlobalRegion>;
-
-class CachedGlobalRegion final : public RasterizerCacheObject {
-public:
-    explicit CachedGlobalRegion(VAddr cpu_addr, u8* host_ptr, u32 size, u32 max_size);
-    ~CachedGlobalRegion();
-
-    VAddr GetCpuAddr() const override {
-        return cpu_addr;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetSizeInBytes() const override {
-        return size;
-    }
-
-    /// Gets the GL program handle for the buffer
-    GLuint GetBufferHandle() const {
-        return buffer.handle;
-    }
-
-    /// Reloads the global region from guest memory
-    void Reload(u32 size_);
-
-    void Flush();
-
-private:
-    VAddr cpu_addr{};
-    u8* host_ptr{};
-    u32 size{};
-    u32 max_size{};
-
-    OGLBuffer buffer;
-};
-
-class GlobalRegionCacheOpenGL final : public RasterizerCache<GlobalRegion> {
-public:
-    explicit GlobalRegionCacheOpenGL(RasterizerOpenGL& rasterizer);
-
-    /// Gets the current specified shader stage program
-    GlobalRegion GetGlobalRegion(const GLShader::GlobalMemoryEntry& descriptor,
-                                 Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::ShaderStage stage);
-
-protected:
-    void FlushObjectInner(const GlobalRegion& object) override {
-        object->Flush();
-    }
-
-private:
-    GlobalRegion TryGetReservedGlobalRegion(CacheAddr addr, u32 size) const;
-    GlobalRegion GetUncachedGlobalRegion(GPUVAddr addr, u8* host_ptr, u32 size);
-    void ReserveGlobalRegion(GlobalRegion region);
-
-    std::unordered_map<CacheAddr, GlobalRegion> reserve;
-    u32 max_ssbo_size{};
-};
-
-} // namespace OpenGL
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
index f45a3c5ef..0bb5c068c 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/process.h"
 #include "core/settings.h"
 #include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_gen.h"
@@ -80,11 +81,25 @@ struct DrawParameters {
     }
 };
 
+static std::size_t GetConstBufferSize(const Tegra::Engines::ConstBufferInfo& buffer,
+                                      const GLShader::ConstBufferEntry& entry) {
+    if (!entry.IsIndirect()) {
+        return entry.GetSize();
+    }
+
+    if (buffer.size > Maxwell::MaxConstBufferSize) {
+        LOG_WARNING(Render_OpenGL, "Indirect constbuffer size {} exceeds maximum {}", buffer.size,
+                    Maxwell::MaxConstBufferSize);
+        return Maxwell::MaxConstBufferSize;
+    }
+
+    return buffer.size;
+}
+
 RasterizerOpenGL::RasterizerOpenGL(Core::System& system, Core::Frontend::EmuWindow& emu_window,
                                    ScreenInfo& info)
     : texture_cache{system, *this, device}, shader_cache{*this, system, emu_window, device},
-      global_cache{*this}, system{system}, screen_info{info},
-      buffer_cache(*this, STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+      system{system}, screen_info{info}, buffer_cache{*this, system, STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE} {
     OpenGLState::ApplyDefaultState();
 
     shader_program_manager = std::make_unique<GLShader::ProgramManager>();
@@ -129,8 +144,6 @@ GLuint RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexFormat() {
         state.draw.vertex_array = vao;
         state.ApplyVertexArrayState();
 
-        glVertexArrayElementBuffer(vao, buffer_cache.GetHandle());
-
         // Use the vertex array as-is, assumes that the data is formatted correctly for OpenGL.
         // Enables the first 16 vertex attributes always, as we don't know which ones are actually
         // used until shader time. Note, Tegra technically supports 32, but we're capping this to 16
@@ -197,11 +210,11 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexBuffer(GLuint vao) {
 
         ASSERT(end > start);
         const u64 size = end - start + 1;
-        const GLintptr vertex_buffer_offset = buffer_cache.UploadMemory(start, size);
+        const auto [vertex_buffer, vertex_buffer_offset] = buffer_cache.UploadMemory(start, size);
 
         // Bind the vertex array to the buffer at the current offset.
-        glVertexArrayVertexBuffer(vao, index, buffer_cache.GetHandle(), vertex_buffer_offset,
-                                  vertex_array.stride);
+        vertex_array_pushbuffer.SetVertexBuffer(index, vertex_buffer, vertex_buffer_offset,
+                                                vertex_array.stride);
 
         if (regs.instanced_arrays.IsInstancingEnabled(index) && vertex_array.divisor != 0) {
             // Enable vertex buffer instancing with the specified divisor.
@@ -215,7 +228,19 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexBuffer(GLuint vao) {
     gpu.dirty_flags.vertex_array.reset();
 }
 
-DrawParameters RasterizerOpenGL::SetupDraw() {
+GLintptr RasterizerOpenGL::SetupIndexBuffer() {
+    if (accelerate_draw != AccelDraw::Indexed) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_Index);
+    const auto& regs = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs;
+    const std::size_t size = CalculateIndexBufferSize();
+    const auto [buffer, offset] = buffer_cache.UploadMemory(regs.index_array.IndexStart(), size);
+    vertex_array_pushbuffer.SetIndexBuffer(buffer);
+    return offset;
+}
+
+DrawParameters RasterizerOpenGL::SetupDraw(GLintptr index_buffer_offset) {
     const auto& gpu = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
     const auto& regs = gpu.regs;
     const bool is_indexed = accelerate_draw == AccelDraw::Indexed;
@@ -227,11 +252,9 @@ DrawParameters RasterizerOpenGL::SetupDraw() {
     params.primitive_mode = MaxwellToGL::PrimitiveTopology(regs.draw.topology);
 
     if (is_indexed) {
-        MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_Index);
         params.index_format = MaxwellToGL::IndexFormat(regs.index_array.format);
         params.count = regs.index_array.count;
-        params.index_buffer_offset =
-            buffer_cache.UploadMemory(regs.index_array.IndexStart(), CalculateIndexBufferSize());
+        params.index_buffer_offset = index_buffer_offset;
         params.base_vertex = static_cast<GLint>(regs.vb_element_base);
     } else {
         params.count = regs.vertex_buffer.count;
@@ -247,10 +270,6 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode) {
     BaseBindings base_bindings;
     std::array<bool, Maxwell::NumClipDistances> clip_distances{};
 
-    // Prepare packed bindings
-    bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Setup(base_bindings.cbuf);
-    bind_ssbo_pushbuffer.Setup(base_bindings.gmem);
-
     for (std::size_t index = 0; index < Maxwell::MaxShaderProgram; ++index) {
         const auto& shader_config = gpu.regs.shader_config[index];
         const Maxwell::ShaderProgram program{static_cast<Maxwell::ShaderProgram>(index)};
@@ -271,12 +290,11 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode) {
 
         GLShader::MaxwellUniformData ubo{};
         ubo.SetFromRegs(gpu, stage);
-        const GLintptr offset =
+        const auto [buffer, offset] =
             buffer_cache.UploadHostMemory(&ubo, sizeof(ubo), device.GetUniformBufferAlignment());
 
         // Bind the emulation info buffer
-        bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Push(buffer_cache.GetHandle(), offset,
-                                 static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(sizeof(ubo)));
+        bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Push(buffer, offset, static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(sizeof(ubo)));
 
         Shader shader{shader_cache.GetStageProgram(program)};
 
@@ -321,9 +339,6 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode) {
         base_bindings = next_bindings;
     }
 
-    bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Bind();
-    bind_ssbo_pushbuffer.Bind();
-
     SyncClipEnabled(clip_distances);
 
     gpu.dirty_flags.shaders = false;
@@ -634,26 +649,46 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::DrawArrays() {
                       Maxwell::MaxShaderStage;
 
     // Add space for at least 18 constant buffers
-    buffer_size +=
-        Maxwell::MaxConstBuffers * (MaxConstbufferSize + device.GetUniformBufferAlignment());
+    buffer_size += Maxwell::MaxConstBuffers *
+                   (Maxwell::MaxConstBufferSize + device.GetUniformBufferAlignment());
 
-    const bool invalidate = buffer_cache.Map(buffer_size);
-    if (invalidate) {
-        // As all cached buffers are invalidated, we need to recheck their state.
-        gpu.dirty_flags.vertex_array.set();
-    }
+    // Prepare the vertex array.
+    buffer_cache.Map(buffer_size);
 
+    // Prepare vertex array format.
     const GLuint vao = SetupVertexFormat();
+    vertex_array_pushbuffer.Setup(vao);
+
+    // Upload vertex and index data.
     SetupVertexBuffer(vao);
+    const GLintptr index_buffer_offset = SetupIndexBuffer();
 
-    DrawParameters params = SetupDraw();
+    // Setup draw parameters. It will automatically choose what glDraw* method to use.
+    const DrawParameters params = SetupDraw(index_buffer_offset);
+
+    // Prepare packed bindings.
+    bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Setup(0);
+    bind_ssbo_pushbuffer.Setup(0);
+
+    // Setup shaders and their used resources.
     texture_cache.GuardSamplers(true);
     SetupShaders(params.primitive_mode);
     texture_cache.GuardSamplers(false);
 
     ConfigureFramebuffers(state);
 
-    buffer_cache.Unmap();
+    // Signal the buffer cache that we are not going to upload more things.
+    const bool invalidate = buffer_cache.Unmap();
+
+    // Now that we are no longer uploading data, we can safely bind the buffers to OpenGL.
+    vertex_array_pushbuffer.Bind();
+    bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Bind();
+    bind_ssbo_pushbuffer.Bind();
+
+    if (invalidate) {
+        // As all cached buffers are invalidated, we need to recheck their state.
+        gpu.dirty_flags.vertex_array.set();
+    }
 
     shader_program_manager->ApplyTo(state);
     state.Apply();
@@ -675,7 +710,7 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::FlushRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) {
         return;
     }
     texture_cache.FlushRegion(addr, size);
-    global_cache.FlushRegion(addr, size);
+    buffer_cache.FlushRegion(addr, size);
 }
 
 void RasterizerOpenGL::InvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) {
@@ -685,7 +720,6 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::InvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) {
     }
     texture_cache.InvalidateRegion(addr, size);
     shader_cache.InvalidateRegion(addr, size);
-    global_cache.InvalidateRegion(addr, size);
     buffer_cache.InvalidateRegion(addr, size);
 }
 
@@ -696,6 +730,10 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::FlushAndInvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) {
     InvalidateRegion(addr, size);
 }
 
+void RasterizerOpenGL::TickFrame() {
+    buffer_cache.TickFrame();
+}
+
 bool RasterizerOpenGL::AccelerateSurfaceCopy(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& src,
                                              const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& dst,
                                              const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy_config) {
@@ -739,11 +777,9 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupDrawConstBuffers(Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::Sh
     MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_UBO);
     const auto stage_index = static_cast<std::size_t>(stage);
     const auto& shader_stage = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().state.shader_stages[stage_index];
-    const auto& entries = shader->GetShaderEntries().const_buffers;
 
     // Upload only the enabled buffers from the 16 constbuffers of each shader stage
-    for (u32 bindpoint = 0; bindpoint < entries.size(); ++bindpoint) {
-        const auto& entry = entries[bindpoint];
+    for (const auto& entry : shader->GetShaderEntries().const_buffers) {
         SetupConstBuffer(shader_stage.const_buffers[entry.GetIndex()], entry);
     }
 }
@@ -752,46 +788,34 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupConstBuffer(const Tegra::Engines::ConstBufferInfo& b
                                         const GLShader::ConstBufferEntry& entry) {
     if (!buffer.enabled) {
         // Set values to zero to unbind buffers
-        bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Push(0, 0, 0);
+        bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Push(buffer_cache.GetEmptyBuffer(sizeof(float)), 0, sizeof(float));
         return;
     }
 
-    std::size_t size;
-    if (entry.IsIndirect()) {
-        // Buffer is accessed indirectly, so upload the entire thing
-        size = buffer.size;
-
-        if (size > MaxConstbufferSize) {
-            LOG_WARNING(Render_OpenGL, "Indirect constbuffer size {} exceeds maximum {}", size,
-                        MaxConstbufferSize);
-            size = MaxConstbufferSize;
-        }
-    } else {
-        // Buffer is accessed directly, upload just what we use
-        size = entry.GetSize();
-    }
-
     // Align the actual size so it ends up being a multiple of vec4 to meet the OpenGL std140
     // UBO alignment requirements.
-    size = Common::AlignUp(size, sizeof(GLvec4));
-    ASSERT_MSG(size <= MaxConstbufferSize, "Constant buffer is too big");
+    const std::size_t size = Common::AlignUp(GetConstBufferSize(buffer, entry), sizeof(GLvec4));
 
-    const std::size_t alignment = device.GetUniformBufferAlignment();
-    const GLintptr offset = buffer_cache.UploadMemory(buffer.address, size, alignment);
-    bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Push(buffer_cache.GetHandle(), offset, size);
+    const auto alignment = device.GetUniformBufferAlignment();
+    const auto [cbuf, offset] = buffer_cache.UploadMemory(buffer.address, size, alignment);
+    bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Push(cbuf, offset, size);
 }
 
 void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupGlobalRegions(Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::ShaderStage stage,
                                           const Shader& shader) {
-    const auto& entries = shader->GetShaderEntries().global_memory_entries;
-    for (std::size_t bindpoint = 0; bindpoint < entries.size(); ++bindpoint) {
-        const auto& entry{entries[bindpoint]};
-        const auto& region{global_cache.GetGlobalRegion(entry, stage)};
-        if (entry.IsWritten()) {
-            region->MarkAsModified(true, global_cache);
-        }
-        bind_ssbo_pushbuffer.Push(region->GetBufferHandle(), 0,
-                                  static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(region->GetSizeInBytes()));
+    auto& gpu{system.GPU()};
+    auto& memory_manager{gpu.MemoryManager()};
+    const auto cbufs{gpu.Maxwell3D().state.shader_stages[static_cast<std::size_t>(stage)]};
+    const auto alignment{device.GetShaderStorageBufferAlignment()};
+
+    for (const auto& entry : shader->GetShaderEntries().global_memory_entries) {
+        const auto addr{cbufs.const_buffers[entry.GetCbufIndex()].address + entry.GetCbufOffset()};
+        const auto actual_addr{memory_manager.Read<u64>(addr)};
+        const auto size{memory_manager.Read<u32>(addr + 8)};
+
+        const auto [ssbo, buffer_offset] =
+            buffer_cache.UploadMemory(actual_addr, size, alignment, true, entry.IsWritten());
+        bind_ssbo_pushbuffer.Push(ssbo, buffer_offset, static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(size));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h
index d238c1257..40b571d58 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_framebuffer_cache.h"
-#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_sampler_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_cache.h"
@@ -63,6 +62,7 @@ public:
     void FlushRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) override;
     void InvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) override;
     void FlushAndInvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) override;
+    void TickFrame() override;
     bool AccelerateSurfaceCopy(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& src,
                                const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& dst,
                                const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy_config) override;
@@ -73,11 +73,6 @@ public:
     void LoadDiskResources(const std::atomic_bool& stop_loading,
                            const VideoCore::DiskResourceLoadCallback& callback) override;
 
-    /// Maximum supported size that a constbuffer can have in bytes.
-    static constexpr std::size_t MaxConstbufferSize = 0x10000;
-    static_assert(MaxConstbufferSize % sizeof(GLvec4) == 0,
-                  "The maximum size of a constbuffer must be a multiple of the size of GLvec4");
-
 private:
     struct FramebufferConfigState {
         bool using_color_fb{};
@@ -191,7 +186,6 @@ private:
 
     TextureCacheOpenGL texture_cache;
     ShaderCacheOpenGL shader_cache;
-    GlobalRegionCacheOpenGL global_cache;
     SamplerCacheOpenGL sampler_cache;
     FramebufferCacheOpenGL framebuffer_cache;
 
@@ -210,6 +204,7 @@ private:
     static constexpr std::size_t STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE = 128 * 1024 * 1024;
     OGLBufferCache buffer_cache;
 
+    VertexArrayPushBuffer vertex_array_pushbuffer;
     BindBuffersRangePushBuffer bind_ubo_pushbuffer{GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER};
     BindBuffersRangePushBuffer bind_ssbo_pushbuffer{GL_SHADER_STORAGE_BUFFER};
 
@@ -222,7 +217,9 @@ private:
 
     void SetupVertexBuffer(GLuint vao);
 
-    DrawParameters SetupDraw();
+    GLintptr SetupIndexBuffer();
+
+    DrawParameters SetupDraw(GLintptr index_buffer_offset);
 
     void SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode);
 
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_decompiler.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_decompiler.cpp
index bfc975a04..47cc2011f 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_decompiler.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_decompiler.cpp
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ using TextureArgument = std::pair<Type, Node>;
 using TextureIR = std::variant<TextureAoffi, TextureArgument>;
 
 constexpr u32 MAX_CONSTBUFFER_ELEMENTS =
-    static_cast<u32>(RasterizerOpenGL::MaxConstbufferSize) / (4 * sizeof(float));
+    static_cast<u32>(Maxwell::MaxConstBufferSize) / (4 * sizeof(float));
 
 class ShaderWriter {
 public:
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/renderer_opengl.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/renderer_opengl.cpp
index b142521ec..9ecdddb0d 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/renderer_opengl.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/renderer_opengl.cpp
@@ -101,7 +101,6 @@ RendererOpenGL::RendererOpenGL(Core::Frontend::EmuWindow& emu_window, Core::Syst
 
 RendererOpenGL::~RendererOpenGL() = default;
 
-/// Swap buffers (render frame)
 void RendererOpenGL::SwapBuffers(
     std::optional<std::reference_wrapper<const Tegra::FramebufferConfig>> framebuffer) {
 
@@ -130,6 +129,8 @@ void RendererOpenGL::SwapBuffers(
 
         DrawScreen(render_window.GetFramebufferLayout());
 
+        rasterizer->TickFrame();
+
         render_window.SwapBuffers();
     }
 
@@ -262,7 +263,6 @@ void RendererOpenGL::CreateRasterizer() {
     if (rasterizer) {
         return;
     }
-    // Initialize sRGB Usage
     OpenGLState::ClearsRGBUsed();
     rasterizer = std::make_unique<RasterizerOpenGL>(system, emu_window, screen_info);
 }
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.cpp
index 68c36988d..c504a2c1a 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.cpp
@@ -13,29 +13,67 @@
 
 namespace OpenGL {
 
+VertexArrayPushBuffer::VertexArrayPushBuffer() = default;
+
+VertexArrayPushBuffer::~VertexArrayPushBuffer() = default;
+
+void VertexArrayPushBuffer::Setup(GLuint vao_) {
+    vao = vao_;
+    index_buffer = nullptr;
+    vertex_buffers.clear();
+}
+
+void VertexArrayPushBuffer::SetIndexBuffer(const GLuint* buffer) {
+    index_buffer = buffer;
+}
+
+void VertexArrayPushBuffer::SetVertexBuffer(GLuint binding_index, const GLuint* buffer,
+                                            GLintptr offset, GLsizei stride) {
+    vertex_buffers.push_back(Entry{binding_index, buffer, offset, stride});
+}
+
+void VertexArrayPushBuffer::Bind() {
+    if (index_buffer) {
+        glVertexArrayElementBuffer(vao, *index_buffer);
+    }
+
+    // TODO(Rodrigo): Find a way to ARB_multi_bind this
+    for (const auto& entry : vertex_buffers) {
+        glVertexArrayVertexBuffer(vao, entry.binding_index, *entry.buffer, entry.offset,
+                                  entry.stride);
+    }
+}
+
 BindBuffersRangePushBuffer::BindBuffersRangePushBuffer(GLenum target) : target{target} {}
 
 BindBuffersRangePushBuffer::~BindBuffersRangePushBuffer() = default;
 
 void BindBuffersRangePushBuffer::Setup(GLuint first_) {
     first = first_;
-    buffers.clear();
+    buffer_pointers.clear();
     offsets.clear();
     sizes.clear();
 }
 
-void BindBuffersRangePushBuffer::Push(GLuint buffer, GLintptr offset, GLsizeiptr size) {
-    buffers.push_back(buffer);
+void BindBuffersRangePushBuffer::Push(const GLuint* buffer, GLintptr offset, GLsizeiptr size) {
+    buffer_pointers.push_back(buffer);
     offsets.push_back(offset);
     sizes.push_back(size);
 }
 
-void BindBuffersRangePushBuffer::Bind() const {
-    const std::size_t count{buffers.size()};
+void BindBuffersRangePushBuffer::Bind() {
+    // Ensure sizes are valid.
+    const std::size_t count{buffer_pointers.size()};
     DEBUG_ASSERT(count == offsets.size() && count == sizes.size());
     if (count == 0) {
         return;
     }
+
+    // Dereference buffers.
+    buffers.resize(count);
+    std::transform(buffer_pointers.begin(), buffer_pointers.end(), buffers.begin(),
+                   [](const GLuint* pointer) { return *pointer; });
+
     glBindBuffersRange(target, first, static_cast<GLsizei>(count), buffers.data(), offsets.data(),
                        sizes.data());
 }
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.h b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.h
index 4a752f3b4..6c2b45546 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.h
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.h
@@ -11,20 +11,49 @@
 
 namespace OpenGL {
 
-class BindBuffersRangePushBuffer {
+class VertexArrayPushBuffer final {
 public:
-    BindBuffersRangePushBuffer(GLenum target);
+    explicit VertexArrayPushBuffer();
+    ~VertexArrayPushBuffer();
+
+    void Setup(GLuint vao_);
+
+    void SetIndexBuffer(const GLuint* buffer);
+
+    void SetVertexBuffer(GLuint binding_index, const GLuint* buffer, GLintptr offset,
+                         GLsizei stride);
+
+    void Bind();
+
+private:
+    struct Entry {
+        GLuint binding_index{};
+        const GLuint* buffer{};
+        GLintptr offset{};
+        GLsizei stride{};
+    };
+
+    GLuint vao{};
+    const GLuint* index_buffer{};
+    std::vector<Entry> vertex_buffers;
+};
+
+class BindBuffersRangePushBuffer final {
+public:
+    explicit BindBuffersRangePushBuffer(GLenum target);
     ~BindBuffersRangePushBuffer();
 
     void Setup(GLuint first_);
 
-    void Push(GLuint buffer, GLintptr offset, GLsizeiptr size);
+    void Push(const GLuint* buffer, GLintptr offset, GLsizeiptr size);
 
-    void Bind() const;
+    void Bind();
 
 private:
-    GLenum target;
-    GLuint first;
+    GLenum target{};
+    GLuint first{};
+    std::vector<const GLuint*> buffer_pointers;
+
     std::vector<GLuint> buffers;
     std::vector<GLintptr> offsets;
     std::vector<GLsizeiptr> sizes;